1

101 MILESTONE PROBLEMS

These Milestone Problems are taken from our :

ISBN : 9789386146229
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1. In a reaction turbine, the enthalpy drop in a stage is 60 units. 6. In an air-standard diesel cycle, r = compression ratio, is the
The enthalpy drop in the moving blader is 32 units. Then, the fuel cut-off ratio and is the adiabatic index (Cp/Cv).
degree of reaction will be ________.
2. If the speed of engine varies between 390 rpm and 410 rpm in P 1
1
a cycle of operation, then the coefficient of fluctuation of 1 .
(a) r P 1
speed will be ________.
3. A rolling disk of radius ‘R’ and mass ‘M’ is connected to one
end of a linear spring of stiffness ‘K’ as shown in figure. The
natural frequency of oscillation is given by: 1 P 1 1
1 .
M (b) r 1 P 1

K
R 1 P 1
1 .
(c) r 1 P 1

2K K
(a) w (b) w
3M M
1 P 1 1
1 .
K 2K (d) r P 1
(c) w (d) w
2M M
4. Bending moment distribution in a built beam is shown in 7. A centrifugal pump operating at 1000 rpm develops a head of
figure. 30 m. If the speed is increased to 2000 rpm and the pump
operates with the same efficiency, the head developed by
C pump will be _______.
8. A 320 cm high vertical pipe at 150°C wall temperature is in a
A E room with still air at 10°C. This pipe supplies heat at the rate
B D of 8 kw into the room air by natural convection. Assuming
laminar flow, the height of pipe needed to supply 1 kw only
will be ________.
9. Which one of the following is the steady flow energy
The shear force distribution in the beam is shown by: equation for a boiler?

E v12 v22
E (a) h1 h2
(a) C (b) A C 2g1 2g1
A
(b) Q = h2 – h1
A E
v12 v22
(c) (d) (c) h1 Q h2
A E 2g1 2g1
C
5. In the mechanism shown below, link 3 her,
(d) ws h 2 h1 Q
10. A spur gear transmits 10 kw at a pitch line velocity of 10m/s
3 driving gear hav a diameter of 1 m. The tangential force
between the driver and follower and transmitted torque will
2 be ________.
5 4 11. A motor has a wheel base of 280 cm and the pivot distance of
front stub axles is 140 cm. When the outer wheel is turned
1 through 30°, angle of turn of the inner front wheel for correct
sheering will be ________.
(a) curvilinear translation and all points in it trace out 12. An aeroplane travel at 400 km/h at sea level where the
identical cycloids temperature is 15°C. The velocity of aeroplane at the same
(b) curvilinear translation and all points in it trace out mach number at an altitude where a temperature of – 25°C is
identical involutes prevailing will be ________.
(c) linear translation and all points in it trace out identical 13. In an SI engine, combustion stage 1 takes 1 ms and combustion
helics stage II takes 1.5 ms when the engine runs at 1000 rpm. If
(d) linear translation and all points in it trace out identical stage I time duration is independent of engine speed, then
identical ellipse. the additional spark advance necessary (if engine speed is
 3

doubled) will be ________. Then, the maximum possible clearance in the assembly will
14. A circular cylinder of 400 mm diameter is rotated about its be ________.
axis in a stream of water having a uniform velocity of 4m/s. 23. In a rolling operation, thickness of sheet is reduced from 40
When both of the stagnation points coincide, the lift force mm to 25 mm by using 750 mm diameter rolls which are rotating
experienced by the cylinder is ________. at 140 rpm. Then the roll strip contact length will be ________.
15. In a system, metabolic rate = M, work done by man = w, rate 24. Two identical springs labelled (i) and (ii) are arranged as
of convective, radiative, evaporative heat losses = Q, rate of shown in figure given below.
heat storage = s. Then heat exchange between man and his (i) (ii)
environment is: F
(a) M + W = Q + S (b) M – W = Q – S
(c) M + W = Q – S (d) M – W = Q + S
16. During steady flow compression process of a gas with mass If spring constant is ‘k’ for each of the spring, then the strain
flow rate of 2 kg/s, increase in specific enthalpy is 15kJ/kg energy stored in spring (i) is:
and decreases in K.E is 2 kJ/kg. The rate of heat rejection to (a) F2/2K (b) F2/4K
2
environment is 3 kw. The power needed to drive a compressor (c) F /8K (d) F2/16K
will be ________. 25. In a counterflow heat exchanger, the hot fluid is cooled from
17. A journal bearing supports a shaft which is rotating at a 110°C to 80°C by a cold fluid which gets heated from 30°C to
speed of 2000 rpm. Clearance to radius ratio, bearing pressure 60°C. LMTD for heat exchanger is ________.
and viscosity of lubricant are 1/130, 2.7 mPa and 40 × 10–4 Pas 26. When the Brayton cycle working in the pressure limits of
respectively. Then the sommerfeld number will be ________. P1 and P2 is reversed and operated as a refrigerator, the ideal
18. The pressure difference of two gases in two vessels is being value of CoP for such a cycle will be:
measured by a vertical U-tube manometer. The reading is
taken as 10 cm. Then the pressure difference between the 1 1
(a) P2 / P1 1 (b)
gases will be ________. 1
P2 / P1 1
19. Consider the following conditions for heat transfer:
where, t = thermal boundary layer thickness
1 1
= boundary layer velocity (c) (d)
1/ 1
Pt = Prandtl number P2 / P1 1
1. (x) = (x) if Pr = 1 P2 / P1 1
t
2. t
(x) >> (x) if Pr << 1 27. Air conditioning has to be done for a hail whose RSH = 50 kw
3. t
(x) << (x) if Pr >> 1 and RLH = 50kw. There are no other sources of heat addition
Which of these conditions apply for convective heat transfer? or leakager. The value of RSHF will be ________.
(a) 1, 2 (b) 2, 3
28. A penstock of 10 m diameter carries water under a pressure
(c) 1, 3 (d) 1, 2, 3
head of 100 m. If the wall thickness is 9 mm, the tensile stress
20. Masses A1, A2 and 8 kg are attached to a shaft in parallel
planes as show in figure. If the shaft is rotating at 100 rpm, in pipe wall will be ________. (Take g = 10 m/s2)
the mass A2 will be ________. 2 2
29. The relation 0 for an irrotational flow is termed
8 kg x2 y2
50 cm as :
(a) Navier-Stokes equation
(b) Laplace equation
50 cm 100 cm 50 cm (c) Reynold’s equation
50 cm
(d) Euler’s equation
30. A linkage is shown in figure in which links ABC and DEF are
A1 A2 ternary links, whereas AF, BE and CD are binary links.

21. An automatic machine accomplishes five operations and they F D

perform operations in 110, 130, 140, 145 and 170 seconds at
each of its work stations. Then the cycle time of work station
E
will be ________.
22. The assembly of Hole-shaft specification is described as B
follows:
(i) Hole of size = 27.000 0.080 A C
0.000 mm

(ii) Shafts of size = 27.000 0.040 The degree of freedom of linkage when link ABC is fixed is:
0.020 mm
 4

(a) 0 (b) 1 each bolt will be _________.

(c) 2 (d) 3 39. A circular solid shaft is subjected to bending moment of 400
31. Match List-I with List-II kN-m and a twisting moment of 300 kN-m. On the basis of
List-I List-II maximum principle stress theory, the direct stress is and
A. Saddle key 1. strong in shear according to the maximum shear stress theory, the shear stress
B. Woodruff key 2. withstands tension in
direct stress
one direction is . Then the ratio of will be ________.
C. Tangent key 3. transmission of power shear stress
through frictional 40. The inter arrival times at a tool crib are exponential with an
resistance average time of 10 min and length of service time is assumed
D. Kennedy key 4. semi-circular in shape to be 6 min. Then the probability that a person arriving at the
Codes: booth will have to wait equal to –
A B C D 41. The humidity ratio of atmospheric air at 28°C DBT and
(a) 3 4 1 2 760 mm of Hg is 0.016 kN/m2. Then the partial pressure of
(b) 4 3 2 1 water vapour will be ________.
(c) 4 3 1 2 42. The angle of rotation of a rigid body is given by = 0 +At +
(d) 3 4 2 1 Bt2. In which, A, B, are constants and t is time in seconds. If
32. When a weight of 100 N falls on a spring of stiffness 1 kN/m = 4 rad/sec at t = 0 and w = 2 rad/sec after 1 second from
from a height of 2 m, the deflection caused in the first fall is start, then the values of constants will be ________.
________. 43. In a reversible isothermal expansion process, the fluid
33. If the spindle speed is 80 rpm and cross-feed is 0.3 mm/rev, expands from 10 bar and 2 m3 to 2 bar and 10 m3, during the
then the time taken to face a workpiece of 72 mm diameter will process and the heat supplied is 100 kw. Then the work done
be ________. during the process will be ________.
34. The spot welding is done on two thick steel sheets of 3 mm. 44. For flow over a flat plate, the hydrodynamic boundary layer
The current is 4500 A for 0.15S on each spot. The other thickness is 0.5mm. The dynamic viscosity is 25 × 10–6 Pa-s,
necessary data is given are follows:
specific heat is 2 kJ/kg-k and thermal conductivity is 0.05 w/
Diameter of electrode = 6 mm
mk. Then, the thermal boundary layer thickness will be
Resistance = 375 µ
________.
Density of material = 8700 kg/m3
45. A close coiled helical spring is made up of 5 mm diameter wire
Melting specific energy =2.5 Mj/kg
coiled to 50 mm mean diameter. Maximum shear stress in spring
Then the amount of heat generated and heat dissipated will
be _______. under the action of an axial force is 20 N/mm2. The maximum
shear stress in a spring made of 3 mm diameter wire coiled to
35. The specification for a hole is 540.060 0.000 mm . The mating 30 mm mean diameter under the action of force is ________.
shaft has a clearance fit with minimum clearance of 0.04 mm. 46. The arm of a radial drilling machine is being raised at a speed
If the tolerance on the shaft is 0.08 mm, then the maximum of 3.9 m/min. by single start square threads of 6 mm pitch and
clearance in mm between the shaft and the hole will be 30 mm diameter. The speed of screw will be ________.
________. 47. A ball bearing is characterized by basic static capacity = 11000
36. In an operation of NC work table, the following data is given: N and dynamic capacity = 18000 N. This bearing is subjected
Pitch of a lead screw = 9 mm to equivalent static load = 5500N. Then the bearing loading
Gear ratio = 8 : 1 ratio and life in million revolution will be ________.
Number of pulse generated = 58 pulses/rev. 48. If the annular wheel of an epicyclic gear train has 100 teeth
Distance moved by the table = 230 mm and the planet wheel has 20 teeth, the number of teeth on the
Feed rate = 430 mm/min. sun-wheel is ________.
Then the number of pulses received by the control system 49. In a cotter joint, the width of the cotter at the centre is 50 mm
for purpose of verification for the movement of table through and its thickness is 12mm. The load acting on the cottor is 60
enact distance of 230 mm will be ________. KN. Then the shearing stress induced in the cotter joint will
37. In an assembly line, the rate of arrival of products is 0.8 parts/ be ________.
minute. Processing time with mean is 1.8 min. with exponential 50. A time standard for a data entry operator is to be specified. A
distribution. Then the probability, that a random part arrival job in rated at 140%, it takes 40 seconds to enter each record
finds that there are 9 parts already exist in the system, will be and the allowances are 20%. The normal time will be
________. ________.
38. Eight bolts are to be used for fixing the cover plate of a cylinder 51. In a 1 ton capacity water cooler, water enters at 30°C at the
subjected to a maximum load of 980.175 kN. If the design rate of 200L/h. If specific heat of water = 4.18 KJ/kg-k, then
stress for the bolt material is 315 N/mm2, then the diameter of the outlet temperature of water is ________.
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52. In a strained material, normal stresses on two mutually N/m and has a dashpot connected to it which produces a
perpendicular planes are x and y (both are alikes) and shear resistance of 0.003 N at a velocity of 2 cm/s. After 6 cycles,
stress is xy, and one of the principal stress will be zero only the reduction ratio of amplitude of vibration will be ________.
if
65. The values of enthalpy of starting of compression, at end of
x y compression and at the end of condensation are 85 KJ/kg,
(a) xy (b) xy x y 185 KJ/kg and 210 kJ/kg respectively. Then the value of COP
2
of vapour compression refrigeration system will be ________.
2 2
(c) xy x y (d) xy x y 66. In a study to estimate the idle time of a machine, out of 100
random observations, the machine is found idle on 40
53. The index of expansion of dry saturated steam flowing
observations. If confidence level is 95% and accuracy is ± 5%,
through a nozzle is 1.135, then the critical pressure ratio of then the total random observations required are _________.
the following steam will be ________. 67. What is the vertical distance of centre of pressure below the
54. Maximum angular velocity of connecting rod with a crank to centroid of plane area?
connecting rod ratio 1 : 5 for a crank speed of 3000 rpm will be
IG IG .sin
around ________. (a) (b)
55. Plane stress at a point in a body is described by principal A.h A.h
stresses 3 and . Then, the ratio ( n/ man) on the plane of
IG .sin 2 IG .sin 2
maximum shear stress is ________. (where n = normal stress, (c) (d) 2
A.h A.h
max = maximum shear stress).
56. In orthogonal cutting, cutting force and thrust force are 1000 68. In a multiple disc clutch, the axial intensity of pressure is not
N and 500 N respectively. If the rake angle of tool is zero, the to exceed 0.2 MPa. The inner radius of the discs is 100 mm
coefficient of friction in chip-tool interface will be ________. and is half the outer radius. Then the axial force per pair of
57. In a small engineering project, for an activity, the optimistic contact surfaces in N will be ________.
time is 2 min, the most likely time is 5 min and the pessimistic 69. A truss structure is shown in figure given below which
time is 8 min, then the expected time of activity will be supports a load 18 KN at point ‘S’. Then the load is the
member PQ will be ________.
________.
58. The pressure drop for a relatively low Reynolds number flow
3m 3m 3m 3m
in a 600 mm, 30 m long pipeline is 70 KPa. Then the wall shear P Q R S
stress will be ________.
59. A cube with a side length of 1 cm is heated uniformly 1°C
above the room temperature and all the sides are free to
4m
expand. If thermal expansion coefficient is °C, then increase 6m U
in volume of the cube will be ________. 18 KN
60. The length of a cylindrical shaped casting is equal to diameter.
T
The solidification time for cylindrical casting is 25 min. If the
aspect ratio and material is kept same, then solidification time
for a 8 timer heavier cylinder will be ________.
61. In a blanking operation, the maximum punch load in 6 × 106 N.
70. The velocity of a particle is given as :
If the percentage penetration is 40% and thickness of plate is v = 9 – 0.06 x m/s
9mm, then the work done during the shearing operating will If x = 0, t = 0, then the distance travelled (when it comes to
be ________. rest) and acceleration (at t = 0) will be ________.
62. Actual demand for the first period is 92 units and forecast
was 96 units. If exponential smoothing factor is 0.5, then the 71. A heat engine is supplied with 2700 KJ/min of heat at 750°C.
Heat rejection with 1000 KJ/min takes place at 99°C. Then the
forecast for the next period will be ________.
type of heat engine will be:
63. The distance covered by a body of mass 2 kg with respect to (a) Ideal (b) Irreversible
time is given as: (c) Impossible (d) Practical
s = 6t3 – 4t2 + 9 72. When the pressure on a given mass of liquid is increased
where, S = distance, t = time from 3MPa to 3.5 MPa, the density of liquid increases from
500 kg/m3. Then the average value of bulk modulus of the
Then, the acceleration and the driving force of the body after liquid over the given pressure range will be ________.
9 seconds will be ________. 73. There are two bodies of equal masses are rotating along a
64. A body of mass 8 kg is supported on a spring of stiffness 200 circular path of radius R1 and R2 with same speed. The ratio
of their centripetal forces would be equal to:
 6

R2
(a) R2/R1 (b) R1
2 2
R2 R1
(c) 2 (d) 2 (c) O (d)
R1 R2
74. Which one of the following is the value of helix angle for
maximum efficiency of a square threaded screw.
(a) 45° + (b) 45° – 82. The static deflection of a shaft under a flywheel is 4 mm. If g
(c) 45° – /2 (d) 45° + /2 = 9.8 m/s2, then the initial speed in rad/s will be ________.
75. In a flat belt drive, the belt can be subjected to a maximum 83. The modulus of elasticity for a material is 200 GN/m2 and
tension T and centrifugal tension TC. The condition for Poisson’s ratio is 0.25. Then the modulus of rigidity will be
transmission of maximum power is: ________.
84. In a tool life test, doubling the cutting speed reduces the tool
(a) T Tc (b) T 3Tc
(c) T = 2TC (d) T = 3TC 1
life to th of the original. The Taylor’s tool life index is:
76. A cantilever of length L, moment of inertia I, young’s modulus 8
E carries a concentrated load w at the middle of its length.
1 1
The slope of cantilever at free end is: (a) (b)
2 3
wL wL
(a) (b) 1 1
2EI 4EI (c) (d)
4 8
wL wL 85. If critical path of a project is 20 months with a standard
(c) (d) deviation 4 months, the probability that the project will be
8EI 16EI
completed in 24 months is ________.
77. Which one of the following cast irons consists of carbon in 86. Which one of the following is clearance fif?
rosette form?
(a) White cast iron (b) Grey cast iron (a) H50 0.015 0.010
0.005 h 50 0.000
(c) Malleable cast iron (d) Nodular cast iron
78. A hydraulic pressure have a ram of 20 cm diameter and a (b) H50 0.010 0.025
0.000 h 50 0.015
plunger of 5 cm diameter. The force required at the plunger to
lift a weight of 16 × 104 N will be ________. (c) H50 0.015 0.025
0.000 h 50 0.005
79. In a reaction turbine, stage enthalpy drop in the stator blader
is 4.62 kJ/kg and in the rotor blade is 2.38 kJ/kg. Then, the (d) H50 0.010 0.030
0.000 h 50 0.005
degree of reaction will be ________.
87. The working temperature in evaporator and condenser coils
80. A single parallel fillet weld of total length L and weld size h of a refrigerator are –23°C and 27°C respectively. The COP of
subject to a tensile load P, will have the design stress: a refrigerator is 0.8 of the maximum COP. If the power input is
P 1 kw, then, the refrigeration effect produced will be ________.
(a) Tensile and equal to 88. A mass ‘m’ vibrates on a frictionless platform as shown in
0.707Lh
figure. The combined spring constant will be:
P
(b) Tensile and equal to K1 K2
Lh
P K1 m K2
(c) Shear and equal to
0.707Lh
P
(d) Shear and equal to
Lh (a) K1 + K2 (b) 2(K1 + K2)
81. Which one of the following Mohr’s circles represents the
K1K 2 2 K1K 2
state of pure shear? (c) (d)
K1 K 2 K1 K 2
89. In a new temperature scale i.e. °P, the boiling and freezing
points of water at one atmosphere are 100°P and 300°P
O respectively. Correlate this scale with the centigrade scale,
(a) (b) O
the reading of 0°P on the centigrade scale will be ________.
 7

90. Consider the phase diagram of a certain substance as shown (d) otto dual diesel
in figure, Match List I with List II
96. Water (CP = 4kJ/kgk) is fed to a boiler at 30°C, the enthalpy of
G vaporization at atmospheric pressure in the boiler is 24000
kJ/kg, the steam coming from the boilder is 0.9 dry. The net
D heat supplied in the boiler will be _________.
Pressure E 97. A straight bar is fixed at A and B as shown in figure. A load P
= 120 N is acting at point c. Then the reactions at the end will
F be ________.
Temperature B
A

List I List II
A. Vaporization 1. FE
B. Fusion 2. EG C P = 120 N
C. Sublimation 3. ED
Codes
A B C L 2L
(a) 1 3 2
(b) 1 2 3 98. Steel shuts are to welded by spot welding.
(c) 3 2 1 The following data is provided
(d) 3 1 2 Steel sheet thickness = 3 mm
Current = 6000 Amp
91. Heat is conducted through a 10 cm thick wall at a rate of 30 w/
Time for flow of current = 0.185
m2 when the temperature difference across the wall is 10°C.
Diameter of electrodes =8 mm
The thermal conductivity of the wall be ________.
Resistance =250
92. For an air-conditioning system, the outdoor and indoor dry Density of metal = 8000 kg/m3
bulb temperature are 45°C and 25°C respectively. The space Specific energy for melting = 1.8 MJ/kg
to be air conditioned is 20 m × 30 m × 5 m and infiltration is Based on the above data, the heat generated will be
estimated to be one air change. If the density and specific ________.
heat of air are 1.2 kg/m3 and 1.02 kj/k°C, then the sensible
heat load due to infiltration is _________. 99. The specification of a shaft is provided as 450.060
0.000 mm .
93. A wooden rectangular block of length l is made to float in Minimum clearance and tolerance are 0.02 mm and 0.05 mm
water with its axis vertical. The centre of gravity of the floating respectively. The maximum clearance between hole and shaft
body is 0.15 above the centre of buoyancy. Then the specific will be ________.
gravity of the wooden block will be _______. 100. An industry consumes 4000 units of a product on annual
94. The cavitation number of any fluid machinery is defined basis. Delivery lead time is 9 days. The reorder point to achieve
optimum inventory (in number of units) will be ________.
P P 101. Match List-I with List-II
where, P = absolute pressure, p = density v = List-I List-II
v2 / 2
A. Laser welding 1. Uniting large area sheets
free stream velocity, then the symbol p denotes: B. Friction welding 2. Repairing large parts
(a) Static pressure of fluid C. Ultrasonic welding 3. Welding a rod to flat
(b) dynamic pressure of fluid surface
(c) vapour pressure of fluid D. Explosive welding 4. Fabrication of nuclear
(d) Shear stress of fluid reactor components
95. The order of values of thermal efficiency of otto, diesel and 5. Welding very thin mate-
rials
dual cycler, when they have equal compression ratios and
Codes
heat rejection, is given by
A B C D
(a) otto diesel dual (a) 5 4 3 2
(b) (b) 1 4 2 5
diesel dual otto
(c) 1 3 4 2
(c) dual diesel otto (d) 5 3 4 1
 8

HINTS & SOLUTIONS

1. 0.533 5. (a) In the mechanism shown in figure, there in curvilinear
Given: Enthalpy drop in a stage = 60 units. translation and all points in it will trace out identical
Enthalpy drop in moving blades = 32 units cycloids.
6. (c) Thermal efficiency for air standard diesel cycle
Enthalpy drop in moving blades
Degree of reaction =
Enthalpy drop in a stage P 1
1
th 1 1
32 r P 1
= = 0.533
60
7. 120 m
2. 0.05 Given: Case I
Given: Variation in speed = 410 – 390 = 20 rpm Speed (N1) = 1000 rpm
410 390 800 Head (H1) = 30 m
Mean speed = = 400 rpm. Case II
2 2
Speed (N2) = 2000 rpm
Coefficient of fluctuation of speed Head (H2) = ?
Variation in speed 20 As we know that for centrifugal pump,
= = 0.05
Mean speed 400 N H N2 H
3. (a) Applying Newton’s method, 2 2
N1 H1 30 1000 1
I KyR N2 H2 H2 2000 4
H2 = 30 × 4 = 120 m
I KyR 0 8. 40 cm
Given: Height of pipe (H1) = 320 cm
Temperature difference ( T) = 140°C
I K R2 0
Rate of Heat transfer (Q1) = 8 kw
2K Rate of Heat transfer haded (Q2) = 1 kw
on solving, we get 0 Q = HdA T (According to Newton’s Law of colling)
3M
Q1 H1
M Here, on applying [For laminar flow]
Q2 H2
y K 8 320 320
H2 40cm
R 1 H2 8
M 9. (b) Stead flow energy equation for a boiler is given as:
Q h 2 h1
2K 10. 500
here, w
3M Given: Power (P) = 10 kw = 10 × 103 w
Velocity (v) = 10 m/s
L
Diameter (d) = 1m
P Power (P) = Torque × angular speed
E =T×w
A
4. (a) C where, Ft = tangential force
L/2 L/2 P = Ft × r × w

P P 10 103
Ft = 1000N
rw v 10
SF A C E Torque transmitted = Ft × r
SF 1
= 1000 500N m
2
SF Shear Force
 9

11. 39.11 Rate of heat rejection (Qrej) = 3 kw

Given: Wheel base (A) = 280 cm Now, writing the steady flow energy equation,
Pivot distance (B) = 140 cm 1
Outer wheels’s turn ( ) = 30° w= M H M V 2 Qrej
2
angle of turn of inner wheel, ( ),
= 2 × 15 – 2 × 2 + 3
B 140 = 30 – 4 + 3 = 29 kw
cot cot cot 30 cot
A 280 17. 711.11

1 2000
cot cot 30 1.732 0.5 1.23 Given: Speed (N) = 2000 rpm = rps
2 60
clearance to radius ratio (c/r) = 1/120
cot 1 1.23 = 39.11 viscosity of lubricant ( ) = 40 × 10–4Pa.s
Bearing pressure (P) = 2.7 mPa
12. 103.22 m/s
Given: Velocity of aeroplane (va) = 400 km/h 2
r N
= 111.11 m/s Now, sommerfelt number (s) =
c P
temperature (t) = 273 + 15 = 288°K
2 200
111.11 111.11 = 120 40 10 4 711.11
Mach number = 6 2.7
Rt 1.4 288 287
18. 980 N/m2
111.11 Given: Reading of manometer (H) = 10 cm = 0.1m
= 0.327
340.17 Density of water ( water) = 1000 kg/m3
when temperature = – 25°C = – 25 + 273 = 248 K gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s2
Pressure difference between gases,
v
Mach number = 0.327 = Pdifference gH = 1000 × 9.8 × 0.1
1.4 248 287
= 0.327 × 315.66 = 980 N/m2
= 103.22 m/s 19. (d) As we know that
13. 6°
viscous diffusion rate
Given: Time taken by stage I (T1) = 1 ms Prandtl number Pr
Time taken by stage II (T2) = 1.5 ms thermal diffusion rate
Speed of engine = 1000 rpm For Pr = 1, = t
Spark advance time = T2 – T1 = 1.5 – 1 For Pr >> 1, > t
= 0.5 ms For Pr << 1, < t
Now, If the speed of engine is doubled = 2000 rpm
then, additional spark advance necessary 3P
Here, r
2 180 0.5 2000 t
=
60 1000 where, = boundary layer thickness (velocity)
= 6° t
= thermal boundary layer thickness
14. 10048 N/m 20. 2.67 kg
Given: diameter (d) = 400 mm = 400 × 10–3 m Given: Mass (M) = 8 kg
velocity (v) = 4 m/s Using the following equation,
1 2 M × R1 × w2 × 50 = M2 × R2 × w2 × (50 + 100)
Lift force (L) = pv Ac2 8 × 50 × 50 × w2 = M2 × 50 × w2 × (150)
2
where, p = air density 8 50 50
v = velocity M2 2.67kg
50 150
1 2 1 2
L pv d 1000 4 400 10 3
2 2 21. 170 sec.
= 10048 N/m Maximum time taken to perform the operations out of five
15. (b) For thermal comfort, It is a situation which is maintained operations = 170 seconds.
when the heat generated by the human metabolism is
The cycle time is the highest time taken by an individual
allowed to dissipate, thus it maintains thermal
work station so the cycle time = 170 seconds.
equilibrium including its surroundings.
16. 29 kw 22. 0.1 mm
Upper limit for hole = 27.080
Given: Mass flow rate (M) = 2kg/s
Lower limit for shaft = 27.000 – 0.020 = 26.98
Increase in specific Enthalpy ( H) = 15 kJ/kg
Now, the maximum clearance = 27.080 – 26.98
Decrease in K.E. = 2 kJ/kg
= 0.1 mm
 10

23. 75 mm Given: Diameter of pipe (d) = 10 m

Given: Initial thickness (ti) = 40 mm Pressure Head (H) = 100 m
Final thickness (tf) = 25 mm Wall thickness (t) = 9 mm = 9 × 10–3 m
Roll diameter (d) = 750 mm
Pressure P diameter d
750 Tensile stress ( ) =
Radius (r) = = 375 mm 2 thickness t
2
where, P = gh
Roll strip contact length = r ti tf P = 1000 × 10 × 100
P = 106 m
= 375 40 25
= 75 mm 106 10 1010 104 106
= 555.6 × 106 MPa
24. (c) Force in spring (i) = Fi = F/2 2 9 10 3 2 9 2 9
Force in spring (ii) = Fii = F/2
2 2
F 0 is known as Laplace equation
Deflection of spring ( 1) = 29. (b) Relation
2K x2 y2
Deflection of spring ( 2) = F/2K for an irrotational flow.
1 F F 30. (a) Given: Number of links (n) = 5
Strain energy = Number of lower pairs (lp) = 6
2 2K 2
Equation of Degree of freedom (DoF) = 3(n – 1) – 2lp – hp
F2 where, hp = Number of higher pairs
= DoF = 3(5 – 1) – 2 × 6
8K
=3×4–2×6
25. 50oC
= 12 – 12 = 0
Given: Temperature difference ( T1) = 110 – 60 = 50°C
31. (d) Saddle key = Transmission of power through frictional
Temperature difference ( T2) = 80 – 30 = 50°C
resistance.
Now, Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference:
Wood-ruff key = Semi-circular in shape
T1 T2 Tangent key = withstands tension in one direction.
LMTD Kennedy key = Strong in shear.
T1
in 32. 0.621
T2
Given, weight (w) = 100N
Stiffness (k) =1kN/m
T1
As, T1 T2 , But, a Height (h) = 2m
T2
mg w× 100
Potential Energy (P.E.) = + + +
a T2 T2 T2 a 1 mgh w×h 100×2 200Nm 100
LMTD
in a in a
1 2 1 2
Now, As, LMTD 1, then LMTD = T2 = 50°C Kinetic Energy (K.E) = K 1000
2 2
Total effect of refrigeration From law of conservation of energy,
26. (c) CoP =
Total work supplied
1000 2 200 100

=
1 500 2 200 100
1 /
P2
1 5 2 2 0
P1 = 0.621
33. 1.5 min
27. 0.5 Given: Spindle speed = 80 rpm
Given: Latent heat generation (RLH) = 50 kw. Cross-feed = 0.3 mm/rev
Sensible heat generation (RSH) = 50 kw. Diameter of work piece = 72 mm
RSH 50 72
Room sensible heat factor (RSHF) = R Depth of cut = = 36 mm
TH 50 50 2

50 Depth of cut 36
= = 0.5 Time taken = 1.5 min
100 Speed feed 80 0.3
28. 555.6 × 106 34. 1843.9J
 11

Given: I = 4500 Amp

R = 375 Load 122.5 103
t = 0.15 s Design stress = 315 = =
Area 2
Heat developed/generated (Qg) = I2Rt D
4
= (4500)2 × 375 × 10–6 × 0.15
= 1139.06 J
122.5 103 4
2 315
D D
2
Heat dissipated (Qd) = P 2t 4
4
2 122.5 103 4
6 10 3 D2 495.4
= 8700 2 0.15 2.5 106 315
4
D = 22.3 mm.
= 1843.9 J
39. 1.8
35. 0.18 mm
Given: Bending moment (M) = 400 kN-m
Given: Hole specification : 540.060
0.000 mm Twisting moment (T) = 300 kN-m
Minimum clearance = 0.04 mm 16
Tolerance on shaft = 0.08 mm Direct stress ( ) = M M2 T2
3
Hole size = 54.000 – 54.060 d
Maximum shaft size = 54.000 – 0.04 = 53.96 mm
16
Minimum size of shaft = 53.96 – 0.08 = 53.88 mm Shear stress ( ) = M2 T2
Maximum clearance = 54.060 – 53.88 d3
= 0.18 mm
36. 1482 Pulses M M2 T2
Given: Distance moved = 230 mm Ratio of ( to ) =
Pitch = 9 mm M2 T2
Number of pulses = 58 pulses/rev.
Number of pulses received 400 400
2
300
2

Distance moved = = 1.8

×Number of Pulses 2 2
= 400 300
Pitch

230 40. 0.6

= 58 1482.22 1482 Pulses
9
37. 0.0871 Probability (P) =
Rate of arrival ( ) = 0.8 Parts/min.
where, customer per unit time/ arrival at average rate.
1.8 customer served at average rate.
= 0.90/min.
2 Given: = 6 persons/hour
0.8 = 10 persons/hour
So, the probability (P) = 0.89
0.9 6
probability of arriving random parts while 9 parts already Probability (P) = = 0.6
10
exists = Pn 1 P 41. 2.51 kN/m2.
Given: Humidity ratio (y) = 0.016 kN/m2
= 0.8910 (1 – 0.89)
= 0.0871 Pw
38. 22.3 mm Humidity ratio (y) = 0.62198
Pa Pw
Given: Maximum Load = 980.175 KN
Number of bolts = 8 where, Pw = Partial pressure of water vapour.
Pa = Atmospheric pressure of moist air.
980.175 103
Load on one bolt = = 122.5 × 103N Pw
8 y 0.62198 0.016
Design stress = 315 N/mm2 100 Pw
Let ‘D’ be the diameter for design stress.
 12

Given: D1 = 50 mm, d1 = 5 mm, 2

Pw 1 = 20 N/mm
0.016
D2 = 30, d1 = 3 mm,
100 Pw 0.62198
8w1D1 d32
Pw = 2.51 kN/m2. 1
42. – rad/s 2 d13 8w 2 D 2
Given: Angle of rotation of a given rigid body
= 0 + At + Bt2 D1 d32
20
on differentiating, = A + 2Bt [w1 = w2]
At, t = 0, = , A = 4 rad/s 2 d13 D2
At, t = 1, = ,
3
then, 2 = 4 + 2B 20 50 3 20
0.36
2B = 2 –4 = – 2 3 30
2 5 2
B = – rad/s
42. 100 kw 20
Given: Heat supplied (Q) = 100 kw. 2 55.56 N / mm 2
0.36
From first law of thermodynamics,
46. 650 rpm
U=Q –w Given: Speed = 3.9 m/min
Q= u+w Pitch of screw = 6 mm
where, w = work done by system. Diameter = 30 mm
u = Internal energy
Here, u = m × cv × t Speed 3.9 103
Speed of screw = = 650rpm
for isothermal process, temperature remains constant. Pitch of screw 6
i.e., t = 0 6
47. 3.5 × 10 revolutions
u= 0 Given: Dynamic capacity (Cr) = 18000 N
Q = w = 100 kw Equivalent static load (Pr) = 5500 N
44. 0.5 mm Basic static capacity = 11000 N
Given: Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness Cr 18000
( x) = 0.5 mm Loading ratio (L) = P 3.3
r 5500
Dynamic viscosity ( ) = 25 × 10–6 Pa-s
Specific heat = 2 kJ/kg-k 3
Cr 3
thermal conductivity (k) = 0.05 w/mk. Life = 106 3.3 106 = 3.5 × 106 revolutions
Pr
viscour diffusion rate Cp
Prandtl number Pr 48. Given : Teeth on annular wheel (TA) = 100
thermal diffusion rate k Teeth on planet wheel (TP) = 20
TA = 2TP + TS [where TS = Teeth on sun wheel]
2 25 10 6 1000 100 = 2 × 20 + TS
Pr 1
0.05 TS = 100 – 40 = 60
49. Shearing stress induced in cotter joint, (P) = 2b × t ×
Now, using the following equation, shear
where, P = Load acting, shear = shear stress
x x thermal 3 Pr t = thickness
b = width
where, x = Hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness.
Given: P = 60 KN = 60 × 103 N , t = 12 mm, b = 50 mm
x thermal = thermal boundary layer thickness. 60 × 103 = 2 × 50 × 12 × shear

0.5 x thermal 3 1 60 103

shear = 50 N/mm2
2 50 12
x thermal 0.5mm
Average time Rating of performance
45. 55.56 N/mm2 50. Normal time =
Shear stress of closed coil helical spring. 100

8wD 40 140
=
3 100
d
where, w = axial load. = 56 seconds
D = mean coil diameter. 51. Given: temperature difference ( t) = (30 – t2)
d = diameter of spring wire.
 13

200 max min

mass flow rate (m) = 200 L/h = L/S Maximum shear stress ( max) =
3600 2
specific heat of water (c) = 4.18 KJ/kg-k 3 2
=
One ton of refrigeration (ITR) = 3.517 kw 2 2
Now, using following equation
N 2
Ratio 2
200
q mC t 4.18 30 t 2
3600 56. Coefficient of friction at chip-tool interface ( )
3.517 = 0.232 (30 – t2)
Thrust force Fth
15.15 = 30 – t2 t2 = 30 – 15.15 = 14.85 15 C tan =
Cutting force Fcut
52. (c) Using the following equation for principal stresses,
Given : Fth = 500 N, Fcut = 1000 N, = 0
2 500 1
x y x y 2 tan 0
1,2 xy 1000 2
2 2
1
Given: 1 or 2= 0 0.5
2
2 57. Given Optimistic time (to) = 2 min.
x y x y 2 Most likely time (tm) = 5 min.
0 xy
2 2 Pessimistic time (tp) = 8 min.
to 4t m tp
2 2 Expected time of activity (E) =
x y 2 x y 6
xy
2 2 2 4 5 8 30
= = = 5 min.
6 6
2 2 2 2
2 x y x y 4 x y u hf rR h
xy x y 58. Wall shear stress (
4 wall) =
y L
where, hf = Head loss
xy x y r = specific weight
53. Given: expansion index (K) = 1.135 Rh = hydraulic radius
K wall = 70 × 1000
2 K 1 59. As we know that,
Critical pressure ratio = change in dimension ( l) = l l T
K 1 where, T = change in temperature
1.135 l =coefficient of thermal expansion
2 1.135 1 l = side length
= Given: l = 1 cm, T = 1°C, l =
1.135 1
Change in side length ( l) = 1 × × 1 =
= 0.937 8.41 Change/increase in volume = 3 cm3
60. Given: Length of cylindrical casting = diameter of casting
= 0.58 =D
54. Given: Crank to connected ratio (r) = 1:5 or 1/5
2
Crank speed (h) = 3000 rpm D D3
Volume of cylinder (Vc) = r2h = D
2 h 2 3.14 3000 2 4
Angular velocity (w) = = 314 Surface area of cylinder (AC) = 2 r(r + h)
60 60
w cos D D 3D2 6 D2 3 D2
Connecting rod angular velocity (wc) = = 2 D =2
r 2 2 4 4 2
w c max , when cos =1 D3
4 2 D3 D
w 314
then, w c max = = 2.73 Ratio of VC/AC = 3 D2 4 3 D2 6
r 115
55. Given : Principal stresses: 1 = 3 , 2
2=
3 4 (Diameter)8 times hevier = 3 8D 2D
Normal stress ( n) = 1 2 2
2 2 2 2
V
As we know that, solidification time (t) = B
A
 14

when B = constant
1 x1 1 x1
t1 V2 / A 2
2
t 2 V1 / A1
2 = n In x In
6 k7
0.0119
n 1
t2 2 t1 V / A 2
V1 / A1 2 2 x1
In = 0.0119 × 6 = 0.0714
2 x7
2D16 4D 2
t2 25 25
D16
2
D2 x1
x7
= e0.0714 = 1.074
t2 = 100 mins.
61. Given: Maximum punch load (Pmax) = 8 × 106 N 65. Given: Enthalpy at compression start (Hc) = 85 KJ/kg
Enthalpy at end of compression (He) = 185 KJ/kg
40
Penetration by percent ( x) = 40% = Enthalpy at end of condensation (Hcon.) = 210 KJ/kg
100
Plate thickness (t) = 9 mm = 9 × 10–3 m H e Hc 185 85
COP vapour compression =
Work done during shearing operation (w) system H con. H e 210 185
= Pmax × Dx × t
100
6 40 = =4
= 8 10 9 10 3 25
100 66. (b) Given: confidence level (c) = 95%
2 4
= 288 10 2.9 10 J 5
62. Given: Actual demand for first period (Dt–1)= 92 units Accuracy (A) = 5% = = 0.05
100
Forecast (St–1) = 96 units.
Exponential smoothing factor ( ) = 0.5 c 0
Occurrence of events (Po) =
Forecast for next period (St) = Dt–1 + (1 – )St–1 A
= 0.5 × 92 + (1 – 0.5) 96 where, Po = 400 observations out of 100
= 46 + 48 = 94 units 40
63. Given: Distance travelled, S = 6t3 – 4t2 + 9 = = 0.4
Mass (m) = 2 kg 100
On differentiating equation two times, we get Po 1 Po 0.4 1 0.4
2 o
d S N N
Acceleration (a) =
dt 2 2 0.4 0.6
0.4
ds d 2s 0.05 N
18t 2 8t , 36t 8
dt dt 2 0.4 40 0.24 / N
a of t = 9, (a)9 = 36(9) – 8 = 316 m/s2 1600 0.29 384
Now, Force acting on the body (F) = ma 0.16
N N
= 2 × 316
= 632 N N = 2400
64. Given: mass (m) = 8 kg, spring stiffness (k) = 200 N/m. 67. (c) The vertical distance of centre of pressure below the

0.003 IG sin 2
Damping coefficient (c) = = 0.15 N-s/m centroid of plane area will be
0.02 A.h
68. Given : Pressure (P) = 0.2 MPa
K 200 Inner radius (R1) = 100mm
frequency of vibration (w) = = 5 rad/s
M 8 Outer radius (R2) = 200mm
Critical damping (cc) = 2w × m = 2 × 5 × 8 = 80N-s/m Axial force (F) = Pressure × Area
c 0.15 = 0.2 R 22 R12
Damping ratio ( ) = = 0.0019
cc 80
2 2
Now, logarithmic decreament ( ) = 0.2 3.14 200 100
2 2 3.14 0.0019
= = 0.2 3.14 100 300 = 18840 N
1 2 2
1 0.0019 69. Using method of sections, cut three members PQ, QT and
TU by reaction (1) - (1) and considering the equilibrium of
0.011932 0.011932 right portion of truss.
=
1 0.00000361 0.999
0.011932
= 0.0119
0.999
 15

74. (c) Helix angle for maximum efficiency of a square threaded

3m 3m 3m 3m screw = (45 – /2).
P 1 75. (d) Writing the equation for ratio of tensions in belt,
Q R S
4m T1
e
T2
6m U where, T1 = Tension in slack side
18 KN
T2 = Tension in tight side
T Power transmission (P) = (T1 – T2) × v

1 T1
= T1 v
e
Taking moment about T,
FPQ × QT = 18 × 6
1
18 6 18 6 = T1 1 v
FPQ e
= 27 KN
QT 4
70. Given: Velocity of particle (v) = 9 – 0.06x. Or, P T1 AV 2 1 eµ
(particle at rest) At v = 0, 9 – 0.06x = 0 x = 150 m
dv dx For maximum power,
Now, Acceleration (A) = 0.06 = – 0.06 × velocity
dt dt dP
T1 3 AV 2 1 e 0
dx dv
At t = 0, v = 9 m/s
dt
So, Acceleration (A) = – 9 × 0.06 = – 0.54 m/s2 T1 3 AV 2 3TC
71. (c) Given: heat supplied (qs) = 2700 KJ/min where, TC = centrifugal tension
Temperature (Ts) = 550 = 823°K
Heat rejection (qs) = 1000 KJ/min wL2
Temperature (Tr) = 99°C = 372°k 76. (c) Slope of cantilever at free end =
8EI
qs qr 2700 1000 where w = Load, L = length, E = Young’s modulur of
Efficiency
qs 2700 Elasticity, I = Moment of inertia.
= 0.63 or 63% 77. (d) Nodular cast iron consists of carbon in rosette form. It
is a grey cast iron with lamellar graphite. It contains
823 372
Efficiency for ideal cycle ( 0.04 to 0.06% magnesium, cerium. Properties depend
ideal) =
823 on size, number and arrangement of graphite bollos in
= 54.8% cast iron.
Av, Efficiency ( ) is more than Ideal efficiency, 78. Given: Diameter of ram (d1) = 20 cm = 0.2 m
So heat engine is impossible. Diameter of plunger (d2) = 5 cm = 0.05 m.
72. Given: Initial pressure (Pi) = 3MPa Weight of liquid (w) = 16 ×1 04 N
Final pressure (Pf) = 3.5 MPa Force required (f) = ?
Initial density i = 500 kg/m3
Final density ( f) = 504 kg/m3 Force / Load w
Pressure exerted on ram (P1)
P Area A1
Bulk modulur (K) =
P
16 104
where, = density, p = change in pressure =
A1
= Pf – Pi = 3.5 – 3
= 0.5 MPa
f
= 504 – 500 = 4 Kg/m3 Pressure on Plunger (P2) =
A2
0.5
K 500 = 62.5 MPa Now, equating the above two pressure,
4
P1 = P2
2 w f A2
R1 f w
73. (d) Ratio of centripetal force = A1 A2 A1
R2
 16

n
d2
2
2 V1 1 1
0.05 n
4 4 4 4 2V1 8 3
f = 16 10 = 16 10 1 10 N
d1
2 0.2
4 85. Probability of project completion = 0.844 = 84.4%

79. Enthalpy drop in the stator blades (Hstator) = 4.62 kJ/kg 86. (a) H50 0.015 0.010
0.005 h 50 0.000
Enthalpy drop in the rotor blade (Hrotor) = 2.38 kJ/Kg The above specifications come under the category of
H Rotor H Rotor clearance fit.
Degree of Reaction (R) = 87. Given; Working temperature in evaporators (tevap) = – 23°C
Hstage H Rotor Hstator
= 250°K
2.38 2.38 Working temperature in condensor (tcond) = 27°C = 300°K
= 0.34 (COP)Refrigerator = 0.8 × (COP)max.
2.38 4.62 7
80. (c) Let s be the allowable shear stress, and ‘A’ be the throat t evap. 250 250
COP max imum =
area, t cond. t evap. 300 250 50
then Load (P) = Throat area × allowable shear stress
=A× s =5
where, Throat area (A) = 6.707 Hl (COP)Refrigerator = 0.8 × 5 = 4
H size of well, l length of weld Refrigeration effect = (COP)refrigerator × power input
P = 0.707 Hl × s = 4 × 1 = 4 kw
88. (b) Equivalent stiffness (Keq1) for K1 and K1,
P P Keq(1) = K1 + K1 = 2K1
s or
0.707Hl 0.707hl Equivalent stiffnesss (keq2) for K2 and K2,
81. (c) State of pure shear Keq(2) = K2 + K2 = 2K2
Now, combined spring constant = 2K1 + 2K2
= 2(K1 + K2)
89. The new temperature scale (°P),
P = A + BT
At (P)100°P , 100 = A + 100B ...(1)
At (P)300°P, 300 = A + 0 A = 300 ...(2)
On solving equation (1) and (2),
B = –2, A = 300
82. Given : Static deflection ( x) = 4mm = 4 × 10–3 m Putting values of A and B,
g = 9.8 m/s2 °P = 300 – 2T°C = 0

g 9.8 300
then, initial speed (w) = = 2T°C = 300 T C = 150°C
3 2
x 4 10
90. (c) Vaporization = ED
2.45 103 = 49.5 rad/s
= Fusion = EG
83. Given: Modulus of elasticity (E) = 200 GN/m2 Sublimation = EF
Poisson’s ratio ( ) = 0.25 91. Given, thickness of wall (t) = 10 cm = 0.1 m ,
Now, writing relation between E, G and ,
Q
E 200 2 Rate of heat transfer (Q)rate = 30 w/m2 Here, Qrat
G 806N / m A
2 1 2 0.25 1
Temperature difference ( t) = 10°C p [where, A = Area]
84. (b) Writing Taylor’s tool life equation,
K t
30
VTn constant Rate of heat transfer (Qrate) =
t
V1T1n V2 T2n constant K 10 30 0.1
30 K = 0.3 w/m-k
0.1 10
n
V1 T2 92. Given: Outdoor dry bulb temperature = 45°C
V2 T1 Indoor dry bulb temperature = 25°C
Space = (20 × 30 × 5)m3
1 Density = 1.2 kg/m3
Given, V2 =2V1, T2 T1
Specific heat = 1.02 kJ/k°C
8
 17

20 30 5 R B 2L RA L
Sensitive heat load (SHL) = 0.02 45 25
60 RB L 1
= 20 kw RA 2R B
RA 2L 2
93. Specific gravity of wooden block = 0.7
Now, RA + RB + P = 0
94. (c) In the formula,
RA + RB = – P
P P
Cavitation number ( ) = P 120
PV 2 / 2 3RB = – P RB = – 40 KN
3 3
P Vapour pressure of fluid RA = – 80 KN, RB = – 40 KN
95. (d) In otto cycle, thermal efficiency is highest and in diesel (Negative sign shown that reaction should be taken in
cycle, thermal efficiency is minimum. While thermal opposite direction).
efficiency of dual cycle lie in between the above two. 98. Heat generated in weld (Qg)
As Heat rejection for otto cycle is minimum and for
diesel cycle, if is maximum. So, Qg I 2 Rt
otto dual diesel where, I = current,
96. Given: Specific heat (CP) = 4 kJ/KgK R = Resistance
Enthalpy (DH) = 2400 kJ/kg t = time,
Temperature = 30°C Given: I = 6000 amp, R = 250× 10–6 , t = 0.185
dry steam (DS) =0.9 Qg = (6000)2 × 250 × 10–6 × 0.18
Net heat supplied in boiler = Q + H = 1620 J
= CpdT + H × DS 99. Given: Minimum hole size = 45 + 0.02 = 45.02 mm
= 4(100 – 30) + 2400 × 0.9 Maximum hole size = 45.02 + 0.05 = 45.07 mm
= 4 × 70 + 2160 Maximum clearance = 45.07 – 45 = 0.07 mm
= 2440 kJ/Kg 100. Given: Number of units = 4000
97. Free Body diagram, Delivery lead time = 9 days
Applying equilibrium conditions, 4000
Reorder level (point) = 9 98.6 99 units
L 2L 365
A B
101. (d) Laser welding = welding very thin materials
Friction welding = welding a rod to a flat surface
P Ultrasonic welding = Fabrication of nuclear reactor
RA RB components.
Explosive welding = uniting large area shuts

RA L R B 2L
0
EA EA