1. A vertical furnace wall is made up of an inner wall of firebrick 20 cm thick followed by insulating brick 15 cm thick and an outer wall of steel 1 cm thick. The surface temperature of the wali adjacent to the combustion chamber is 1200 °C while that of the outer surface of steel is 50 °C. The thermal conductivities of the wall material in W/m-K are: firebrick,10; insulating brick 0.26; and steel, 45. Neglecting the film resistances and contact resistance of joints, determine the heat loss per sq.m. of the wall area. a. 1.93 W/m? b. 2.93 W/m? 1.55 W/m? d. 2.55 W/m? 2. One insulated wall of a cold-storage compartment is 8 m long by 2.5 m high and consists of an outer steel plate 18 mm thick. An inner wood wall 22.5 mm. thick, the steel and wood are $0 mm apart to form a cavity which is filled with cork. If the temperature drop across the extreme faces of the composite wall is 15 °C. Calculate the heat transfer per hour through the wall and the temperature drop across the thickness of the cork. Take the coefficients of thermal conductivity for steel, cork and wood as 45, 0.045 and 0.18 W/m-K respectively. a. 608.24kJ, 12.12°C 508.24 kJ, 11.12°C 608.24 kJ, 13.12°C 508.24 kJ, 14.12°C aos 1. Aheat exchanger is to be designed for the following specifications: Hot gas temperature 1145 °C Cold gas temperature 45°C Unit surface conductance on the hot side 230 w/m?-K Unit surface conductance on the cold side 290 w/m?-K Thermal conductivity of the metal wall 115 w/m?-K Find the maximum thickness of the metal wall between the hot gas and cold gas so that the maximum temperature of the wall does not exceed 545°C. a. 10.115 mm 17.115 mm b, 13.115 mm. dd, 20.115 mm4. If the total resistance to heat flow of a composite wall is 3.0875 m*K/w. What is the over-all transfer coefficient of the wall? a. 0.324 W/m?-K c. 0.243 W/m?-K b. 0.423 W/m?-k .0.234 W/m?-K A pipe with an outside diameter of 2.5 in. insulated with a 2 inJayer of asbestos (k, ./hr-Ft-°F), followed by a layer 0.396 Btu of cork 1.5 in. thick (k,= 0.30 Btu-in/hr-ft oF). If the temperature of the outer surfa of the cork is 90 °F and pipe conveys 290 calculate the heat loss per 100 ft insulated pipe. a, 847.64 Btu/hr b, 3847.51 Btu/hr c. 2847.42 Btu/hr 1. A counterflow bank of boiler tubes has a total area of 900 ft? and its over- all efficiency of heat transfer is 13 Btu/hr-ft?-°F. Calculate the heat transferred if the log mean temperature difference is 1380 °F. 16,146,000 Btu/hr 17,147,000 Btu/hr 18,148,000 Btu/hr 15,145,000 Btu/hr a. b. c d. 2. A composite wall is made up of an external thickness of brickwork 110 mm thick inside which is a layer of fiberglass 75 mm thick. The fiberglass is faced internally by an insulating board 25 mm thick. The " coefficient’ of thermal conductivity for the three are as follows: Brickwork 1.5 W/mK Fiberglass 0.04 W/m?-K Insulating board 0.06 W/m?-K The surface transfer coefficients of the inside wall is 3.1 W/m?-K while that of the outside wall is 2.5 W/mK. Take the internal ambient temperature as 10 °C and the external temperature is 27 °C. Determine the heat loss through such wall 6 m high and 10 m long. a. 330.10w c. 430.10 w b. 230.10w d. 530.10 w is te ce *, of d. 1847.14 Btu/hr 2. The hot gas temperature in a heat exchanger is 350 °C (h, = 220 W/m2-K).. What is the surface temperature on the wall if the heat transferred is 1500 W/m?? a, 350°C b. 338°C c. 343 °C d. 358°C3, At an average temperature of 100 °C, 4, What is the external heating surface hot air flows through a 2.5 mlong tube _ area in square feet of a tube with the with an inside diameter of 50 mm. The _ following dimensions: tube inside temperature of the tube is 20 °C along diameter = 5 in. wall thickness = % in its entire length. Convective film length = 18 ft. coefficient is 20.1 W/m?-K. Determine the heat transfer from air to the tube. : eos , og a, 900w ©. 624w " “ b. 909w d.632w sw#1 An insulated steam pipe located where the ambient temperature is 32 °C, has an inside diameter of 50 mm with 10 mm thick wall. The outside diameter of the corrugated asbestos insulation is 125 mm and the surface coefficient of still air, h, = 12 W/m?-K. Inside the pipe is steam having a temperature of 150 °C with film coefficient h, = 6000 W/m?-K. Thermal conductivity of pipe and asbestos insulation are 45 and 0.12 W/m-K respectively. Determine the heat loss per unit length of pipe. a. 110 W c. 130 W b. 120 W d. 140 W 1. A thin square steel plate, 10cm 2. How many watts will be on a side is heated in a radiated from a spherical black blacksmiths forge to. a_- body 15 cm in diameter at a temperature of 800 °C. If the temperature of 800 °C? emissivity is 0.60, what is the total 3 5.34 KW 6.34 kW rate of radiation of energy? b. 4.34 kW d, 3.34 kW a. 900 W c. 300 W b. 400 W d. 700 W3. Calculate the radiation in watts per square centimeter from a block of copper at 200 °C and 1000 °C. The oxidized copper surface at 0.60 the rate of a black body. a. 0.17 b. 0.27 c. 0.37 d. 0.07 5. The temperature of the flame in a furnace is 1277 °C and the temperature of its surrounds is 277 °C. Calculate the maximum theoretical quantity of heat energy radiated per minute per square meter to the surrounding surface area. a. 19,321.65 k} b, 18,321.65 k) c. 17,321.65 kJ d, 16,321.65 kJ 7. The inner wall of a thermos bottle is at 0°C while the outer at 37°C, The space between the wall is evacuated and the walls are silvered so. the emissivity is reduced to 0.10. If each wall has an area of 700 cm?, how much energy is transformed by radiation between the walls each second? a. 146) ©.16.5) b. 1.04) d. 17.03) 4. A steam pipe having a surface temperature of 300 °C passes through a room where the temperature is 25 °C. The outside diameter of pipe is 100 mm and emissivity factor is 0.60. Determine the radiated heat loss for a 5 m pipe length, a. 5.34 kW ¢. 3.34 KW b. 4.34 kW d. 6.34 kW 6. A small sphere has a radius of 3.50 cm and is maintained at a temperature of 360 °C. Assuming it to be a black body surrounded by empty space, how much energy does it radiate each second? a. 30) c. 40) b. 35J d.45J1, What is the heat transfer in the glass surface area of 0.70 m? having an inside temperature of 25 °C and 13 °C outside temperature. The thickness of the glass surface is 0.007 m. The thermal conductivity is 1.8 W/m.K. a. 4.16 kW c. 2.16 kW b. 3.16 kW d. 1.16 kW 3, The thermal insulation of a woolen glove may be regarded as being essentially a layer of quiescent air 3 cm thick, of conductivity 5.7 x10° keal/m.s.°C. How much heat does a person lose per minute from his hand of area 200 cm? and skin temperature 35 °C ona winter at -5 °C? a. 6.12Cal/min ¢, 9.12 Cal/min b. 7.12Cal/min 8.12 Cal/min 5, Calculate the quantity of heat conducted per minute through a duralumin circular disc 127 mm diameter and 19 mm thick when the temperature drop across the thickness of the plate is 5°C. Take the coefficient of thermal conductivity of duralumin as 150 W/m.K. a. 30k) b. 40k) 35K 4.45 kd 2. What is the heat flow per hour through a brick and mortar wall 9 in. thick if the coefficient of thermal conductivity has been determined as 0.40 Btu/ft-hr-°F and the wall is 10% high by 6 ft wide, the temperature on one side of the surface being 330 °F and on the other 130 °F. a. 6400Btu/hr b. 7400 Btu/hr c. 5400 Btu/hr d. 8400 Btu/hr 4. A glass window has an area of 1.6 m? anda thickness of 4 mm. If one side is at a temperature of 6.80 °C and the other is at -5 °C, how much thermal energy flows through the window in a time of 24 hours? The thermal conductivity of glass is 1.89 x10-4 kCal/m-s-°C. a. 26,200 kCal ¢, 40,700 kCal b. 58,000 kCal d. 77,100 kCal 6. The interior of an oven in maintained at a temperature of 1500 °F by means of suitable control apparatus. The walls of the oven are 9 in. thick and constructed from a material having a thermal conductivity of 0.18 Btu/hr-ft-°F. Calculate the heat loss for each square foot of wall surface per hour. Assume that the inside and outside wall temperatures are 1500 and 400 °F respectively. a. 264 Btu/hr.ft? b. 364 Btu/hr.ft? b, 164 Btu/hrft? d. 64 Btu/hrft?7. A 30 cm thick wall has an inside and outside surface temperatures of 300 °C and 50 °C respectively. If the thermal conductivity of the wall is 8 W/m-K. Calculate the heat transferred kW/m? a. 6.67 c. 7.67 b. 5.67 d. 8.67 1. Calculate the energy transfer rate across 6 in. wall of firebrick with a temperature difference across the wall of 50 °C. Thermal conductivity of the firebrick is 0.65 Btu/hrft.°F at the temperature interest. a. 285 W/m2 b, 369 W/m? c.112 W/m? d. 429 W/m? 3. How much heat will flow in 24 hours through a plaster wall that is 0.5 in thick and 8 ftx14ft in area if the temperature is 80 °F on one side and 40 °F on the other. Use k = 3.25 Btu-in/hr-ft?-°F. a. 5.99x10°Btu b. 6.99x105Btu c. 7.99x10°Btu d. 4.99x10°Btu in 2. Calculate the heat transfer per hour through a solid brick wall 6 m long, 2.9 m high, and 225 mm thick, when the outer surface is at 5 °C and the inner surface 17 °C, the coefficient of — thermal conductivity of the brick being 0.6 W/m.K. a. 2,004.48 ki b. 3,004.48 ki c. 2,400.48 kJ d. 3,400.48 kJ 4, A cold storage compartment is 4.5 m long by 4m wide by 2.5 m high. The four walls, ceiling and floor are covered to a thickness of 150 mm with insulating material which has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 5.8 x10-2 W/m.K. Calculate the quantity of heat leaking through the insulation per hour when the outside and inside face temperatures of the material is 15 °C and -5 respectively. a, 2185.44k) —c, 3185.44kI b. 1185.44k) — d.4185.44kI5. A hollow sphere has an outside radius of 1m and is made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 1cm. A heat source inside keeps the inner surface 5.2°C hotter than the outside surface. How much power is produced by the heat source? The thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam is 0.033 W/m.°C. a. 200W c. 300 W b. 216W d. 316 W