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The Republic of The Union of Myanmar

Ministry of Health and Sports


Department of Medical Services

National List of Essential Medicines

(NLEM)

2016
Section 25 Sub Section

- ၂၀၁၆
Myanmar Essential Medicines Project

CONTENTS

No. Description Page


1. Foreword ……………………………………........... ....
2. Acknowledgement …………………………........ .... 1
3. Executive Summary ……………………….............. 2
4. Significant features of NLEM (2016) ………....... 6
5. Applications for review and revision of NLEM
(2010)…………………………………....................... 9
6. List of medicines in NLEM (2016) by therapeutic
areas………………………………........................... 11
7. Sections………………………………………….............
Section-1 Anaesthetics………………………........ 29
Section-2 Analgesics, antipyretics, non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory medicines
(NSAIMs), medicines used to treat
gout and disease modifying agents
in rheumatoid disorders (DMARDs)… 30
Section-3 Anti- allergics and medicines used
in anaphylaxis…………………........... 32
Section-4 Antidotes and other substances
used in poisoning………………......... 32
Section-5 Medicines for central nervous
system…………………………………….... 33
Section-6 Anti-infective medicines…………….. 34
Section-7 Antimigraine medicines…………...... 39
Section-8 Medicines affecting the blood……... 39

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No. Description Page


Section-9 Blood products and plasma
substitutes………….........…………… 40
Section-10 Cardiovascular medicines………... 40
Section-11 Dermatological medicines
(topical)……………....…………………. 42
Section-12 Diagnostic agents…………………... 43
Section-13 Disinfectants and antiseptics…… 44
Section-14 Diuretics….…………………………….. 44
Section-15 Gastrointestinal medicines…….. 45
Section-16 Hormones, other endocrine
medicines and contraceptives… 46
Section-17 Immunologicals….………………….. 48
Section-18 Muscle relaxants (peripherally
acting) and anticholinesterase
inhibitors……………....………………. 49
Section-19 Ophthalmological preparation … 50
Section-20 Oxytocics and myometrial
relaxants…………………………………….. 51
Section-21 Psychotherapeutic medicines…. 51
Section-22 Medicines acting on the
respiratory tract…………….......... 52
Section-23 Solution correcting water,
electrolytes and acid base
balance………..…………………………. 53
Section-24 Vitamins and minerals………....... 54
Section-25 Medicines Used in Cancer
Chemotherapy ...................... 55
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No. Description Page


Section-26 Otorhinolaryngological preparation 58
Section-27 Medicines for urological system 58

Annexes
1. Total items (486) in NLEM (2016)……... 59
2. Adding items (183) to year (2010) book 80
3. Deleting items (38) from year (2010)
book…............................................. 85
4. Total items by category………………....... 86

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FOREWORD
Essential Medicines are those that
satisfy the priority health care needs of the
population and these medicines are
intended to be available within the context
of functioning health systems at all times
in adequate amounts, in the appropriate
dosage forms, with assured quality, adequate information,
at a price the individual and the community can afford.
To follow the concepts of essential medicines and
rational use of medicines, Myanmar Essential Medicines
Project developed Standard Treatment Guideline for Basic
Health Staff and National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM).
Myanmar Essential Medicines Project has been
implementing in collaboration with WHO since 1988.
There are five categories of medicines in NLEM (2016)
which are based on the professional level of health care
providers. NLEM (2016) is the result of detailed revision by
many experts such as professors from related fields, state
and regional health directors, and programme managers.

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The new edition of National List of Essential Medicines


(2016) contains (486) items and it can be used as supportive
tool not only for procurement but also for good prescribing
practices.

Professor Myint Han


Director General
Department of Medical Services

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

1. NLEM Task Force Committee

2. External Consultant

3. Professor and heads, Professors

4. State and Regional Health Directors

5. Programme Managers

6. Medical Superintendents

The Task Force Committee for review and revision of


NLEM (2010) wishes to record its heartfelt appreciation to
external consultant, Dr. Pisonthi Chongtrakul, all the
professor and heads, clinicians, state and regional health
directors, programme managers and directors of hospitals,
medical superintendents for the very effective suggestions
and comments, WHO for financial support in revision
process, senior officials from Ministry of Health & Sports
for leadership role, financial for publication support and
whoever involved in the development of this NLEM (2016).

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) is


now becoming very important not only for procurement but
also for health care providers to do as a reference which
level should use what kind of medicines in the health system.
A limited range of carefully selected essential
medicines leads to better health care, better drug
management, and lower costs.
Essential medicines are those that satisfy the priority
health care needs of the population and intended to be
available within the context of functioning health systems
at all times, in adequate amounts, in the appropriate dosage
forms, with assured quality, and at a price the individual and
the community can afford.
Revision of NLEM was based the four important
documents such as National List of Essential and
Complementary Medicines and Vaccines for Myanmar
(2010), Thai Essential Medicines List (2012), WHO Model
List of Essential Medicines 18th edition, WHO Model list of
Essential Medicines for Children 3rd edition.
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In order to revise, firstly, task force committee (core


committee) was developed in June 2013 by Ministry of
Health & Sports with following members:
(1) Dr. Than Win, Deputy Director General,
Department of Public Health, Ministry of
Health & Sports as a chairman
(2) Dr. Zaw Win, Former Director (Foods and
drugs), Department of Foods and Drugs
Administration as a member
(3) Dr. Hla Myint, Former Director (Medical Care),
Department of Medical Services, Ministry of
Health & Sports as a member
(4) Dr. Nang Hla Hla Win , Professor and Head,
Department of Pharmacology , University of
Medicine 1, Yangon as a member
(5) Dr. Thida Hla, Medical Superintendent, Nay Pyi
Taw (1000) bedded, General Hospital, Former
Project Manager, Myanmar Essential
Medicines project as a secretariat
(6) Dr. Thein May Saw, Professor and Head ,
Department of Pharmacology, University of
Medicine, Mandalay, as a member
(7) Dr. Khin Mar Myint , Professor and Head
(Training) , University of Medicine 1, Yangon
as a member
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(8) Dr. Nu Nu Aye, Professor and Head,


Department of Pharmacology, University of
Medicine 2, Yangon as a member
(9) Dr. Theingi Zin, Director (Drugs), Department
of Foods and Drugs Administration as a
member
(10) Dr. Win Win May , (Retd.) Associate Prof,
University of Pharmacy, Yangon as a member
(11) Dr. Myat Min, Associate Professor, Department
of Pharmacology, University of Medicine,
Mandalay as a member
(12) Dr. Aung Tun, Former Director (Public Health),
Former Department of Health as a member
(13) Daw Tin Myo Khine, Assistant Director,
Department of Foods and Drugs
Administration as a member
In August 2013, the 1st task force committee meeting
was held in the Department of Medical Services, Ministry of
Health & Sports. From this meeting result, the modified
format of NLEM was developed based on the three major
documents such as National List of Essential and
Complementary Medicines and Vaccines for Myanmar
(2010), WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 18 th edition,
WHO Model list of Essential Medicines for Children 3rd
edition.
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In July 2013, the modified format of NLEM was


distributed to all directors of central hospitals, directors of
States and Regions, all project managers to make deletion
or changing of items, inclusion or adding of items and
justification for every changes via email.
In September 2013, workshop for deliberation on
evidence based criteria for addition and deletion of items
with external consultant from Thailand, Task Force
Committee Members, all Professor and Heads (Clinicians)
from every discipline was conducted in Ministry of Health &
Sports.
During the workshop, intensively discussed the
current situation of medicines issues which were found in
every health facilities and drug resistant condition. Due to
difficulty in timely getting of the data concerning the evidence
base, cost effectiveness, epidemiological information on
disease burden, current usage assessment, and the advice
of Thai Consultant, Thai National List of Essential Medicines
was decided to be adopted.
In March 2014, the 2nd time Task Force Committee
meeting was held in the University of Medicine 1, Yangon
and reviewed again. Discussion the final draft of NLEM
(revised) in Drug Advisory Committee (DAC) meeting was
done in November 2014.

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SIGNIFICANT FEATURES OF NLEM (2016)

In the National List of Essential Medicines,


Complementary Medicines and Vaccines for Myanmar
(2010), there were (4) categories such as:
E = Essential Medicines for basic health care system
E* = Essential Medicines recommended for tertiary referral level
C = Complementary Medicines
C* = Complementary Medicines recommended for tertiary
referral level. Total items were (341).
Normally, the NLEM should be updated two yearly
according to the WHO guideline. The issue of updating was
also discussed and considered based upon the informations
came out from various health sectors and programmes, such
as updated treatment regime, drug resistant conditions,
control drug policy, drugs from programme which were
supported by WHO,NGOs, INGOs.
The medicines in NLEM (2016) have been categorized
as follows:
A = everyone (for any doctor) with first choice for the patient
B = Alternative to A
C = for experts (experienced doctors)

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D = Trained personnel with expert qualifications (drugs to


be used in specialized centre)
E1 = National Programme Drugs (eg. HIV, TB for Myanmar)
E2 = Specialist in specialized centre, kept by authorized body
of the hospital, allowed by request (drug is expensive
for some rare diseases or conditions, eg., liposomal
amphotericin B, digoxin specific antibody) for central
procurement
The numbers of items in each category are as follow:
A = 217
B = 38
C = 139
D = 89
E1 = 41
E2 = 13
Total of (486) medicines are included in NLEM (2016).
Some of the items are included in one or two categories (eg.
Ampicillin is in category A and C based on dosage form).
Therefore, counting the items are (537) by category.
[c] – symbol is placed next to an individual medicine or
strength of medicine it signifies that there is a specific
indication for restricting its use to children.

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[c] – symbol is placed next to the complementary list it


signifies that the medicine(s) require (s) specialist diagnostic
or monitoring facilities, and/ or specialist medical care, and/
or specialist training for their use in children.

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APPLICATIONS FOR REVIEW AND REVISION OF NLEM


(2010)
National List of Essential and complementary medicines
and vaccines for Myanmar(2010), Thai Essential Medicines
Lists (2012), WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 18th
edition, WHO Model list of Essential Medicines for
Children 3rd edition
(Base documents)

Developing the Task Force Committee for review and


revision of NLEM 2010

1st time Task Force Committee meeting led by Deputy


Director General

Distribution of Modified Format based on NLEM (2010),


WHO Model List of Essential Medicines 18th edition, WHO
Model list of Essential Medicines for Children 3rd list to all
medical directors of central hospitals, directors of States
and Regions, all project managers to make deletion or
changing of items, inclusion or adding of items and
justification

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Workshop for deliberation on evidence based criteria for


addition and deletion of items with external consultant
from Thailand, Task Force Committee, all Professor and
Heads from every discipline

2nd time Task Force Committee meeting

Discussion the final draft of NLEM (revised) in Drug


Advisory Committee (DAC) meeting

Final consideration,discussion and summarizing the NLEM


draft by Task Force Committee

Submit to the Ministry of Health & Sports for approval

Publishing (2016)

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LIST OF MEDICINES IN NLEM (2016) BY THERAPEUTIC AREAS

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SECTIONS

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ANNEXES
TOTAL ITEMS (486) IN NLEM (2016)

NO ITEMS CATEGORIES

1. 4FDC B
2. Abacavir E1
3. Abacavir + Lamivudine E1
4. ACTH E2
5. Acarbose C
6. Acetazolamide A
7. Acetylcysteine A
8. Acetylsalicylic Acid C, A
9. Acyclovir A, D
10. Adenosine A
11. Albendazole A
12. Albumin (Human) E2
13. Alfacalcidol (1 & Hydroxycholecalciferol) C
14. Allopurinol A
15. Alprazolam D
16. Aluminium Hydroxide A
17. Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium A
Hydroxide
18. Amikacin B, C, E1
19. Amiloride B
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES

20. Amino acid solution C


21. Aminophylline A
22. Amiodarone C
23. Amitriptyline (hydrochloride) A
24. Amlodipine A
25. Amoxicillin A
26. Amoxicillin + Clavulanic acid A
27. Amphotericin-B C
28. Ampicillin A, C
29. Anti-D Immunoglobulin A
30. Anastrozole D
31. Antisnake Venom Serum (Cobra Antivenom) A
32. Antisnake Venom Serum (Viper Antivenom) A
33. Antithymocyte globulin D
34. Arsenic trioxide D
35. Artemether E1
36. Artemether + Lumefantrine E1
37. Artesunate C, E1
38. Ascorbic acid A, B
39. Asparaginase C
40. Atazanavir boosted Lopinavir E1
41. Atorvastatin D
42. Atovaquone + Proguanil E1
43. Atracurium C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
44. Atropine (Sulphate) A, C
45. Azithromycin C
46. Baclofen B
47. Bambuterol B
48. Barium sulphate A
49. BCG Vaccine A
50. Beclomethasone (dipropionate) A
51. Bendamustine D
52. Benzathine pencillin A
53. Benzhexol A
54. Benzoic acid + Salicylic acid A
55. Benzoin Tincture A
56. Benzyl benzoate A
57. Benzyl penicillin G A
58. Betamethasone (valerate) B
59. Betamethasone + Neomycin A
60. Bevacizumab D
61. Bisacodyl A
62. Bismuth subnitrate and iodoform C
63. Bleomycin-C C
64. Boric acid / Spirit A
65. Bortezomib D
66. Brimonidine C
67. Bromocriptine C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
68. Budesonide inhaler A
69. Bupivacaine (Hydrochloride) A
70. Busulfan C
71. Calamine A
72. Calcipotriol ointment C
73. Calcium gluconate A
74. Capreomycin E1
75. Carbamazepine A
76. Carbimazole A
77. Carbocysteine A
78. Carboplatin C
79. Carvedilol C
80. Caspofungin D, E2
81. Cefaclor C
82. Cefazolin C
83. Cefixime C, D
84. Cefotaxime B, C
85. Cefoperazone + Sulbactam D
86. Ceftazidime C
87. Ceftriaxone C, E1
88. Cefuroxime B
89. Cephalexin A
90. Cetrizine A
91. Charcoal A
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
92. Chlorambucil C
93. Chloramphenicol A, C
94. Chlorhexidine (Digluconate) (7.5%) A
95. Chlorhexidine + Neomycin C
96. Chlorine based compound A
97. Chloroquine A, B, E1
98. Chloroxylenol A
99. Chlorpheniramine A
100. Chlorpromazine (Hydrochloride) A
101. Chlorthalidone A
102. Cholera vaccine C
103. Ciclosporin C
104. Cinnarizine (Hydrochloride) B
105. Ciprofloxacin D
106. Cisatracurium C
107. Cisplatin C
108. Clarithromycin D
109. Clindamycin B, A
110. Clobetasol A
111. Clofazimine A, E1
112. Clomiphene citrate C
113. Clomipramine (Hydrochloride) C
114. Clonazepam B
115. Clopidogrel (Hydrogen sulphate) B
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
116. Clotrimazole A, B
117. Cloxacillin A
118. Coal tar A
119. Codeine phosphate C
120. Colchicine A
121. Comprox AC+ Solution dichlorometaxylenol A
122. Condoms A
123. Copper Intra-Uterine Device (Cu-IUD) A
124. Co-trimoxazole A
125. Capecitabine D
126. Cyclophosphamide C
127. Cycloserine C
128. Cytarabine C
129. Dacarbazine C
130. Dactinomycin C
131. Danazol C
132. Dapsone A, E1
133. Daunorubicin C
134. Dasatinib D
135. Deferasirox C
136. Deferiprone D
137. Deferoxamine C
138. Desferrioxamine mesylate C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES

139. Dexamethasone A, C
140. Dextromethorphan A
141. Dextrose A
142. Dextrose and sodium chloride A
143. Diazepam A
144. Diclofenac A, C
145. Diethylcarbamazine A
146. Digoxin A, D
147. Digibind E2
148. Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine E1
149. Diltiazem A
150. Dimercaprol C
151. Dimethicone A
152. Diphenhydramine (hydrochloride) A
153. Diphtheria Antitoxin A
154. DPT+ Hep B+ Hib Vaccine A
155. Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus Vaccine A
156. Dipyridamole D
157. Dobutamine B
158. Docetaxel D
159. Domperidone (maleate) A
160. Dopamine A
161. Doxorubicin C
162. Doxycycline E1, A
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
163. Drotaverine A
164. Efavirenz E1
165. Eltrombopag D
166. Enalapril A
167. Enoxaparin C
168. Ephedrine C
169. Epinephrine A, B
170. Epirubicin D
171. Ergocalciferol A
172. Ergometrine (Hydrogen maleate) A
173. Erythromycin A
174. Erythropoietin E2
175. Escitalopram D
176. Ethambutol A
177. Ethinylestradiol + Levonorgestrel A
178. Ethinylestradiol + Norethisterone A
179. Ethionamide C
180. Etoposide C
181. Eusol A
182. Felodipine D
183. Fenofibrate C
184. Fentanyl C
185. Ferrous salts (Sulphate, fumarate) A
186. Filgrastim D
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
187. Finasteride D
188. Flecainide D
189. Fluocinolone acetonide C
190. Flucloxacillin A
191. Fluconazole A, C
192. Fludarabine D
193. Fludrocortisone B
194. Flumazenil D
195. Flumethasone D
196. Fluorometholone D
197. 5-Fluorouracil C
198. Fluoxetine (hydrochloride) A
199. Flutamide D
200. Fluticasone A, D
201. Fluticasone Propionate + Salmeterol inhaler C
202. Folic acid A
203. Folinic acid C
204. Formaldehyde A
205. Fortified Procaine Penicillin G A
206. Framycetin A
207. Furosemide A
208. Fusidic acid B
209. Gabapentin D
210. Gadolinium D
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
211. Ganciclovir D
212. Gelatin infusion B
213. Gemcitabine D
214. Gentamicin A, C
215. Glucagon A
216. Glutaraldehyde A
217. Glycerin suppository A
218. Glyceryl trinitrate A, C
219. Glycopyrrolate C
220. Granulocyte colony stimulating factor D
221. Griseofulvin A
222. Haemophilus influenzae B vaccine A
223. Haloperidol A
224. Halothane C
225. Heparin C
226. Hepatitis A vaccine C
227. Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin C
228. Hepatitis B vaccine A
229. Trastuzumab (Herceptin) D
230. Hexanios D
231. Human papilloma virus bivalent vaccine A, E1
232. Hydralazine A
233. Hydrochlorothiazide A
234. Hydrocortisone A, C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
235. Hydrogen peroxide A
236. Hydroxocobalamin A
237. Hydroxycarbamide C
238. Hydroxychloroquine [c] B
239. Hyoscine (Butylbromide) A
240. Ibuprofen A
241. Idarubicin D
242. Ifosfamide D
243. Imatinib D
244. Imipenem + Cilastatin C, D
245. Imiquimod D
246. Immunoglobulin C
247. Indapamide A
248. Irinotecan D
249. Insulin A
250. Insulin Glargine C
251. Iopamidol D
252. Ipratropium bromide inhaler A
253. Isoflurane C
254. Isoniazid A
255. Isoniazid + Ethambutol E1
256. Isoniazid + Rifampicin B, E1
257. Isoniazid + Rifampicin + Ethambutol E1
258. Isoniazid + Rifampicin + Pyrazinamide B, E1
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
259. Isosorbide Dinitrate A
260. Isosorbide Mononitrate A
261. Itraconazole C
262. Ivermectin C
263. Japanese Encephalitis vaccine A, B
264. Kanamycin E1
265. Ketamine (Hydrochloride) A
266. Ketoconazole A
267. Labetalol C
268. Lactulose B
269. Lamotrigine D
270. Lenalidomide D
271. Letrozole D
272. Levamisole A
273. Levetiracetam D
274. Levodopa + Carbidopa A
275. Levofloxacin C, D
276. Levonorgestrel A
277. Levonorgestrel releasing implant C
278. Levothyroxine (Sodium salt) A
279. Lignocaine + Epinephrine A
280. Lidocaine (Hydrochloride) A
281. Lincomycin C
282. Linezolid E2
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
283. Lipid solution C
284. Liposomal Amphotericin E2
285. Lithium carbonate A
286. Loperamide B
287. Lopinavir E1
288. Loratadine A
289. Lorazepam A, C
290. Losartan (Potassium) B
291. Loteprednol etabonate D
292. Leuprolide acetate (Lupron-Depot) D
293. Magnesium hydroxide A
294. Magnesium oxide C
295. Magnesium sulphate A, C, E1
296. Mannitol A
297. Measles vaccine A
298. Measles/ Mumps/ Rubella vaccine A
299. Mebendazole A
300. Medroxyprogesterone (Acetate)/ Depot A
301. Melfalan C
302. Meningococcal vaccine C
303. 6-Mercaptopurine C
304. Meropenem C
305. Mesna D
306. Metaraminol E2
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
307. Metformin (Hydrochloride) A
308. Methadone D
309. Methotrexate C
310. Methoxypsoralen Ointment C
311. Methyldopa A
312. Methylated Spirit A
313. Methylphenidate C
314. Methylprednisolone C
315. Methylthioninium chloride D
316. Metolazone C
317. Metoprolol (Tartrate) A
318. Metronidazole A
319. Miconazole A
320. Midazolam C, D
321. Misoprostol A
322. Mitomycin-C D
323. Mitoxantrone D
324. Mometasone D
325. Montelukast C
326. Morphine C
327. Moxifloxacin D, E1
328. Multivitamin and Mineral A
329. Mycophenolate mofetil D
330. Naloxone A
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
331. Naproxen A
332. Neomycin A
333. Neostigmine (metilsulphate) B
334. Netilmicin D
335. Nevirapine E1
336. Niclosamide A
337. Nicotinamide B
338. Nifedipine retard B, C
339. Nikethamide C
340. Nitrofurantoin B
341. Nitrous Oxide C
342. Nitrous Oxide + Oxygen E2
343. Norepinephrine A
344. Norethisterone enanthate A
345. Norfloxacin A
346. Nystatin A
347. Octreotide D
348. Oestrogen Cream E2
349. Ofloxacin E1
350. Olanzapine C
351. Omeprazole A
352. Ondansetron (Hydrochloride) B
353. Oral Rehydration Salt A
354. Oxaliplatin D
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
355. Oxygen A
356. Oxymetazoline C
357. Oxymetholone D
358. Oxytocin A
359. Paclitaxel Powder D
360. Pamidronate D
361. Pantoprazole B
362. Paracetamol A, C
363. P-aminosalicylic acid C, E1
364. Penicillamine C
365. Perindopril C
366. Permethrin A
367. Pethidine C
368. Phenobarbital A
369. Phenoxymethyl penicillin A
370. Physiological Saline A
371. Phytomenadione A
372. Pilocarpine (Hydrochloride or Nitrate) A
373. Pioglitazone D
374. Piperacillin with tazobactam D
375. Pneumococcal Vaccine A
376. Poliomyelitis Vaccine A
377. Polyethylene Glycol Powder for Solution C
378. Polymyxin B + Neomycin C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
379. Polymyxin + Bacitracin + Neomycin C
380. Potassium chloride A
381. Potassium citrate A
382. Potassium Iodide A
383. Potassium permanganate A
384. Povidone Iodine A
385. Pralidoxime A
386. Praziquantel A
387. Prazosin (Hydrochloride) B
388. Prednisolone A, C
389. Primaquine A, E1
390. Procarbazine C
391. Prochlorperazine A
392. Propafenone D
393. Propofol C
394. Propranolol A, C
395. Propylthiouracil A
396. Protamine sulphate C
397. Pyrazinamide A
398. Pyridoxine (Hydrochloride) A
399. Quinine A
400. Rabies Immunoglobulin (Human origin) B
401. Rabies Vaccine A
402. Ranitidine (Hydrochloride) A
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
403. Rasburicase D
404. Recombinant factor VIII E1
405. Recombinant factor IX E1
406. Repaglinide D
407. Retinol A
408. Ribavirin E2
409. Riboflavin A
410. Rifabutin E1
411. Rifampicin A, E1
412. Rifaximin C
413. Ringer Lactate A
414. Risperidone C
415. Ritonavir boosted Lopinavir E1
416. Rituximab D
417. Rotavirus Vaccine A
418. Salbutamol (Sulphate) A
419. Salicylic acid A
420. Saline A
421. Sevoflurane C
422. Silver sulfadiazine A
423. Simvastatin A
424. Sodium bicarbonate A
425. Sodium bicarbonate/ glycerin A
426. Sodium calcium edetate C
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES

427. Sodium chloride A, C


428. Sodium chromoglycate C
429. Sodium fluoride A
430. Sodium nitrite C
431. Sodium thiosulphate C
432. Sorafenib D
433. Sotalol C
434. Spironolactone A
435. Streptokinase A
436. Streptomycin A
437. Succimer D
438. Sulfasalazine C
439. Suxamethonium chloride C
440. Tacrolimus D
441. Tacrolimus/pimecrolimus C
442. Tamoxifen C
443. Tenofovir E1
444. Tenofovir + Emtricitabine + Efavirenz E1
445. Tenofovir + Lamivudine E1
446. Tenofovir + Lamivudine + Efavirenz E1
447. Testosterone ester C
448. Tetanus immunoglobulin (Human origin) B
449. Tetanus vaccine A
450. Tetracaine (Hydrochloride) D
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
451. Tetracycline A
452. Thalidomide D
453. Theophylline A
454. Thiamine (Hydrochloride) A, B
455. Thiopental C
456. Thioguanine D
457. Timolol (maleate) A
458. Tincture Opium E2
459. Tiotropium bromide inhaler B
460. Tolnaftate A
461. Topiramate D
462. Total parenteral nutrition C
463. Tramadol C
464. Tranexamic acid A
465. Travoprost D
466. Tretinoin/ all trans retinoic acid D
467. Tropicamide C
468. Typhoid, Paratyphoid A and B Vaccine A
with Vi antigen
469. Valproic acid A
470. Valganciclovir D
471. Vancomycin D
472. Varicella vaccine E1
473. Vecuronium bromide C
NLEM Myanmar 2016 78
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NO ITEMS CATEGORIES
474. Verapamil (Hydrochloride) A, C
475. Vinblastine C
476. Vincristine C
477. Vinorelbine D
478. Vitamin B Complex A
479. Voriconazole D, E2
480. Warfarin Sodium C
481. Water for Injection A
482. Yellow Fever Vaccine C
483. Zidovudine + Lamivudine E1
484. Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Nevirapine E1
485. Zinc Sulphate A
486. Zoledronic-1A D

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ADDING ITEMS (183) TO YEAR (2010) BOOK

1. ACTH 23. Calcipotriol


2. Abacavir + Lamivudine 24. Capecitabine
3. Acarbose 25. Caspofungin
4. Adenosine 26. Cefazolin
5. Aluminium Hydroxide + 27. Cefotaxime
Magnesium Hydroxide 28. Cefoperazone + Sulbactam
6. Amino Acid Solution 29. Cholera Vaccine
7. Ampicillin 30. Ciclosporin
8. Anastrozole 31. Cisatracurium
9. Antithymocyte Globulin 32. Cisplatin
10. Arsenic trioxide 33. Clarithromycin
11. Artemether + Lumefantrine 34. Clobetasol
12. Atazanavir boosted Lopinavir 35. Clonazepam
13. Atovaquone + Proguanil 36. Cytarabine
14. Baclofen 37. Danazol
15. Bambuterol 38. Dasatinib
16. Bendamustine 39. Deferasirox
17. Betamethasone + Neomycin 40. Deferiprone
18. Bevacizumab 41. Desferrioxamine mesylate
19. Bortezomib 42. Dextromethorphan
20. Brimonidine 43. Digibind
21. Budesonide 44. Dihydroartemisinin +
22. Busulfan Piperaquine

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45. Diphtheria Antitoxin 67. Folinic acid


46. DPT+ Hep B + Hib Vaccine 68. Fusidic acid
47. Dipyridamole 69. Gabapentin
48. Docetaxel 70. Gadolinium
49. Drotaverine 71. Ganciclovir
50. Eltrombopag 72. Gemcitabine
51. Enoxaparin 73. Glucagon
52. Epirubicin 74. Glycerin suppository
53. Escitalopram 75. Glycopyrrolate
54. Eusol 76. Granulocyte colony
55. Felodipine stimulating factor
56. Fenofibrate 77. Griseofulvin
57. Filgrastim 78. Hepatitis A vaccine
58. Flecainide 79. Hexanios
59. Fluocinolone ac 80. Hydroxycarbamide
60. Fludarabine 81. Hydroxychloroquine
61. Fludrocortisone 82. Ibuprofen
62. Fluocinolone acetonide 83. Idarubicin
63. Fluorometholone 84. Imatinib
64. Flutamide 85. Imiquimod
65. Fluticasone propionate 86. Immunoglobulin
inhaler 87. Indapamide
66. Fluticasone propionate + 88. Irinotecan
Salmeterol inhaler 89. Insulin glargine
NLEM Myanmar 2016 81
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90. Iopamidol 111. Meropenem


91. Ipratropium bromide 112. Mesna
inhaler 113. Metaraminol
92. Isoniazid + Ethambutol 114. Methoxypsoralen
93. Isoniazid + Rifampicin + ointment
Ethambutol 115. Methylphenidate
94. Isoniazid + Rifampicin + 116. Methylthioninium
Pyrazinamide chloride
95. Itraconazole 117. Metolazone
96. Ivermectin 118. Mitomycin - C
97. Lamotrigine 119. Mitoxantrone
98. Lenalidomide 120. Mometasone
99. Letrozole 121. Montelukast
100. Levetiracetam 122. Moxifloxacin
101. Lidocaine + Epinephrine 123. Mycophenolate mofetil
102. Linezolid 124. Naproxen
103. Liposomal Amphotericin 125. Nitrofurantoin
104. Lithium carbonate 126. Nitrous Oxide + Oxygen
105. Loperamide 127. Octreotide
106. Loratadine 128. Oestrogen Cream
107. Loteprednol etabonate 129. Olanzapine
108. Leuprolide acetate 130. Oxaliplatin
(Lupron-depot) 131. Oxymetholone
109. Magnesium oxide 132. Paclitaxel Powder
110. Melfalan 133. Pamidronate
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134. Pantoprazole 156. Sevoflurane


135. P-aminosalicylic acid 157. Sodium Calcium
136. Perindopril Edetate
137. Pioglitazone 158. Sodium Chromoglycate
138. Piperacillin with 159. Sorafenib
tazobactam 160. Sotalol
139. Pneumococcal Vaccine 161. Succimer
140. Polyethylene Glycol 162. Tacrolimus
Powder for Solution 163. Tacrolimus/ pimecrolimus
141. Potassium Iodide 164. Tenofovir + Emtricitabine
142. Praziquantel + Efavirenz
143. Propafenone 165. Tenofovir + Lamivudine
144. Protamine Sulfate 166. Tenofovir + Lamivudine
145. Rasburicase + Efavirenz
146. Recombinant Factor VIII 167. Thalidomide
147. Recombinant Factor IX 168. Thioguanine
148. Repaglinide 169. Tiotropium bromide
149. Rifabutin inhaler
150. Rifaximin 170. Tolnaftate
151. Risperidone 171. Topiramate
152. Ritonavir boosted 172. Total Parenteral Nutrition
Lopinavir 173. Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
153. Rituximab 174. Travoprost
154. Rotavirus Vaccine 175. Tretinoin/ all trans
155. Saline Retinoic Acid

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176. Varicella Vaccine


177. Vinorelbine
178. Voriconazole
179. Water for Injection
180. Zidovudine + Lamivudine
181. Zidovudin + Lamivudine
+ Nevirapine
182. Zinc Sulphate
183. Zoledronic -1 A

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DELETING ITEMS (38) FROM YEAR (2010) BOOK

1. Atenolol 23. Lugol’s Iodine


2. Azathioprine 24. Mefloquine
3. Benzalkonium Chloride 25. Metoclopramide
4. Cetrimide 26. Norethisterone
5. Celecoxib 27. Promethazine
6. Citrate Phosphate Dextrose 28. Pancuronium
Adenine 1 29. Pyridostigmine
7. Dextran 70 30. Phenytoin
8. Dextran 40 31. Prostaglandin F-2 alpha
9. Didanosine 32. Ritonavir
10. Diethylether 33. Saquinavir
11. Diloxanide furoate 34. Sodium Nitroprusside
12. Ethinylestradiol 35. Stavudine
13. Ethosuximide 36. Tinidazole
14. Fluphenazine 37. Xylometazoline
15. Glibenclamide 38. Zidovudine
16. Gliclazide
17. Glimepiride
18. Glipizide
19. Hydroxyurea
20. Indinavir
21. Iodine
22. Lamivudine

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TOTAL ITEMS OF 'A'


1. Acetazolamide 21. Barium Sulfate
2. Acetylcysteine 22. BCG Vaccine
3. Acyclovir 23. Beclomethasone
4. Acetylsalicylic Acid (Dipropionate)
5. Adenosine 24. Benzathine Penicillin
6. Albendazole 25. Benzhexol
7. Allopurinol 26. Benzoic Acid + Salicylic
8. Aluminium Hydroxide Acid
9. Aluminium Hydroxide + 27. Benzoin Tincture
Magnesium Hydroxide 28. Benzyl Benzoate
10. Aminophylline 29. Benzyl penicillin G
11. Amitriptyline 30. Betamethasone +
12. Amlodipine Neomycin
13. Amoxicillin 31. Bisacodyl
14. Amoxicillin + Clavulanic 32. Boric Acid / Spirit
Acid 33. Budesonide
15. Ampicillin 34. Bupivacaine
16. Anti -D Immunoglobulin 35. Calamine
17. Antisnake Venom Serum 36. Calcium Gluconate
(Cobra Antivenom) 37. Carbamazepine
18. Antisnake Venom Serum 38. Carbimazole
(Viper Antivenom) 39. Carbocysteine
19. Ascorbic Acid 40. Cephalexin
20. Atropine 41. Cetrizine

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42. Charcoal 63. Dexamethasone


43. Chloramphenicol 64. Dextromethorphan
44. Chlorhexidine 65. Dextrose
(Digluconate) 66. Dextrose and sodium
45. Chlorine based chloride
compound 67. Diazepam
46. Chloroquine 68. Diclofenac
47. Chloroxylenol 69. Diethylcarbamazine
48. Chlorpheniramine 70. Digoxin
49. Chlorpromazine 71. Diltiazem
(Hydrochloride) 72. Dimethicone
50. Chlorthalidone 73. Diphenhydramine
51. Clindamycin (Hydrochloride)
52. Clobetasol 74. Diphtheria Antitoxin
53. Clofazimine 75. DPT + Hep B + Hib
54. Clotrimazole Vaccine
55. Cloxacillin 76. Diphtheria, Pertussis
56. Coal tar and Tetanus Vaccine
57. Colchicine 77. Domperidone (maleate)
58. Comprox AC + Solution 78. Dopamine
dichlormetaxylenol 79. Doxycycline
59. Condoms 80. Drotaverine
60. Copper Intra-Uterine 81. Enalapril
Device (Cu-IUD) 82. Epinephrine
61. Cotrimoxazole 83. Ergocalciferol
62. Dapsone
NLEM Myanmar 2016 87
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84. Ergometrine (Hydrogen 105. Griseofulvin


maleate) 106. Haemophilus
85. Erythromycin influenzae B vaccine
86. Ethambutol 107. Haloperidol
87. Ethinyl estradiol + 108. Hepatitis B vaccine
Levonorgestrel 109. HPV Vaccination
88. Ethinyl estradiol + 110. Hydralazine
Norethisterone 111. Hydrochlorthiazide
89. Eusol 112. Hydrocortisone
90. Ferrous salt (sulfate, 113. Hydrogen peroxide
fumarate) 114. Hydroxocobalamin
91. Flucloxacillin 115. Hyoscine
92. Fluconazole (butylbromide)
93. Fluoxetine 116. Ibuprofen
(hydrochloride) 117. Indapamide
94. Fluticasone propionate 118. Insulin
95. Folic acid 119. Ipratropium bromide
96. Formaldehyde 120. Isoniazid
97. Fortified Procaine 121. Isosorbide Dinitrate
Penicillin G 122. Isosorbide Mononitrate
98. Framycetin 123. Japanese Encephalitis
99. Furosemide vaccine
100. Gentamicin 124. Ketamine
101. Glucagon (hydrochloride)
102. Glutaraldehyde 125. Ketoconazole
103. Glycerin suppository 126. Levamisole
104. Glyceryl trinitrate 127. Levodopa + Carbidopa
NLEM Myanmar 2016 88
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128. Levonorgestrel 150. Naloxone


129. Levothyroxine (sodium) 151. Naproxen
130. Lignocaine + Epinephrine 152. Neomycin
131. Lidocaine 153. Niclosamide
(hydrochloride) 154. Norepinephrine
132. Lithium carbonate 155. Norethisterone
133. Loratadine enanthate
134. Lorazepam 156. Norfloxacin
135. Magnesium hydroxide 157. Nystatin
136. Magnesium sulfate 158. Omeprazole
137. Mannitol 159. Oral Rehydration Salt
138. Measles vaccine 160. Oxygen
139. Measles/ Mumps/ 161. Oxytocin
Rubella vaccine
162. Paracetamol
140. Mebendazole
163. Permethrin
141. Medroxyprogesterone
164. Phenobarbital
(acetate)/ Depot
165. Phenoxymethyl penicillin
142. Metformin
166. Physiological saline
(hydrochloride)
167. Phytomenadione
143. Methyldopa
168. Pilocarpine (hydrochloride
144. Methylated spirit
or nitrate)
145. Metoprolol (tartrate)
146. Metronidazole 169. Pneumococcal vaccine
147. Miconazole 170. Poliomyelitis vaccine
148. Misoprostol 171. Potassium chloride
149. Multivitamin and 172. Potassium citrate
Mineral 173. Potassium iodide

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174. Potassium 198. Sodium bicarbonate


permanganate 199. Sodium bicarbonate/
175. Povidone Iodine glycerin
176. Pralidoxime 200. Sodium chloride
177. Praziquantel 201. Sodium fluoride
178. Prednisolone 202. Spironolactone
179. Primaquine 203. Streptokinase
180. Prochlorperazine 204. Streptomycin
181. Propranolol 205. Tetanus vaccine
182. Propylthiouracil 206. Tetracycline
183. Pyrazinamide 207. Theophylline
184. Pyridoxine 208. Thiamine
(hydrochloride) (hydrochloride)
185. Quinine 209. Timolol (maleate)
186. Rabies vaccine 210. Tolnaftate
187. Ranitidine 211. Tranexamic acid
(hydrochloride) 212. Typhoid, Paratyphoid
188. Retinol A and B vaccine with
189. Riboflavin Vi antigen
190. Rifampicin 213. Valproic acid
191. Ringer lactate 214. Verapamil
192. Rotavirus vaccine (hydrochloride)
193. Salbutamol (sulfate) 215. Vitamin B complex
194. Salicylic acid 216. Water for injection
195. Saline 217. Zinc sulfate
196. Silver sulfadiazine
197. Simvastatin
NLEM Myanmar 2016 90
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TOTAL ITEMS OF ' B '

1. 4FDC 24. Japanese Encephalitis


2. Amikacin vaccine
3. Amiloride 25. Lactulose
4. Ascorbic acid 26. Loperamide
5. Baclofen 27. Losartan
6. Bambuterol 28. Neostigmine
7. Betamethasone 29. Nicotinamide
8. Cefotaxime 30. Nifedipine retard
9. Cefuroxime 31. Nitrofurantoin
10. Chloroquine 32. Ondansetron
11. Cinnarizine 33. Pantoprazole
12. Clindamycin 34. Prazosin
13. Clonazepam 35. Rabies immunoglobulin
14. Clopidogrel 36. Tetanus immunoglobulin
15. Clotrimazole 37. Thiamine
16. Dobutamine 38. Tiotropium bromide
17. Epinephrine
18. Fludrocortisone
19. Fusidic acid
20. Gelatin infusion
21. Hydroxychloroquine
22. Isoniazid + Rifampicin
23. Isoniazid + Rifampicin +
Pyrazinamide

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TOTAL ITEMS OF ' C '

1. Acarbose 25. Cefotaxime


2. Acetylsalicylic acid 26. Ceftazidime
3. Alfacalcidol 27. Ceftriaxone
4. Amikacin 28. Chlorambucil
5. Amino acid solution 29. Chloramphenicol
6. Amiodarone 30. Chlorhexidine +
7. Amphotericin B Neomycin
8. Ampicillin 31. Cholera vaccine
9. Artesunate 32. Ciclosporin
10. Asparaginase 33. Cisatracurium
11. Atracurium 34. Cisplatin
12. Atropine 35. Clomiphene citrate
13. Azithromycin 36. Clomipramine
14. Bismuth subnitrate and 37. Codeine phosphate
iodoform 38. Cyclophosphamide
15. Bleomycin- C 39. Cycloserine
16. Brimonidine 40. Cytarabine
17. Bromocriptine 41. Dacarbazine (DTIC)
18. Busulfan 42. Dactinomycin
19. Calcipotriol 43. Danazol
20. Carboplatin 44. Daunorubicin
21. Carvedilol 45. Deferasirox
22. Cefaclor 46. Deferoxamine
23. Cefazolin 47. Desferrioxamine
24. Cefixime mesylate
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48. Dexamethasone 72. Imipenem + Cilastatin


49. Diclofenac 73. Immunoglobulin
50. Dimercaprol 74. Insulin Glargine
51. Doxorubicin 75. Isoflurane
52. Enoxaparin 76. Itraconazole
53. Ephedrine 77. Ivermectin
54. Ethionamide 78. Labetalol
55. Etoposide 79. Levofloxacin
56. Fenofibrate 80. Levonorgestrel
57. Fentanyl releasing implant
58. Fluocinolone acetonide 81. Lincomycin
59. Fluconazole 82. Lipid solution
60. 5-Fluorouracil 83. Lorazepam
61. Fluticasone propionate 84. Magnesium oxide
+ Salmeterol 85. Magnesium sulfate
62. Folinic acid 86. Melfalan
63. Gentamycin 87. Meningococcal vaccine
64. Glyceryl trinitrate 88. 6-Mercaptopurine
65. Glycopyrrolate 89. Meropenem
66. Halothane 90. Methotrexate
67. Heparin 91. Methoxypsoralen
68. Hepatitis A vaccine 92. Methylphenidate
69. Hepatitis B 93. Methylprednisolone
immunoglobulin 94. Metolazone
70. Hydrocortisone 95. Midazolam
71. Hydroxycarbamide 96. Montelukast
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97. Morphine 122. Sodium nitrite


98. Nifedipine retard 123. Sodium thiosulfate
99. Nikethamide 124. Sotalol
100. Nitrous oxide 125. Sulfasalazine
101. Olanzapine 126. Suxamethonium
102. Oxymetazoline chloride
103. Paracetamol 127. Tacrolimus /
104. P-aminosalicylic acid pimecrolimus
105. Penicillamine 128. Tamoxifen
106. Perindopril 129. Testosterone ester
107. Pethidine 130. Thiopental
108. Polyethylene glycol 131. Total parenteral nutrition
powder for solution 132. Tramadol
109. Polymyxin B + Neomycin 133. Tropicamide
110. Polymyxin + Bacitracin 134. Vecuronium bromide
+ Neomycin 135. Verapamil
111. Prednisolone 136. Vinblastine
112. Procarbazine 137. Vincristine
113. Propofol 138. Warfarin sodium
114. Propranolol 139. Yellow fever vaccine
115. Protamine sulfate
116. Rifaximin
117. Risperidone
118. Sevoflurane
119. Sodium calcium edetate
120. 3% Sodium chloride
121. Sodium chromoglycate
NLEM Myanmar 2016 94
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TOTAL ITEMS OF ' D '

1. Acyclovir 25. Filgrastim


2. Alprazolam 26. Finasteride
3. Anastrozole 27. Flecainide
4. Antithymocyte globulin 28. Fludarabine
5. Arsenic trioxide 29. Flumazenil
6. Atorvastatin 30. Flumethasone
7. Bendamustine 31. Fluorometholone
8. Bevacizumab 32. Flutamide
9. Bortezomib 33. Fluticasone
10. Caspofungin 34. Gabapentin
11. Cefixime 35. Gadolinium
12. Cefoperazone + 36. Ganciclovir
Sulbactam 37. Gemcitabine
13. Ciprofloxacin 38. Granulocyte colony
14. Clarithromycin stimulating factor
15. Capecitabine 39. Trastuzumab (Herceptin)
16. Dasatinib 40. Hexanios
17. Deferiprone 41. Idarubicin
18. Digoxin 42. Ifosfamide
19. Dipyridamole 43. Imatinib
20. Docetaxel 44. Imipenem + Cilastatin
21. Eltrombopag 45. Imiquimod
22. Epirubicin 46. Irinotecan
23. Escitalopram 47. Iopamidol
24. Felodipine 48. Lamotrigine

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49. Lenalidomide 72. Propafenone


50. Letrozole 73. Rasburicase
51. Levetiracetam 74. Repaglinide
52. Levofloxacin 75. Rituximab
53. Loteprednol etabonate 76. Sorafenib
54. Leuprolide Acetate 77. Succimer
(Lupron-Depot) 78. Tacrolimus
55. Mesna 79. Tetracaine
56. Methadone 80. Thalidomide
57. Methylthioninium 81. Thioguanine
chloride 82. Topiramate
58. Midazolam 83. Travoprost
59. Mitomycin -C 84. Tretinoin/ all trans
60. Mitoxantrone retinoic acid
61. Mometasone 85. Valganciclovir
62. Moxifloxacin 86. Vancomycin
63. Mycophenolate mofetil 87. Vinorelbine
64. Netilmicin 88. Voriconazole
65. Octreotide 89. Zoledronic -1A
66. Oxaliplatin
67. Oxymetholone
68. Paclitaxel
69. Pamidronate
70. Pioglitazone
71. Piperacillin with
tazobactam

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TOTAL ITEMS OF ' E1 '


1. Abacavir 21. Isoniazid + Rifampicin +
2. Abacavir+Lamivudine Pyrazinamide
3. Amikacin 22. Kanamycin
4. Artemether 23. Lopinavir
5. Artemether + 24. Magnesium sulfate
Lumefantrine 25. Moxifloxacin
6. Artesunate 26. Nevirapine
7. Atazanavir boosted 27. Ofloxacin
Lopinavir 28. P-aminosalicylic acid
29. Primaquine
8. Atovaquone + Proguanil
30. Recombinant factor VIII
9. Capreomycin
31. Recombinant factor IX
10. Ceftriaxone
32. Rifabutin
11. Chloroquine
33. Rifampicin
12. Clofazimine
34. Ritonavir boosted
13. Dapsone
Lopinavir
14. Dihydroartemisinin + 35. Tenofovir
Piperaquine 36. Tenofovir + Emtricitabine
15. Doxycycline + Efavirenz
16. Efavirenz 37. Tenofovir + Lamivudine
17. Human Papilloma Virus 38. Tenofovir + Lamivudine
Bivalent vaccine + Efavirenz
18. Isoniazid + Ethambutol 39. Varicella vaccine
19. Isoniazid + Rifampicin 40. Zidovudine + Lamivudine
20. Isoniazid + Rifampicin + 41. Zidovudine + Lamivudine
Ethambutol + Nevirapine
NLEM Myanmar 2016 97
Myanmar Essential Medicines Project

TOTAL ITEMS OF ' E2 '

1. ACTH
2. Albumin
3. Caspofungin
4. Digibind
5. Erythropoietin
6. Linezolid
7. Liposomal Amphotericin
8. Metaraminol
9. Nitrous oxide + Oxygen
10. Oestrogen
11. Ribavirin
12. Tincture opium
13. Voriconazole

NLEM Myanmar 2016 98

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