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Protection of Radial Feeder

The presentation is about the protection of simplest feeder (called a radial feeder) used for the distribution of electrical power.

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Onake
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1K views9 pages

Protection of Radial Feeder

The presentation is about the protection of simplest feeder (called a radial feeder) used for the distribution of electrical power.

Uploaded by

Onake
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Protection of Radial Feeder

Time-graded Overcurrent
Protection:
Radial Feeder
Radial Feeder:

The main characteristic of a radial system is that


the electrical power can flow ONLY in one
direction, from generator (supply) end to the
load.
It has the disadvantage that continuity of supply
can not be maintained at the receiving end in
the event of fault.
Time-graded protection of a radial feeder can be
achieved by using:
Definite-time Relays, and
Inverse-time Relays.
Radial Feeder: Time-graded Overcurrent
Protection using Definite-time Relays

Time-graded Overcurrent Protection of Radial Feeder using Definite-time Relays


Radial Feeder: Time-graded
Overcurrent Protection using Definite-
time Relays
Figure shows the overcurrent protection of a radial
feeder by definite-time relays.
The time of operation of each relay is FIXED.
It is independent of the operating current.
Thus, relay D has an operating time of 0.5 second
while for other relays, the time-delay is successfully
increased by 0.5 second.
This time delay depends upon the speed of CB
tripping.
Sufficient time delay must be allowed to permit the CB
on the faulted section to clear the fault before the next
relay in the sequence trips.
The time-delay usually varies from 0.25 second to 0.5
second.
Radial Feeder: Time-graded
Overcurrent Protection using Definite-
time Relays
If the fault occurs in the section DE, it will be
cleared in 0.5 second by the relay & circuit
breaker D.
This is because all other relays have higher
operating time.
In this way, only section DE of the system will be
isolated.
If D fails to trip, the relay at C will operate after a
time delay of 0.5 second. i.e., 1 second from the
occurrence of the fault.
Radial Feeder: Time-graded
Overcurrent Protection using Definite-
time Relays
Disadvantage of this system is:
If there are a number of feeders in series, the
tripping time for faults near the supply end
becomes high (2 seconds, in this case).
In most cases, it is necessary to limit the maximum
tripping time to 2 seconds.
This disadvantage can be overcome to a
reasonable extent by using inverse-time relays.
Radial Feeder: Time-graded Overcurrent
Protection using Inverse-time Relays

Time-graded Overcurrent Protection of Radial Feeder using Inverse-time Relays


Radial Feeder: Time-graded Overcurrent
Protection using Inverse-time Relays

Figure shows the overcurrent protection of a


radial feeder using inverse-time relays.
In these, the operating time is inversely
proportional to the operating current.
The farther the CB from the generating station,
the shorter is its relay operating time.
The 3 relays at A, B and C are assumed to have
inverse-time characteristics.
A fault in section BC will give relay times which will
allow breaker at B to trip out before the breaker
at A.

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