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Solution File Updated Lecture No 13-15 PDF

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61 views4 pages

Solution File Updated Lecture No 13-15 PDF

Uploaded by

attique
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Question No 1:

Let R and S be the following relations on A= {1, 2, 3}

R= {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 1), (3, 3), (1, 3), (2, 2)}

S= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 1), (3, 3), (2, 2)}

Find the following

a) RS
b) RS
c) R S
d) S2= S S

Solution:

a) R  S = {(1, 2),(3, 3),(1,3),(2,2)}


b) R  S = {(1, 1),(1, 2),(1, 3),(2, 1),(2,2),(2, 3),(3, 1),(3, 3)}
c) R S = {(1,2),(1,1),(2,3),(3,2),(1, 3),(2,1),(2, 2),(3, 1),(3, 3)}
d) S2= S S = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (2, 1),(2,3),(3,3)}

Question No 2:

Determine whether the relation shown by the directed graph is reflexive, symmetric, anti-
symmetric or transitive?

Solution:

Reflexive:

There is not a loop at every point of the directed graph so it is not reflexive.
Symmetric & Anti-symmetric:

It is neither symmetric nor anti-symmetric, since there is an edge from a to b but not one
from b to a. but there are edges in both directions b and c.

Transitive:

It is not transitive, since there is an edge from a to b and an edge from b to c, but no edge
from a to c.

Question No 3:

In the following diagram


(a) Write the relation R as set of ordered pairs then write inverse of R.
(b) Whether it is symmetric or anti-symmetric relation?

Solution:

R  {( x, x), ( x, y ), ( y, z ), (z, y), ( z, x)}


(a)
R 1  {( x, x), ( y, x), ( z , y ), (y, z), ( x, z )}

(b) It is neither symmetric nor anti-symmetric, since there is an edge from z to x but not
one from x to z. but there are edges in both directions z and y.

Question No 4:

Let X  {1, 2,3, 4} be a set and R   x, y  x  y is a relation on X. Find all the ordered
pairs of R and R 1 . Also draw the directed graph of R.

Solution:

X  1, 2,3, 4
X  X  1, 2,3, 4  1, 2,3, 4
So (1,1), (1, 2), (1,3), (1, 4), (2,1), (2, 2), (2,3), (2, 4), 
 
(3,1), (3, 2), (3,3), (3, 4), (4,1), (4, 2), (4,3), (4, 4) 

R  (1,1), (1, 2), (1,3), (1, 4), (2, 2), (2,3), (2, 4), (3,3), (3, 4), (4, 4)
R 1  (1,1), (2,1), (3,1), (4,1), (2, 2), (3, 2), (4, 2), (3,3), (4,3)(4, 4)

The directed graph of R is

Question No 5:

Let R1 and R2 be the relations on a set A  {1, 2,3, 4} given by


R1  {(1,1),(1, 2),(3, 2),(3, 4),(4, 2)}
R2  {(1, 2),(2,1),(3,1),(4, 4),(2, 2)}

Find the ordered pairs of R1 R2 and R2 R1 .

Solution:

R2 R1  {(1, 2),(1,1),(4,1),(3,1),(3, 2),(3, 4),(4, 2)}


R1 R2  {(2,1),(2, 2),(3,1),(3, 2),(4, 2)}

Question No 6:
Find the matrix representing the relations S R where the matrices representing R and S
are as follows
1 0 0  0 1 0 
M R  1 1 0  M S  0 0 1
0 0 0  1 0 1
Solution:

Question No 7:

x 3
If f ( x)   3 and g ( x)  x  2 then find the value of 5 f (2)  7 g (4) .
2 4

Solution:

f (2)  1  3  4
g (4)  3  2  1
Then
5 f (2)  7 g (4)  5(4)  7(1)
 20  7  13
Question No 8:

Determine whether f : Z  R such that f (n)  2 n is a function or not.

Solution:

f is not defined for n  0 , since f results in imaginary values (not real). So f is not a
function.

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