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Question 1. What Is Amazon Web Services In Devops?
Answer :
AWS provides services that help you practice DevOps at your company and that are
built first for use with AWS. These tools automate manual tasks, help teams manage
complex environments at scale, and keep engineers in control of the high velocity
that is enabled by DevOps.

Question 2. What Is The Role Of A Devops Engineer?

Answer :

There�s no formal career track for becoming a DevOps engineer. They are either
developers who get interested in deployment and network operations, or sysadmin who
have a passion for scripting and coding, and move into the development side where
they can improve the planning of test and deployment.

Question 3. What Is Devops With Cloud Computing?

Answer :

Inseparable development and operations practices are universally relevant. Cloud

computing, agile development, and DevOps are interlocking parts of a strategy for
transforming IT into a business adaptability enabler. If cloud is an instrument,
then DevOps is the musician that plays it.

Question 4. Why Do We Use Aws For Devops?

Answer :

There are many benefits of using AWS for DevOps, thery are:

Get Started Fast � Each AWS service is ready to use if you have an AWS account.
There is no setup required or software to install.
Fully Managed Services � These services can help you take advantage of AWS
resources quicker. You can worry less about setting up, installing, and operating
infrastructure on your own. This lets you focus on your core product.
Built for Scale � You can manage a single instance or scale to thousands using AWS
services. These services help you make the most of flexible compute resources by
simplifying provisioning, configuration, and scaling.
Programmable � You have the option to use each service via the AWS Command Line
Interface or through APIs and SDKs. You can also model and provision AWS resources
and your entire AWS infrastructure using declarative AWS Cloud Formation templates.
Automation � AWS helps you use automation so you can build faster and more
efficiently. Using AWS services, you can automate manual tasks or processes such as
deployments, development & test workflows, container management, and configuration
management.
Secure � Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to set user permissions and
policies. This gives you granular control over who can access your resources and
how they access those resources.
Large Partner Ecosystem � AWS supports a large ecosystem of partners which
integrate with and extend AWS services. Use your preferred third-party and open
source tools with AWS to build an end-to-end solution.
Pay-As-You-Go � With AWS purchase services as you need them and only for the period
when you plan to use them. AWS pricing has no upfront fees, termination penalties,
or long term contracts. The AWS Free Tier helps you get started with AWS.
Question 5. What Is Devops Tooling By Aws?

Answer :

AWS provides services that help you practice DevOps at your company and that are
built first for use with AWS. These tools automate manual tasks, help teams manage
complex environments at scale, and keep engineers in control of the high velocity
that is enabled by DevOps.

Question 6. How Do You Handle Continuous Integration And Continuous Delivery In Aws
Devops?

Answer :

The AWS Developer Tools help you securely store and version your application�s
source code and automatically build, test, and deploy your application to AWS or
your on-premises environment.

Start with AWS Code Pipeline to build a continuous integration or continuous

delivery workflow that uses AWS Code Build, AWS Code Deploy, and other tools, or
use each service separately.

Question 7. What Is Aws Code Pipeline In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Pipeline is a continuous integration and continuous delivery service for
fast and reliable application and infrastructure updates. Code Pipeline builds,
tests, and deploys your code every time there is a code change, based on the
release process models you define. This enables you to rapidly and reliably deliver
features and updates.

Question 8. What Is Aws Code Build In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Build is a fully managed build service that compiles source code, runs
tests, and produces software packages that are ready to deploy. With Code Build,
you don�t need to provision, manage, and scale your own build servers. Code Build
scales continuously and processes multiple builds concurrently, so your builds are
not left waiting in a queue.

Question 9. What Is Aws Code Deploy In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Deploy automates code deployments to any instance, including Amazon EC2
instances and on-premises servers. AWS Code Deploy makes it easier for you to
rapidly release new features, helps you avoid downtime during application
deployment, and handles the complexity of updating your applications.

Question 10. What Is Aws Code Star In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Star enables you to quickly develop, build, and deploy applications on
AWS. AWS Code Star provides a unified user interface, enabling you to easily manage
your software development activities in one place. With AWS Code Star, you can set
up your entire continuous delivery tool chain in minutes, allowing you to start
releasing code faster.

Question 11. How Instacart Uses Aws Devops?

Answer :

Instacart uses AWS Code Deploy to automate deployments for all of its front-end and
back-end services. Using AWS Code Deploy has enabled Instacart developers to focus
on their product and worry less about deployment operations.

Question 12. How Lulu Lemon Athletic Uses Aws Devops?

Answer :

Lulu lemon athletic uses a variety of AWS services to engineer a fully automated,
continuous integration and delivery system. Lulu lemon deploys artifacts
distributed via Amazon S3 using AWS Code Pipeline. From this stage, the artifacts
are deployed to AWS Elastic Beanstalk.

Question 13. What Is Amazon Elastic Container Service In Aws Devops?

Answer :

Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) is a highly scalable, high performance

container management service that supports Docker containers and allows you to
easily run applications on a managed cluster of Amazon EC2 instances.

Question 14. What Is Aws Lambda In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. With Lambda,
you can run code for virtually any type of application or backend service � all
with zero administration. Just upload your code and Lambda takes care of everything
required to run and scale your code with high availability.

Question 15. What Are Aws Developer Tools?

Answer :

The AWS Developer Tools is a set of services designed to enable developers and IT
operations professionals practicing DevOps to rapidly and safely deliver software.

Together, these services help you securely store and version control your
application�s source code and automatically build, test, and deploy your
application to AWS or your on-premises environment. You can use AWS Code Pipeline
to orchestrate an end-to-end software release workflow using these services and
third-party tools or integrate each service independently with your existing tools.

Question 16. What Is Code Commit In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Commit is a fully-managed source control service that makes it easy for
companies to host secure and highly scalable private Git repositories. Code Commit
eliminates the need to operate your own source control system or worry about
scaling its infrastructure. You can use Code Commit to securely store anything from
source code to binaries, and it works seamlessly with your existing Git tools.

Question 17. What Are The Benefits Of Aws Code Build In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Build is a fully managed build service that compiles source code, runs
tests, and produces software packages that are ready to deploy. With Code Build,
you don�t need to provision, manage, and scale your own build servers.

Code Build scales continuously and processes multiple builds concurrently, so your
builds are not left waiting in a queue. You can get started quickly by using
prepackaged build environments, or you can create custom build environments that
use your own build tools. With Code Build, you are charged by the minute for the
computer resources you use.

AWS Code Build Benefits:

Fully Managed Build Service � AWS Code Build eliminates the need to set up, patch,
update, and manage your own build servers and software. There is no software to
install or manage.
Continuous Scaling � AWS Code Build scales automatically to meet your build volume.
It immediately processes each build you submit and can run separate builds
concurrently, which means your builds are not left waiting in a queue.
Pay as You Go � With AWS Code Build, you are charged based on the number of minutes
it takes to complete your build.
Extensible � You can bring your own build tools and programming runtimes to use
with AWS Code Build by creating customized build environments in addition to the
prepackaged build tools and runtimes supported by Code Build.
Enables Continuous Integration and Delivery � AWS Code Build belongs to a family of
AWS Code Services, which you can use to create complete, automated software release
workflows for continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD). You can also integrate
Code Build into your existing CI/CD workflow.
Secure � With AWS Code Build, your build artifacts are encrypted with customer-
specific keys that are managed by the AWS Key Management Service (KMS). Code Build
is integrated with AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), so you can assign
user-specific permissions to your build projects.
Question 18. What Is Amazon Ec2 In Aws Devops?

Answer :

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides secure,
resizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale cloud
computing easier for developers.

Question 19. What Is Amazon S3 In Aws Devops?

Answer :

Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) is object storage with a simple web
service interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the
web.

Question 20. What Is Amazon Rds In Aws Devops?

Answer :
Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate,
and scale a relational database in the cloud.

Question 21. What Is Amazon Quick Sight In Aws Devops?

Answer :

Amazon Quick Sight is a fast, cloud-powered business analytics service that makes
it easy to build visualizations, perform ad-hoc analysis, and quickly get business
insights from your data.

Question 22. What Is Aws Iot In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS IoT is a managed cloud platform that lets connected devices easily and securely
interact with cloud applications and other devices.

Question 23. What Are The Benefits Of Aws Code Deploy In Aws Devops?

Answer :

AWS Code Deploy is a service that automates software deployments to a variety of

computer services including Amazon EC2, AWS Lambda, and instances running on-
premises.

AWS Code Deploy makes it easier for you to rapidly release new features, helps you
avoid downtime during application deployment, and handles the complexity of
updating your applications.

AWS Code Deploy Benefits:

Automated Deployments � AWS Code Deploy fully automates your software deployments,
allowing you to deploy reliably and rapidly. You can consistently deploy your
application across your development, test, and production environments whether
deploying to Amazon EC2, AWS Lambda, or instances running on-premises. The service
scales with your infrastructure so you can deploy to one Lambda function or
thousands of EC2 instances.
Minimize Downtime � AWS Code Deploy helps maximize your application availability
during the software deployment process. It introduces changes incrementally and
tracks application health according to configurable rules. Software deployments can
easily be stopped and rolled back if there are errors.
Centralized Control � AWS Code Deploy allows you to easily launch and track the
status of your application deployments through the AWS Management Console or the
AWS CLI. Code Deploy gives you a detailed report allowing you to view when and to
where each application revision was deployed.
Easy To Adopt � AWS Code Deploy is platform and language agnostic, works with any
application, and provides the same experience whether you�re deploying to Amazon
EC2 or AWS Lambda. You can easily reuse your existing setup code. Code Deploy can
also integrate with your existing software release process or continuous delivery
tool chain (e.g., AWS Code Pipeline, GitHub, and Jenkins).
Question 24. What Is Vpc?

Answer :

A virtual private cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to your AWS account.
You can configure or create your VPC as per requirement like select region, create
subnets (IP- CIDR), configure route tables, security groups, Internet gateway etc
to your AWS account By which you can launch your AWS resources, such as Amazon EC2,
RDS instances etc, into your VPC.

So basically you can say that Amazon VPC is the networking layer for AWS
Infrastructure.

Question 25. What Is Vpc Peering?

Answer :

A VPC peering connection is a networking connection between two VPCs that enables
you to route traffic between them using private IP addresses. And instances which
are in VPC can communicate with each other as if they are within the same network.
You can create a VPC peering connection between your own VPCs, or with a VPC in
another AWS account within a single region.
If you have more than one AWS account within a same region and wants to share or
transfer the data, you can peer the VPCs across those accounts to create a file
sharing network. You can also use a VPC peering connection to allow other VPCs to
access resources you have in one of your VPCs.
A VPC peering connection can help you to facilitate the transfer of data.
Question 26. What Is Vpc Endpoints?

Answer :

A VPC endpoint enables you to create a private connection between your VPC with
another AWS service without requiring access over the Internet, through a NAT
device, a VPN connection, or AWS Direct Connect. They are horizontally scaled,
redundant, and highly available VPC components that allow communication between
instances in your VPC and AWS services without imposing availability risks or
bandwidth constraints on your network traffic.

An endpoint enables instances in your VPC to use their private IP addresses to

communicate with resources in other services. Don�t require public IP addresses to
your instances, and you don�t need an Internet gateway, a NAT device, or a virtual
private gateway in your VPC.

Question 27. What Is Ebs (elastic Block Storage)?

Answer :

EBS is a virtualized SAN or storage area network. Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)
provides persistence block level storage volumes for use with EC2 instances. EBS
volumes are highly available and reliable storage volumes that can be attached to
any running instance that is in the same Availability Zone.

Question 28. What Is S3? What Is It Used For? Should Encryption Be Used In S3?

Answer :

Amazon S3 is stand for Simple storage service that is storage for the Internet. It
as a, �simple storage service that offers software developers a highly-scalable,
reliable, and low-latency data storage infrastructure at very low costs�.
Amazon S3 provides a simple web service interface which you can use to store and
retrieve any amount of data, at any time, from anywhere on the web. Using this web
service, developers can easily build applications that make use of Internet
storage.
You can think of it like ftp storage, where you can move files to and from there,
but not mount it like a file system. AWS automatically puts your snapshots there,
as well as AMIs there. Encryption should be considered for sensitive data, as S3 is
a proprietary technology developed by Amazon themselves, and as yet unproven vis-a-
vis a security standpoint.
Encryption should be considered for sensitive data, as S3 is a proprietary
technology developed by Amazon themselves, and yet to be proven from a security
standpoint.
Question 29. What Is An Ami?

Answer :

AMI stands for Amazon Machine Image. It is effectively a snapshot of the root
filesystem. AWS AMI provides the information required to launch an instance, which
is a virtual server in the cloud. You specify an AMI when you launch an instance,
and you can launch as many instances from the AMI as you need. You can also launch
instances from as many different AMIs as you need.

An AMI includes the following:

A template for the root volume for the instance (such as an operating system, an
application server, and applications).
Launch permissions that control which AWS accounts can use the AMI to launch
instances.
A block device mapping that specifies the volumes to attach to the instance when
it�s launched.
Build a new AMI by first spinning up and instance from a trusted AMI. Then adding
packages and components as required. Be wary of putting sensitive data onto an AMI.
For instance your access credentials should be added to an instance after spin up.
With a database, mount an outside volume that holds your Mysql data after spin up
as well.

Question 30. What Is The Relation Between Instance And Ami?

Answer :

An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a template that contains a software configuration

(for example, an operating system, an application server, and applications). From
an AMI, you launch an instance, which is a copy of the AMI running as a virtual
server in the cloud.

You can launch different types of instances from a single AMI. An instance type
determines the hardware of the host computer used for your instance. Each instance
type offers different compute and memory capabilities.

Question 31. What Automation Tools Can You Use To Spin Up Servers?

Answer :

Here below many types tools given any of the following tools can be used:

Roll-your-own scripts, and use the AWS API tools. Such scripts could be written in
bash, Perl or other language or your choice.
Use a configuration management and provisioning tool like Ansible, puppet or its
successor Opscode Chef Etc.
You might also look towards a tool like Scalr. Lastly you can go with a managed
solution such as Right scale.
Question 32. What Are The Different Deployment Models For Cloud?

Answer :

The different models are:

Private Cloud
Public Cloud
Hybrid Clouds
Question 33. What Is Auto-scaling? How Does It Work?

Answer :

Horizontally Scaling
Vertically Scaling
Auto scaling is a feature of AWS which allows you to configure and automatically
provision and spin up new instances without the need for your intervention. You can
do this by setting thresholds and metrics to monitor. When those thresholds are
crossed, a new instance of your choosing will be spun up, configured, and rolled
into the load balancer pool. You�ve scaled horizontally without any operator
intervention!

Vertically Scaling: This is an incredible feature of AWS and cloud virtualization.

Spin up a new larger instance than the one you are currently running. Pause that
instance and detach the root ebs volume from this server and discard. Then stop
your live instance, detach its root volume. Note the unique device ID and attach
that root volume to your new server. And the start it again. You have scaled
vertically in-place!!

Question 34. What Is The Difference Between Scalability And Elasticity?

Answer :

Scalability is the ability of a system to increase the workload on its current

hardware resources to handle variability in demand.

Elasticity is the ability of a system to increase the workload on its current and
additional hardware resources, thereby enabling businesses to meet demand without
investing in infrastructure up-front.

Question 35. List Out Different Layers Which Define Cloud Architecture?

Answer :

There are five layers:

Cloud Controller (CLC)

Walrus
Cluster Controller
Storage Controller (SC)
Node Controller (NC)
Question 36. What Are The Security Laws Which Are Implemented To Secure Data In A
Cloud?

Answer :

The security laws which are implemented to secure data in cloud are:

Processing
File
Output reconciliation
Input Validation
Security and Backup
Question 37. Why Api�s Have In Cloud Services?
Answer :

Application Programming Interface (API) has the following uses:

It eliminates the need to write fully fledged programs.

It provides the instructions to set up communication between one or more
applications.
It allows easy creation of applications and links the cloud services with other
systems.
Question 38. How Many Data Centers Are Deployed For Cloud Computing? What Are They?

Answer :

There are two data centers in cloud computing:

Containerized Data centers

Low Density Data centers
Question 39. What Is The Security For Amazon Ec2?

Answer :

There are several best practices for secure Amazon EC2. A few of them are given
below:

Use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) to control access to your AWS
resources.
Restrict access by only allowing trusted hosts or networks to access ports on your
instance.
Review the rules in your security groups regularly, and ensure that you apply the
principle of least
Privilege � only open up permissions that you require.
Disable password-based logins for instances launched from your AMI. Passwords can
be found or cracked, and are a security risk.
Question 40. How Is Buffer Used In Amazon Web Services?

Answer :

Buffer is used to make the system more resilient to burst of traffic or load by
synchronizing different components. The components always receive and process the
requests in an unbalanced way. Buffer keeps the balance between different
components and makes them work at the same speed to provide faster services.

Question 41. What Is The Function Of Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud?

Answer :

Amazon Elastic compute cloud also known as Amazon EC2 is an Amazon web service that
provides scalable resources and makes the computing easier for developers.

The main functions of Amazon EC2 are:

It provides easy configurable options and allow user to configure the capacity.
It provides the complete control of computing resources and let the user run the
computing environment according to his requirements.
It provides a fast way to run the instances and quickly book the system hence
reducing the overall time.
It provides scalability to the resources and changes its environment according to
the requirement of the user.
It provides varieties of tools to the developers to build failure resilient
applications.
Question 42. What Are The Different Components Used In Aws?

Answer :

The components that are used in AWS are:

Amazon S3: it is used to retrieve input data sets that are involved in making cloud
architecture and also used to store the output data sets that is the result of the
input.
Amazon SQS: it is used for buffering requests that is received by the controller of
the Amazon. It is the component that is used for communication between different
controllers.
Amazon Simple DB: it is used to store intermediate status log and the tasks that
are performed by the user/
Amazon EC2: it is used to run a large distributed processing on the Hadoop cluster.
It provides automatic parallelization and job scheduling.
Question 43. Explain The Function Of An Amazon Ec2 Instance Like Stopping, Starting
And Terminating?

Answer :

Stopping and Starting an instance: When an instance is stopped, the instance

performs a normal shutdown and then transitions to a stopped state. All of its
Amazon EBS volumes remain attached, and you can start the instance again at a later
time. You are not charged for additional instance hours while the instance is in a
stopped state.

Terminating an instance: When an instance is terminated, the instance performs a

normal shutdown, and then the attached Amazon EBS volumes are deleted unless the
volume�s delete On Termination attribute is set to false. The instance itself is
also deleted, and you can�t start the instance again at a later time