The Face Communication by Em Griffin Book
Face is an extension of self concept, a vulnerable, identity based resource and also public self-
image that claim him/herself to the society. Face negotiation theory helps explain cultural
differences in responses to conflict.
Face means of the project image of one’s self in a relational situation, it’s how we want others
to see us and treat us. Facework refers to “Specific verbal and non verbal messages that help to
maintain and restore face loss, and to uphold and honor face gain.”
Ting-Toomey’s has a theory that cultural knowledge, mindfulness, and facework interection skill
are the requirements for effectively communicating across cultures.
Knowladge, Ting-Toomey’s theory offers basic insights into collectivistic and individualistic
cultures, self-construals, face concerns, and conflict styles, all of which could help understand
others perspective. Mindfulness, shows a recognition that things are not always what they
seem. Interaction skill is ability to communicate appropriately, effectively, and adaptively in a
given situation.
By using the mutual skills, people might increase the face communication or face negotiation
skills.
Introduction to Littlejohn & Foss - Theories of Human Communication part 1 –
chapters 1 to 6
The semiotic tradition is what most people think of when they discuss theories of
communication. The triad of meaning concept has been very useful in numerous ways - it helps
explain why behavior modification works for various phobias etc. It is also obviously the
mainstay of many advertising campaigns.
Cybernetic tradition, system theory approach which I’m sure most of you are familiar with,
assuming that you have studied physiology
Sociopsychological tradition, tradition that similar that I described as the Cognitive and
behavioral genre in the Fundamental Propositions document
Sociocultural tradition, this in an area with which you unfamiliar. As Littlejohn and Foss say,
“sociocultural theories” posit idea that reality is not an objective of arrangements outside of us
but is constructed though a process of interaction in groups, communities, and cultures, I think
this category is equivalent to the Interactionist genre I discusses in the other document
Critical tradition, one important point that some people find difficult to grasp is that you do not
require those under study to espouse the beliefs within the particular critical story you might
be applying for situation, example feminist interpretation does not require feminists or even
women to be in situation under investigation
The Symbolic Convergence Theory six assumptions
1. Meaning, emoticon, and motive for action are in the content of message
2. Reality is created symbolically
3. Fantasy theme chaining creates symbolic convergence that is dramatic in form
4. Fantasy theme analysis is the basic method to capture symbolic reality
5. Fantasy themes occur in and chain out from all discourse
6. At least three master analogues, righteous, social, and pragmatic complete as
alternative explanations of symbolic reality
Cragan and Shield Identity four basic concepts of Social Convergence Theory
1. Fantasy Theme, main term of Social Convergence Theory, acts as the distributor of
symbolic cues, fantasy, types, and sagas
2. Symbolic Cues, are made up of a code, word, phrase, slogan, nonverbal sign
3. Fantasy Type, repeated fantasy theme
4. Saga, is an oft repeated telling of the achievements and events in the life of person,
group, organization, community, or nation