CHARTED BY GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB

RECOGNIZED BY HEC

INDUSTRIALL TRAINING REPORT

AT

HANAN BUILDING SYSTEM

VAALNCIA TOWN LAHORE

Training Duration: 01.05.2019 to 31.10.2019

Submitted By:

Muhammad Umair Muslim

Reg.Number:F15 BSCT009

Submitted To:

Engr. Ali Ammar

Department Of Technology
 Abstract
The Industrial Training (I.T) program enables students to go out and gain more practical
knowledge of what they have been taught in school and to acquire industry based skills.

Office work procedure covering introduction to work ethics, architectural and structural drawing
was explained with the relevant signs and symbols representing various items on such drawing.

Site work of the project consist of the renovation of about five pre-existing building, the
construction of a one new building, road and drainage works, as well as external electrification
and landscaping of the premises.
 Acknowledgement

All praise is due to almighty Allah for his kind gesture, love, protection, wisdom, guidance,
endurance and the privilege given to me to undertake the program successfully and as well as
keeping me alive after the training.

My profound gratitude goes to the Director of Hanan Building System Engr. Zain Imran with
others for their readiness to provide appropriate support towards the successful completion of the
I.T program. May almighty God continue to be with them, bless and favour them abundantly till
the end of their life time.

My appreciation also goes to Engr. Ali Ammar. I am able to make this report due to
encouragement, enthusiasm and persistence. I am extremely obliged to his, for it was purely due
to his scholarly thinking and reinforcing ideas that I could remain persistent in my efforts. His
criticism and suggestions were always designed to eliminate the superfluous & ambiguous
matter, thus enabling my project activities well goal directed.

Finally, I appreciate the support of my beloved parents I sincerely & earnestly pay humble &
heartedly thanks to my affectionate parents who not supported me financially & morally but also
inspired me to higher ideas of life, specially mother who has always put me first.
 Dedication
Dedicated to our adorable & affectionate parents, to whom shall we never return their love &
sacrifices, to our beloved teachers. The institute to whom we are very thankful i.e. Global
Institute Lahore, their motivation, stipulated vision and thoughtful suggestions have been a
constant source of inspiration & it is their prayers which have bought us success in completion of
this one of its kind project.
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER 1:

1.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………….…....6

1.2 Aims & Objectives of Industrial Training……………….………………….…….7

1.3 Scope of the report………………………………………………………………..7

CHAPTER 2:

2.1 Introduction to General Arrangments…………………………………………….8

2.2 Engineering Analysis……………………………………………………………..8

2.3 Engineering Drawings……………………………………………………………8

2.4 Design Process……………………………………………………………………9

CHAPTER 3:

3.1 The Relevant experience gained in the field of study……………………………10

3.2 Office Work………………………………………………………………………10

Types of buildings…………………………………………………………………….10

3.4 Site Work…………………………………………………………………………11

3.5 Test of concrete…………………………………………………………………..17

3.6 The experience gained during the time of construction field…………………….18

3.7 Problem encountered during this programme on site…………………………….18

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………19

Refrences……………………………………………………………………………..20
CHAPTER 1:

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The industrial training (I.T) program is designed to acquaint students with the practical or hands-
on knowledge of the past, present and the future. By the past, it affords the student an
opportunity to witness practically what they have read in books i.e. the reality of the 100%
assumption of the theories. It also affords students the current knowledge of what the field works
is all about, getting familiar with new advancement in technology. The future refers to
foreknowledge of what should be expected when he/she begins to practice the profession

Furthermore, it avails the students an opportunity to learn inter-and intra personal relationship,
administrative skills, site management identification of equipment among other opportunities.

This report entails some of the experience I was able to acquire in my short period of attachment.

1.1.1 Location and Brief Background of Hanan Building System

The head office of Hanan Building System was opened on 10th April 2017,It is presently situated
at Valencia Town Lahore,

Hanan Building System was established and registered by Engr.Zain Imran as an organization.

Hanan Building System is capable of providing multi – disciplinary consultancy services in the
field of engineering, design, planning, and quality management.

Hanan Building System provides services in the following major fields of specialization.

 DESIGN OF BUILDING STRUCTURES (Residential buildings, Industrial buildings,

Commercial buildings, Hospital etc.)
 TRANSPORTATION STUDIES, PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT (Roads, Harbors,
Airports, Bridges, etc.)
 WATER DEVELOPMENT INFRASTRUCTURE (Studies, Designs from source to
Distribution of Dams and Associated Structures, Irrigation and Water Resources
Management).
 MUNICIPAL ENGINEERING WORKS (Study, Planning and Design of Infrastructure,
Water and Waste Disposal Systems, Sewage and other Infrastructural Facilities).
 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (Roads, Buildings).
 Civil Engineering Project supervision.

The organization strives to consult with experience and integrity in many fields of engineering
and offer services which combine a broad technical background with view, to protecting the
interest of client and ensuring superior engineering work at reasonable cost. The company
endeavors to diligently meet the needs of clients in both the public and private sectors using the
latest and the most advanced techniques in engineering.
The company utilizes inputs from its vast reservoir of talents as at when required. The search for
additional inputs are not restricted to Pakistan alone, but extended to foreign counterpart when it
is absolutely necessary.
This explains why Hanan Building System is able to accept and successfully execute a wide
range of engineering services.
1.2 The Objective Of The Industrial Training Program Includes:
 It gives student the opportunity of putting some of their skills in to practices.
 It Provides students with the opportunity to apply their knowledge in real work situation
thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice.
 It Exposes students to handling of equipment and machinery that may not be readily
available in their institutions of learning.
 It serves as a link between student and industry.
 It enables student to interpret some technical terms more easily.
 It provides student the opportunity to prepare for employment after graduation.
1.3 Scope Of The Report:
The scope of this report is basically to present in details, the various activities carried out by me
at Hanan Building System, both the site work and office work as well as provide the general
background knowledge about the aspects of Civil Engineering applied while undergoing the I.T
programme.
CHAPTER 2

2.1 Introduction To General Arrangements:

The general arrangement drawing shows the combination of all structural elements like beam,
slab, column, foundation layout, etc. Layout drawings, commonly known as general arrangement
drawing (or GA) are developed over a period of time and coordinated from dimensional
information provided by the architect, engineer and specialists. The dimensions should be
checked and approved before commencing the detailing of reinforcement.

General Arrangement (GA) drawings must be fully dimensioned, with sufficient sections and
details, and should show or reference all necessary service ducts, provisions for ducts and cast
fittings.

2.2 Methods of preparing General Arrangement Drawing For Concrete

Structure:

Projects vary in size and complexity. It is important to select a scale that will enable the final
drawing to be read with clarity and relative ease. Large floor areas can be spread over several
drawings and linked and referenced by means of key plans. Local complexities, such as
staircases, can be isolated and referenced to a larger scale drawing.

2.2.1 Engineering Analysis:

Engineering analysis strictly refers to the examination of the various engineering components in
a certain system operating on a small, medium, or large-scale basis. Engineering is a significant
stream of science and hence this type of an analysis should never fail to include a scientific
approach. The analysis is mainly conducted to assess the state of functioning of a particular
machine or system that has been engineered with technologies to serve a variety of human
purposes. The utility of any machine or system is determined by its ability to meet the needs and
demands of man and his work environment and the analysis should, hence, be focused on the
essentialities of the corresponding approach of engineering.
 The nature of the engineering analysis should be such that it includes the process of
data collection, observation, and drawing of inferences in a sequential manner, as is the case for
any scientific analysis. The components should be thoroughly studied and analysis done on the
basis of the standard theories and general rules of engineering that are universally applicable and
acceptable as well. An engineering analysis is often performed before the launch of a certain
product as well, for the manufacturing company and the distributors, creditors, shareholders and
also the potential clients to be assured that the respective system has been engineered well
according to the requirements and as per the conventions of the respective approach.

 The basic requirement of any successful engineering analysis is to ensure that it is strictly
based on theories and not on any assumptions or estimates.
 The analysis should thoroughly involve the study of the various parts and components of a
particular system.
 Data should be collected properly as any error might cause severe damage to the system and
should be represented clearly for future reference.
 Engineering analyses should be very deep in approach to ensure the detection of any faults
present in the system, since the lack of recognition of such problems may lead to serious
problems for the concerned parties.

2.3 ENGINEERING DESIGN

Most engineering designs can be classified as inventions-devices or systems that are created by
human effort and did not exist before or are improvements over existing devices or systems.
Inventions, or designs, do not suddenly appear from nowhere. They are the result of bringing
together technologies to meet human needs or to solve problems.
Sometimes a design is the result of someone trying to do a task more quickly or
efficiently. Design activity occurs over a period of time and requires a step-by-step methodology.
Engineers are described primarily as problem solvers. What distinguishes design from
other types of problem solving is the nature of both the problem and the solution. Design
problems are open ended in nature, which means they have more than one correct solution. The
result or solution to a design problem is a system that possesses specified properties.
Solving design problems is often an iterative process: As the solution to a design problem
evolves, are find himself continually refining the design. While implementing the solution to a
design problem, it may be discovered that the solution developed is unsafe, too expensive, or will
not work. are then "goes back to the drawing board" and modify the solution until it meets the
requirements. Design activity is therefore cyclic or iterative in nature, whereas analysis problem
solving is primarily sequential.
The solution to a design problem does not suddenly appear in a vacuum. A good solution
requires a methodology or process. There are probably as many processes of design as there are
engineers. Therefore, this lesson does not present a rigid "cookbook" approach to design but
presents a general application of the five-step problem-solving methodology associated with the
designprocess. The process described here is general, and you can adapt it to the particular
problem you are trying to solve.
2.4 The Design Process:
The basic five-step process usually used in a problem-solving works for design problems as well.
Since design problems are usually defined more vaguely and have a multitude of correct
answers, the process may require backtracking and iteration. Solving a design problem is a
contingent process and the solution is subject to unforeseen complications and changes as it
develops.
The five steps used for solving design problems are:
1. Problem definition: This usually involves a list of the product or customer requirements and
specially information about product functions and features among other things.
2. Date gathering: A survey regarding the availability of similar products in the market should
be performed at this stage.
3. Possible solutions: Once the details of the design are clearly identified, the design team with
inputs from test, manufacturing, and marketing teams generates multiple alternatives to
achieve the goals and the requirements of the design.
4. Analyze and select best option: Considering cost, safety, and other criteria for selection, the
more promising alternatives are selected for further analysis.
5. Test and implement the solution: A prototype of the design is constructed and functional tests
are performed to verify and possibly modify the design.
CHAPTER 3
3.1 The Relevant Experience Gained In The Field Of Study:
The work experience gained from the 12 mouths I.T program was based on the various kinds of
services, rendered by Hanan Building System Ltd. done in the office and on site. These were
listed are part of table of contents which was discussed one after the other.
3.2 Office Work:
Office work involved an introduction to work ethics, structural design, architectural and
structural drawing. In view of these, relevant signs and symbols representing various items on
such drawing were explained.
Furthermore the use of computer drafting and designing software were subsequently
taught. This software includes, AutoCAD, Orion, RCD etc. In the course of the introduction to
architectural and structural drawing the following building types based on given criteria were
identified;
3.3 TYPE OF BUILDINGS
In terms of structural framing, a building can be categorized as:
A. A framed building and
B. A non-framed building
3.3.1 Framed Buildings
A framed building consists of slabs carried by the beams, which are in turn supported by the
columns. The columns transmit the load through the foundation to the soil. For all practical
purposes, any building exceeding twostoreys must necessarily be framed irrespective of all
foundation soil bearing strata. In the framing operation, the load path must be considered as well
as the wind-resisting elements.
3.3.2 Non-framed building
A non-framed building is a building that is supported on load bearing walls and they are limited
to two-storeys only (that is, with rooms at ground floor and one suspended floor). When a
building is to be of three storeys or more, there is the tendency for the lower walls to crumble
under load. Hence, such buildings must necessarily be framed. On the other hand, a bungalow or
two-storey buildings to be built on a marshy soil must be framed since the foundation would be
either a raft foundation or a pad foundation. A building on load bearing wall means implies that
the loads are transferred through the load bearing walls to the foundation structure. Such walls
should have good strength and preferably machine molded with number of blocks per bag
ranging between 25 and 30. The sand should be sharp and not too coarse. Very coarse sharp sand
can be mixed with ordinary sharp sand in the ratio of 3:1 in favour of the coarse sharp sand.
Experience has shown that very coarse sharp sand develops early strength but relapses later. This
is perhaps due to the tiny holes which may have been created during molding.
3.4 Site Work
Site work for the training period was rehabilitation of pre-existing houses. The project consists of
renovation of five pre-existing buildings, the construction of one new building, road and draining
works as well as external electrification and landscaping of the premises.
To this end team of engineers were deployed from Director of Hanan Building System
Ltd. As consultant to ensure adherence to design specifications.
One of the newly constructed building was the residential building which is a reinforce concrete.
building with dimensions 12.2m by 6.1m lined with brick/red bricks to enable the structure
withstand the heat form combustion.
In the course of these new construction works; the following stages of work were identified and
carried out;
 Site clearing: before the commencement of the construction works in any site, it is necessary
And essential to clear the top soil (vegetable soil) and from the land upon which structure itself
will stand.
 Setting out: after the site clearance has completed the setting out of the incinerator building
was carried out to ensure uniform and accurate measurement to mark point to the excavation on
the ground by the uses of pegs, line, nail, harmer and profile. There are three method of setting
out which are;
 3:4:5 Method
 Builder square
 Theodolite
 Excavation: after the setting out was completed, the excavation of the entire setting out area
was carried out to the depth of 1.2m. Thereafter the leveling instrument was used to
determine the spot height of excavation area to ensure the same level was achieved at all
points.
 Iron work/reinforcement: the iron benders does the cutting, bending, and arrangement of
reinforcement depending on the directive of the site engineer based on the structural detailing
and drawing provided in the design.

Fig. 1 shows the arrangement, cutting and bending of reinforcement for RC incinerator
foundation base that in progress with the uses of Y12 @ 200 c/c top and bottom. While
Y16 bar is used for RC wall starter bar connected to reinforcement of foundation.

A B
Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of reinforcement for R.C wall, with the uses o Y16 @
200 c/c for main bar while Y12 @ 200 c/c used for distribution bar.
 A B

Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of reinforcement for Rib beam at roof slab, with the uses
5y16 for the main bar while Y10 @ 200 c/c used for the stirrup.

Fig. 4 shows the placing of BRC wire mesh type A193 as top bar for the Roof Slab.

Construction of formwork and scaffolding by the carpenters: In the construction site under study
in this report, the marine plywood form work was used to cast RC building. These plywood
formworks have been constructed by the carpenters to the required dimensions and placed over
the reinforcement with the concrete cover. Besides the construction of formworks, the carpenters
also introduced bracing to support the formworks and also took the responsibility of removing
them with the formworks after casting.

Fig. 5 shows the construction of the panel used for formwork of RC building, with the use
of half inch thick marine plywood, with full length of 2.2m/1.2m and 2/3 plank. The marine
plywood was constructed in segment of four panels of 600 each panel to the other.

The incinerator building was casted using concrete batch 1:2:4. Then the changing room DPC
was casted using concrete batch 1:2:4. A vibrator machine was used to vibrate/disturb the
concrete to eliminate honeycomb.

Fig. 6 A vibrator machine

The changing room was constructed with blocks arranged to form walls to a height of 3.3m in
line with the architectural drawings. At the incinerator, burnt/brick/red brick was laid in between
the roof beam to enable the structure withstands the heat from combustion.

Fig. 7. The changing room under construction.

A B
Fig.8. Burnt brick/redbrick laid in between the roof beam.
TEST OF CONCRETE

The following are some of the important tests conducted on concrete:

1. Slump test.

2. Compaction factor test.

3. Crushing strength test.

Crushing Strength Test was adopted on site, Metallic molds of size 150 mm × 150 mm × 150
mm are used for casting concrete cubes. Before filling mold, it was properly oiled on its inner
surfaces, so that cubes can be easily separated. Fresh cube was filled with concrete to be tested in
3 layers and kept in the room. After 24 hours, cube is removed from the mold and kept under
water for curing. After seven days of curing, cubes was tested in the compression testing
machine. In this test cubes was placed over the smooth surface which was in contact with side
plates of mold. The crushing load is noted and crushing strength was found as load divided by
surface area (150 × 150 mm2).

Code specify the desirable strength of concrete for 3 days and 7 days for quick
assessment of strength of concrete.

Mold fill with concrete Crushing strength test Machine

3.5 The experience gained during the time of construction field includes:

 Quality control of building construction.

 Understanding how to interpret the both structural and architectural drawing on site.
 Understanding how to use the leveling instrument ( Theodolite ).
 Understanding how to use the plum bomb.
 Handling and organization of manpower (i.e. Labourers) for construction activities.

3.6 Problem encountered during this programme on site

 Inadequate safety equipment for the workers on site
 Poor attention to time by site workers
 Misunderstanding between the artisans resulting to stoppage of work on site
 Construction during raining season prone to work delay
 Poor logistics/material management resulting in delay of work.
 Conclusion
In conclusion, there were many things that I have experienced and learned during the twelve
month of my Industrial Training at Hanan Building System Limited. The whole training period
was very interesting, instructive and challenging.

Through this training I was able to gain new insights and more comprehensive
understanding about the real industry working condition and practice. The twelve month
placement also has provided me the opportunities to develop and improve my functional skills.
All of these valuable experiences and knowledge that I have gained were not only acquired
through the direct involvement in task given but also through other aspect of the training such as
work observation, interaction with colleagues, superior, and other people related to the field.

From what I have undergone, I am very sure that the industrial training program has achieved its
entire primary objectives. It also the best way to prepare students to face the real working life. As
a result of the program now I am more confident to build my future career.
 References
IStrutE/Concrete Society (2006), Standard Method of Detailing Structural Concrete Design, 3rd
Edition United Kingdom.

Oyenuga V. (2004), Fundamentals of Reinforced Concrete Design, Asros Ltd., Lagos.