Erika Jean C.

Pimentel
21 BSA-01
TIMELINE OF OPERATING SYSTEM

1950s o University of Michigan Executive

System (UMES), for IBM 704, 709,
 1951
and 7090
o LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office' was
 1959
the commercial development
o SHARE Operating System (SOS),
of EDSAC computing platform,
based on GM-NAA I/O
supported by British firm J. Lyons and
Co. 1960s
 1953
 1960
o DYSEAC – an early machine capable
o IBSYS (IBM for its 7090 and 7094)
of distributing computing
 1961
 1955
o CTSS demonstration
o MIT's Tape Director operating system
(MIT's Compatible Time-Sharing
made for WHIRLWIND I
System for the IBM 7094)
 1955

o General Motors Operating System
o MCP (Burroughs Master
made for IBM 701
Control Program)
 1956  1962
o GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on o Atlas Supervisor (Manchester
General Motors Operating System University) (Atlas computer
 1957 commissioned)
o Atlas Supervisor (Manchester o BBN Time-Sharing System
University) (Atlas computer project o GCOS (GE's General
start) Comprehensive Operating
o BESYS (Bell Labs), for IBM 704, System, originally GECOS,
later IBM 7090 and IBM 7094 General Electric
 1958 Comprehensive Operating
Supervisor)
 1963 o SCOPE (CDC 3000 series)
o AN/FSQ-32, another early o TOPS-10 (DEC, the name
time-sharing system begun TOPS-10 wasn't adopted
o CTSS becomes operational until 1970)
(MIT's Compatible Time- o EXEC 8 (UNIVAC)
Sharing System for the IBM  1965
7094) o THE multiprogramming
o JOSS, an interactive time- system (Technische
shared system that did not Hogeschool Eindhoven)
distinguish between operating development
system and language o Multics (MIT, GE, Bell
o Titan Supervisor, early time- Labs for the GE-645)
sharing system begun (announced)
 1964

o KDF9 Timesharing
o BOS/360 (IBM's Basic Operating
Director (English Electric) –
System)
an early, fully hardware
o TOS/360 (IBM's Tape Operating
secured, fully pre-emptive
System)
process switching, multi-
o TSOS (later VMOS) (RCA)
programming operating
o Pick operating system
system for KDF9 (originally
 1966
announced in 1960)
o OS/360 (IBM's primary OS for its
o Berkeley Timesharing
S/360 series) PCP and MFT (shipped)
System (for Scientific Data
o DOS/360 (IBM's Disk Operating
Systems' SDS 940)
System)
o Dartmouth Time Sharing
o MS/8 (Richard F. Lary's DEC PDP-8
System (Dartmouth College's
system)
DTSS for GE computers)
o GEORGE 1 & 2 For ICT 1900 series
o OS/360 (IBM's primary OS
 1967
for its S/360 series)
(announced)
 o CP-40, predecessor to CP-67 on o TENEX (Bolt, Beranek and
modified IBM System/360 Model 40 Newman for DEC systems,
o CP-67 (IBM, also known as CP/CMS) later TOPS-20)
o Michigan Terminal o Unics (later Unix) (AT&T, initially on
System (MTS)[6] (time-sharing DEC computers)
system for the IBM S/360-67 and o RC 4000 Multiprogramming
successors) System (RC)
o ITS (MIT's Incompatible Timesharing o Multics (MIT, GE, Bell Labs for
System for the DEC PDP-6 and PDP- the GE-645 and later the Honeywell
10) 6180) (opened for paying customers
o ORVYL (Stanford University's time- in October[7])
sharing system for the IBM S/360) o GEORGE 3 For ICL 1900 series
o TSS/360 (IBM's Time-sharing System
1970s
for the S/360-67, never officially
released, canceled in 1969 and again
 1970
in 1971)
o DOS-11 (PDP-11)
o OS/360 MVT
 1971
o WAITS (SAIL, Stanford Artificial
o RSTS-11 2A-19 (First released
Intelligence Laboratory, time-sharing
version; PDP-11)
system for DEC PDP-6 and PDP-10,
o OS/8
later TOPS-10)
 1972
 1968
o Data General RDOS
o Airline Control Program
o Edos
(ACP) (IBM)
o Operating System/Virtual Storage
o THE multiprogramming
1 (OS/VS1)
system (Eindhoven University of
o Operating System/Virtual Storage 2
Technology) publication
R1 (OS/VS2 SVS)
o TSS-8 (DEC for the PDP-8)
o Virtual Machine
 1969
Facility/370 (VM/370), sometimes
known as VM/CMS
 o Virtual Machine/Basic System  1975
Extensions Program Product (BSEPP o CP/M
or VM/SE) o BS2000 V2.0 (First released version)
o Virtual Machine/System Extensions o Version 6 Unix
Program Product (SEPP or VM/BSE)  1976
o MUSIC/SP o Cambridge CAP computer[9] – all
o PRIMOS (written in FORTRAN IV, operating system procedures written
that didn't have pointers, while later in ALGOL 68C, with some closely
versions, around version 18, written in associated protected procedures
a version of PL/1, called PL/P) in BCPL
 1973 o Cray Operating System
o Эльбрус-1 (Elbrus-1) – Soviet o FLEX[10]
computer – created using high-level o TOPS-20
language uЭль-76 (AL-76/ALGOL o Tandem Nonstop OS v1
68)  1977
o VME – implementation o 1BSD
language S3 (ALGOL 68) o KERNAL
o RSX-11D o OASIS operating system
o RT-11 o TRSDOS
o Alto OS o Virtual Memory System (VMS) V1.0
 1974 (Initial commercial release, October
o DOS-11 V09-20C (Last stable release, 25)
June 1974)  1978
o Sintran III o 2BSD
o MONECS o Apple DOS
o Multi-Programming Executive (MPE) o HDOS
– Hewlett-Packard o TRIPOS
o Hydra[8] – capability-based, o UCSD p-System (First released
multiprocessing OS kernel version)
o Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 o Lisp machine (CADR)
R2 (MVS)
 o KVM/370[11] – security retro-fit of o Xinu first release
IBM VM/370 o Business Operating System
o KSOS[12] – secure OS design from o Aegis SR1 (First Apollo/DOMAIN
Ford Aerospace systems shipped on March 27[15])
o MVS/System Extensions (MVS/SE) o PC DOS
 1979 o Pilot (Xerox Star operating system)
o Atari DOS o MS-DOS
o POS o UTS
o NLTSS o iMAX – OS for Intel's iAPX 432
o UNIX/32V capability machine
o Version 7 Unix  1982
o UCLA Secure UNIX[13] – an early o Commodore DOS
secure UNIX OS based on security o LDOS (By Logical Systems, Inc. – for
kernel the Radio Shack TRS-80 Models I, II
o MVS/System Extensions R2 & III)
(MVS/SE2) o QNX
o Sun UNIX (later SunOS) 0.7
1980s
o Ultrix
o Stratus VOS[16]
o Unix System III
 1980
 1983
o 86-DOS
o Lisa Office System 7/7
o CTOS[14]
o Coherent
o NewDos/80
o GNU (project start)
o OS-9
o Novell NetWare (S-Net)
o SOS
o ProDOS
o MVS/System Product (MVS/SP) V1
o SunOS 1.0
o Virtual Machine/System
o STOP[17] – TCSEC A1-class, secure
Product (VM/SP)
OS for SCOMP hardware
o Xenix
o LOCUS[18] – UNIX compatible, high
 1981
reliability, distributed OS
o Acorn MOS
 o DNIX o AIX 1.0
o MVS/Extended Architecture o GS-OS
(MVS/XA) o Genera 7.0
 1984 o HP-UX
o AMSDOS o SunOS 3.0
o Mac OS (System 1.0) o GEOS
o MSX-DOS o Version 9 Unix
o PC/IX o GEMSOS[19] – TCSEC A1-class,
o Sinclair QDOS secure kernel for BLACKER VPN &
o QNX GTNP
o UNICOS o Cronus distributed OS[20]
o Venix 2.0  1987
o Virtual Machine/Extended o Topaz[21] – semi-distributed OS for
Architecture Migration DEC Firefly workstation written in
Assistance (VM/XA MA) Modula-2+ and garbage collected
 1985 o Arthur
o Windows 1.0 o IRIX (3.0 is first SGI version)
o AmigaOS o MINIX 1.0
o Atari TOS o BS2000 V9.0
o DG/UX o OS/2 (1.0)
o MIPS RISC/os o PC-MOS/386
o Oberon – written in Oberon o Windows 2.0
o SunOS 2.0  1988
o Version 8 Unix o A/UX (Apple Computer)
o Windows 1.01 o RISC iX
o Xenix 2.0 o KeyKOS – capability-based
o Virtual Machine/Extended microkernel for IBM mainframes with
Architecture System Facility (VM/XA automated persistence of app data
SF) o LynxOS
o Graphics Environment Manager o CP/M rebranded as DR-DOS
 1986 o Mac OS (System 6)
 o MVS/Enterprise Systems Architecture o ASOS[23] – TCSEC A1-class secure,
(MVS/ESA) real-time OS for Ada applications
o OS/2 (1.1)
1990s
o OS/400
o SpartaDOS X
 1990
o SunOS 4.0
o AmigaOS 2.0
o TOPS-10 7.04 (Last stable release,
o BeOS (v1)
July 1988)
o Genera 8.0
o HeliOS 1.0
o OS/2 1.3
o VAX VMM[22] – TCSEC A1-
o OSF/1
class, VMM for VAX computers
o AIX 3.0
(limited use before cancellation)
o Windows 3.0
o Flex machine – tagged, capability
o LOCK[24] – TCSEC A1-class secure
machine with OS and other software
system with kernel & hardware
written in ALGOL 68RS
support for Type enforcement
o Virtual Machine/Extended
o Virtual Machine/Enterprise Systems
Architecture System Product (VM/XA
Architecture (VM/XA ESA)
SP)
o PC/GEOS
 1989
 1991
o EPOC
o Linux 0.01-0.1
o NeXTSTEP (1.0)
o Mac OS (System 7)
o OS/2 (1.2)
o MINIX 1.5
o RISC OS (First release was to be
o PenPoint OS
called Arthur 2, but was renamed to
o RISC OS 3[25]
RISC OS 2, and was first sold as
o Trusted Xenix[26] – rewritten &
RISC OS 2.00 in April 1989)
security enhanced Xenix evaluated
o SCO UNIX (Release 3)
at TCSEC B2-class
o TSX-32
o Amoeba – microkernel-based,
o Version 10 Unix
POSIX-compliant, distributed OS
o Xenix 2.3.4 (Last stable release)
 1992
o 386BSD 0.1
 o BSD/386, by BSDi and later known as o Spring
BSD/OS.  1994
o AmigaOS 3.0 o AIX 4.0, 4.1
o Amiga Unix 2.01 (Latest stable o OS/2 3.0
release) o RISC OS 3.5
o RSTS/E 10.1 (Last stable release, o NetBSD 1.0 (First multi-platform
September 1992) release, October 1994)
o SLS o SPIN – extensible OS written in
o Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; Modula-3
based on SVR4 instead of BSD) o Red Hat
o OpenVMS V1.0 (First OpenVMS  1995
AXP (Alpha) specific version, o Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 UNIX)
November 1992) o OpenBSD
o OS/2 2.0 (First i386 32-bit based o OS/390
version) o Plan 9 Second Edition (Commercial
o Plan 9 First Edition (First public second release version was made
release was made available to available to the general public.)
universities) o Ultrix 4.5 (Last major release)
o Windows 3.1 o Windows 95
o LGX  1996
 1993 o Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named
o FreeBSD Mac OS)
o NetBSD o Windows NT 4.0
o Newton OS o Windows CE 1.0
o Windows NT 3.1 (First Windows NT o RISC OS 3.6
kernel public release) o AIX 4.2
o Open Genera 1.0 o OS/2 4.0
o IBM 4690 Operating System o Palm OS
o Novell NetWare 4 o Debian 1.1
o OS/2 2.1 o JN[27] – microkernel OS for
o Slackware 1.0 embedded, Java apps
 1997 o RT-11 5.7 (Last stable release,
o Inferno October 1998)
o Mac OS 8 o Novell NetWare 5
o Windows CE 2.0 o Junos
o SkyOS o DR-WebSpyder 2.0
o MINIX 2.0  1999
o RISC OS 3.7 o AROS (Boot for the first time in
o AIX 4.3 Stand Alone version)
o DR-WebSpyder 1.0 o RISC OS 4
o Nemesis[28] o Mac OS 9
 1998 o OS/2 4.5
o Solaris 7 (first 64-bit Solaris release – o Windows 98 (2nd edition)
names from this point drop "2.", o Inferno Second Edition (Last
otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7) distribution (Release 2.3, c. July 1999)
o Windows 98 from Lucent's Inferno Business Unit)

What is Open Source?

The term "open source" refers to something people can modify and share because its

design is publicly accessible.

The term originated in the context of software development to designate a specific

approach to creating computer programs. Today, however, "open source" designates a broader

set of values—what we call "the open source way." Open source projects, products, or initiatives

embrace and celebrate principles of open exchange, collaborative participation, rapid

prototyping, transparency, meritocracy, and community-oriented development.

What is proprietary?

Proprietary software is any software that is copyrighted and bears limits against use, distribution

and modification that are imposed by its publisher, vendor or developer. Proprietary software
remains the property of its owner/creator and is used by end-users/organizations under

predefined conditions.

Proprietary software may also be called closed-source software or commercial software.

Difference of Open Source and Proprietary

Open Source Closed or Proprietary

Open source software is software that does Closed source software is software that holds

the complete opposite. It allows users to copy, the source code safe and encrypted. Meaning,

modify, or delete parts of the code under their the user can’t copy, modify, or delete parts of

own discretion. The user is able to use the code without some type of consequence. It

functions of the open source on their own can go from voiding the warranty to even legal

program with no consequence. repercussions.

Open source development is handled through Closed source software creators are the ones

‘mass collaboration’. As a result, development that generally handle the development and

and fixes usually continue as long as the fixes, meaning it is under their discretion if

community is active. they continue their ongoing development or

not.

Open source has the advantage. For open Closed source has the advantage in

source software, if the community is fairly support. Closed source could end support of

large and active, you can expect new updates, software at almost any time, leaving you with

features, or fixes for a fairly long time. whatever you have at that moment.