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How Research Instruments Are Validated

The document discusses the three parts required to validate a research instrument: the instrument itself, validity, and reliability. It defines instrument, discusses the two categories of instruments, and notes that existing, validated instruments should be used when possible. Validity refers to an instrument accurately measuring what it intends to measure, which is established through various statistical tests and pilot testing. The document focuses on external and content validity. Reliability refers to an instrument consistently measuring what it is intended to measure, which can be estimated through inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, parallel-forms reliability, and internal consistency reliability. Usability also impacts an instrument's validity.

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676 views2 pages

How Research Instruments Are Validated

The document discusses the three parts required to validate a research instrument: the instrument itself, validity, and reliability. It defines instrument, discusses the two categories of instruments, and notes that existing, validated instruments should be used when possible. Validity refers to an instrument accurately measuring what it intends to measure, which is established through various statistical tests and pilot testing. The document focuses on external and content validity. Reliability refers to an instrument consistently measuring what it is intended to measure, which can be estimated through inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, parallel-forms reliability, and internal consistency reliability. Usability also impacts an instrument's validity.

Uploaded by

Xy Quiñones
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Xyron Mer B.

Quiñones
11-HE
Mr. Vaswani

How research instruments are validated

According to my research there are 3 parts for a research instruments to be validated. Those are

the instrument, validity and reliability. The first part is Instrument. Instrument is the general term

that researchers use for a measurement device (survey, test, questionnaire, etc.). To help

distinguish between instrument and instrumentation, consider that the instrument is the device

and instrumentation is the course of action (the process of developing, testing, and using the

device). Instruments fall into two broad categories, researcher-completed and subject-completed,

distinguished by those instruments that researchers administer versus those that are completed by

participants. Researchers chose which type of instrument, or instruments, to use based on the

research question. According to it, it is best to use an existing instrument, one that has been

developed and tested numerous times, such as can be found in the Mental Measurements

Yearbook. Second, validity. Validity is the extent to which an instrument measures what it is

supposed to measure and performs as it is designed to perform. It is rare, if nearly impossible,

that an instrument be 100% valid, so validity is generally measured in degrees. As a process,

validation involves collecting and analyzing data to assess the accuracy of an instrument. There

are numerous statistical tests and measures to assess the validity of quantitative instruments,

which generally involves pilot testing. The remainder of this discussion focuses on external

validity and content validity. External validity is the extent to which the results of a study can be

generalized from a sample to a population. Establishing eternal validity for an instrument, then,

follows directly from sampling. Recall that a sample should be an accurate representation of a

population, because the total population may not be available. An instrument that is externally
valid helps obtain population generalizability, or the degree to which a sample represents the

population. Content validity refers to the appropriateness of the content of an instrument. In other

words, do the measures (questions, observation logs, etc.) Reliability. According to the site that I

used for this assignment, reliability can be thought of as consistency. Does the instrument

consistently measure what it is intended to measure? It is not possible to calculate reliability;

however, there are four general estimators that you may encounter in reading research:

1. Inter-Rater/Observer Reliability: The degree to which different raters/observers give

consistent answers or estimates.

2. Test-Retest Reliability: The consistency of a measure evaluated over time.

3. Parallel-Forms Reliability: The reliability of two tests constructed the same way, from the

same content.

4. Internal Consistency Reliability: The consistency of results across items, often measured

with Cronbach’s Alpha.

Usability refers to the ease with which an instrument can be administered, interpreted by

the participant, and scored/interpreted by the researcher.

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