2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

Jharkhand University of Technology

Jharkhand, Ranchi
Proposed Syllabus for B.Tech 3rd Semester

Electronics and Communication Engineering

2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

Electronics and Communication Engineering

3rd semester course structure

Course
Sl. No. Subject L T P Credit
Code
01 EC301 Basic Electronics 3 1 0 3
02 EC302 Digital Electronics And Logic Design 3 1 0 3
03 EE302 Network Theory 3 1 0 3
04 EE303 Electromagnetic Field Theory 3 1 0 3
05 BSC301 Mathematics-III 3 1 0 4
06 BSC302 Environmental Science 2 0 0 0

01 EC301P Basic Electronics Lab 0 0 3 1

EC302P Digital Electronics And Logic Design
02 0 0 3 1
Lab
03 EE302P Network Theory Lab 0 0 3 1
EX301 Extra Activities (NSO/NSS/NCC/Yoga
04 0 0 2 1
/ Creative Arts/Mini Project)
05 HS301 Communication Skill Lab 0 0 2 1
Total credit 21
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

MATHEMATICS III
COMMON FOR ALL BRANCH) (
Course code –BSC- 301
L T P CR.
3 1 0 4
Module I
Laplace Transformation: Laplace Transformation and its applications, Inverse
Laplace Transformation, Convolution Theorem, Solution of ODE by Laplace
Transformation.
Module II
Fourier Transform: Complex form of Fourier series, Fourier Transformation and
inverse Fourier Transformation, sine,cosine Transformation, Inverse
Transformations -simple illustration.
Module III
Z-Transform: Inverse Z-Transform- Properties – Initial and final value theorems-
convolution theorem- Difference equations, Solution of Difference equations using
Z-Transformation.
Module IV
Partial Differential Equations: Solution of Wave equation, Heat equation,
Laplace’s equation by the method of separation of variables and its applications.
Solution of PDE by Laplace Transformation.
Module V
Numerical Method: Finite difference, Symbolic relations, Interpolation and
Extrapolation, Newton – Gregory forward and backward formula, Gauss forward
and backward formula, Lagrange’s formula , Inverse Interpolation by Lagrange’s
formula , Numerical Differentiation and Numerical Integration : Trapezoidal rule ,
Simpson’s 1/3rd rule , Simpson’s 3/8th rule ,Weddle quadrature formula.

Text Books
 Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons.
 Ramana B.V., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi,2010.
 B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 44th Edition.

Reference Books

 R. J. Beerends ,H. G. Ter Morsche ,J. C. Van Den Berg, E. M. Van De Vrie, Fourier and
Laplace Transforms, Cambridge University Press.
 Sastry S.S, Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, PHI.

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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

BASIC ELECTRONICS
(ECE, EEE, EE,CSE, IT)
Course code -EC 301
L T P CR.
3 1 0 3

Module I: Basic Electronic Components

Active and Passive Components, Types of resistors and Colour coding, Capacitors,
Inductors applications of Resistor, Capacitor and Inductor, Relay, LDR, Basic
Integrated Circuits ( IC 7805, 7809, 7812, 555 etc.).Measuring Instruments like
CRO, Power supply, Multi-meters etc.

Module II: Semiconductors

Difference between Insulators, Semiconductors and Conductors, Mobility and
Conductivity, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Fermi Level, Energy band,
Charge Densities in Semiconductors, Mass Action Law, Current Components in
Semiconductors, Drift and Diffusion Current, The Continuity Equation, Injected
Minority Charge Carrier, Hall Effect, P-N Junction Diode, construction, working,
characteristics and diode equation Application of Diode, Rectifier: Half Wave, Full
Wave and Bridge Rectifier, Zener Diode and its Applications, Varactor Diode,
Schottky Diode, Regulated Power Supply using Zener Diode and Regulated ICs,
LED, Photodetector.

Module III: Transistors

Construction, Working, Modes and Configuration of BJT, Input and Output
Characteristics of all Configurations, Comparison of all Configuration & Modes,
BJT as a Switch and as an Amplifier. JFET Construction, working and
characteristics. MOSFET Construction, working and Characteristics, Types of
MOSFET.

Module IV: Power electronic devices Communication engineering

Construction, characteristics and working of SCR, DIAC, TRIAC and UJT.
Introduction, Characteristics and applications of Operational Amplifier (IC741).
Modulation and its types.

Module V: Digital Logic and basic circuit Design

Number systems and conversion (DECIMAL, OCTAL,
HEXADECIMAL,BINARY, BCD etc.),binary addition and subtraction, Logic
Gates and their truth-table ,Boolean algebra .Design of Single Stage Amplifier,
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
LED Driver Circuit, Infrared Transmitter Receiver Circuit, LDR Driver Circuit,
Relay Driver Circuit, Square Wave and Fix Frequency Generator using 555 IC.

Text Books
1. Basic Electronics and Linear Circuits by N. N. Bhargava, D. C. Kulshreshtha and S. C. Gupta,
TMH Publications.
2. Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant A. Gayakwad, PHI Publications.
3. Electronic Devices and Circuits by Godse and Bakshi Technical, Vol-1 Technical Publication
Pune.
Reference Books
1. Integrated Devices & Circuits by Millman & Halkias, TMH Publications.
2. Electronics Devices and Circuit Theory by R. Boylestad & L. Nashelsky, Pearson Publication
3. Electronic Communication System by G. Kennedy, TMH Publications.
4. Basic Electronics by Sanjeev Kumar & Vandana Sachdeva, Paragaon International Publication

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DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND LOGIC DESIGN

(ECE, CSE, IT)
Course code -EC 302
L T P CR.
3 1 0 3

Module I: Binary Codes and Boolean algebra

Analog and Digital, Binary Number System. Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication,
Division of binary numbers, Subtraction using 2’s complement method. Binary
codes: weighted and non weighted codes, self complementary codes, BCD,
Excess-3, Gray codes, Alphanumeric codes, ASCII Codes. Boolean algebra:
Boolean Laws and Expression using Logic
Gates, Realization of different gates using Universal gates, DeMorgan’s Theorem,
Duality Theorems.
Module II: Boolean function minimization Techniques
Standard forms: SOP, POS, Simplification of Switching function & representation
(Maxterm & Minterm), Boolean expression & representation using logic gates,
Propagation delay in logic gate. Karnaugh map: K-map(up to 5 variables),
mapping and minimization of SOP and POS expression, Don’t care condition,
conversion from SOP to POS and POS to SOP form using K-map, Minimization of
multiple output circuits, Quine Mc-cluskey method minimization technique, prime
implicant table, Don’t care condition.

Module III: Combinational Circuits Design

Adder & Subs tractor (Half and Full), Parallel Binary adder, BCD Adder, Binary
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
multipliers, Code Converters, parity bit generator, Comparators, Decoder, BCD to
7-segment Decoder, Encoders, Priority Encoders, Multiplexers, De Multiplexers.
Module IV: Sequential Circuits Elements
Introduction to sequential circuit, Flip-flop & Timing Circuits: SR latch, Gated
latch, Tri state logic, Edge triggered flip-plop: - D, JK, T Flip-flop, flip-flop
asynchronous inputs ,characteristic table of Flip-flop, excitation table of Flip-flop,
master slave JK flip flop, inter conversion of Flip-flop. Study of timing parameters
of flip-flop. Shift registers: buffer register, controlled buffer register. Data
transmission in shift resistor SISO, SIPO, PISO, PIPO, Bidirectional shift register,
universal shift registers. Counter: Classification, Ripple or asynchronous counter,
Effect of propagation delay in ripple counters, up-down counter, Design of Mod-n
counter, synchronous counter, Ring counter, Johnson counter. Introduction to
FSM. Design of synchronous FSM, Algorithmic State Machines charts. Designing
synchronous circuits like Pulse train generator.

Module V: Logic Families and VLSI Design flow

Logic Families and Semiconductor Memories: TTL NAND gate, Specifications,
Noise margin, Propagation delay, fan-in, fan-out, Tristate TTL, ECL, CMOS
families and their interfacing, Memory elements, Concept of Programmable logic
devices like FPGA, Logic implementation using Programmable Devices VLSI
Design flow: Design entry, Schematic, FSM & HDL, different modeling styles in
VHDL, Data types and objects, Dataflow, Behavioral and Structural Modeling,
Synthesis and Simulation VHDL constructs and codes for combinational and
sequential circuits

Text Books :
1. Kharate “Digital Electronics” OXFORD Publication
2. A. Anand Kumar ‘Fundamentals of Digital Circuits’. PHI Publications
3. R.P. Jain-‘Modern Digital Electronics’ IIIrd Edition- Tata Mc Graw Hill, Publication
4. Douglas Perry, “VHDL”, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2002.
5. Charles Roth, “Digital System Design using VHDL”, Tata McGraw Hill 2nd edition
6. Bhaskar VHDL BASED DESIGN ,PEARSON EDUCATION

Reference Books:
1. Rajkamal ‘Digital Systems Principals and Design’ Pearson Education
2. A.P. Malvino, D.P. Leach ‘Digital Principles & Applicatios’ -VIth Edition-TMH
publication.
3. M. Morris Mano ‘Digital Design’ (Third Edition). PHI Publications
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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

NETWORK THEORY
(ECE, EEE, EE)
Course code -EE 302
L T P CR.
3 1 0 3

Module I: Circuit Fundamentals

Voltage sources, Current sources, Conversion of voltage sources to current sources
and vice a versa. Network terminology :- Node, Junction, Branch, Loop, Network
solution by branch current method, Loop or Mesh current method, Node voltage
method, Star delta connection and conversion. Node and Mesh Analysis, matrix
approach of network containing voltage and current sources, and reactance’s,
source transformation and duality. Network theorems: Superposition, reciprocity,
Thevenin’s, Norton’s, Maximum power Transfer, compensation and Tallegen's
theorem as applied to AC, circuits. Trigonometric and exponential Fourier series:
Discrete spectra and symmetry of waveform, steady state response of a network to
non-sinusoidal periodic inputs, power factor, effective values, Fourier transform
and continuous spectra, three phase unbalanced circuit and power calculation.

Module II: Resonance Circuits

Series resonance circuit, Frequency response of a series resonant circuit, Q factor,
Bandwidth, selectivity, Effect of Q on bandwidth and selectivity, Relation between
bandwidth and Q, Impedance of a series resonant circuit, Resonance by variation
of L and C, Parallel resonant circuit and effect of resistance of a capacitance,
Frequency response of parallel resonant circuit.

Module III: Two- Port Network

Two- port network parameters, r, y, z, h, A B C D relation between the parameters,
Inter-conversion of two port networks, cascade connection series connection, series
parallel connection, T and M network representation of a two port network.

Module IV: Network Functions

Laplace transform, Transform of a voltage and current, Transform of circuit
elements, Network functions, Poles and zeros of the network functions, Pole zero
plot,Physical significance of poles and zeroes, Stability, Two-port network
parameters in the frequency domain Transient response: - step input response in
RL circuit, step input response in R-C circuit, step input response in
R-L-C circuit, ac transients.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Module V: filters and attenuators
Definitions, classification and characteristics of different filters, filter fundamentals
such as attenuation constant(alpha), phase shift (beta), propagation constant
(gamma), characteristic impedance (Zo), decibel, neper. Design and analysis of
constant K, M derived and composite filters (low pass, high pass, band pass, and
band stop filters): T and PI sections. Definitions, classification, relation between
neper and decibel, analysis and design of T type, PI type, alpha lattice, bridged –T
and L types attenuators.

Text Books:
1. "A.Sudhakar, Shymmohan S. Palli, ‗Circuit and Network – Analysis and Synthesis‘, 3 rd
Edition, Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
2. Van, Valkenburg; “Network analysis”; Prentice hall of India, 2000.
3. A. Chakrabarti, ‗Circuit theory (Analysis and Synthesis)‘, IIIrd edition, Dhanpat Rai and Co.

Reference Books:
1. D. Roy Choudhuri, ‗Networks and Systems‘, New Age International Pu blisher.
2. M.E.Van Valkenburg Network Analysis‘, IIIrd edition, Pearsons Education/PHI.
3.Josheph Edministrar, ‗Theory and Problems of Electronic Circuit (Schaum‘s Series) – Tata
McGraw Hill Publication.
4. Soni Gupta, ‗Electrical Circuit Analysis‘, Dhanp at Rai and Co.
5. Boylestad, ‗Introductory Circuit Analysis‘, Universal Book Stall, New

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ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY

(ECE, EEE, EE)
Course code -EE 303
L T P CR.
3 1 0 3

Module I: Coordinate Systems and Transformation:

Basics of Vectors: Addition, subtraction and multiplications; Cartesian,
Cylindrical, Spherical transformation. Vector calculus: Differential length, area
and volume, line surface and volume integrals, Del operator, Gradient, Divergence
of a vector, Divergence theorem, Curl of a vector, Stokes’s theorem, Laplacian of a
scalar.

Module II: Electrostatic fields:

2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Coulombs law and field intensity, Electric field due to charge distribution, Electric
flux density, Gausses’ Law- Maxwell’s equation, Electric dipole and flux line,
Energy density in electrostatic fields, Electric field in material space: Properties of
materials, convection and conduction currents, conductors, polarization in
dielectrics, Dielectric-constants, Continuity equation and relaxation time, boundary
conditions, Electrostatic boundary value problems: Poisson’s and Laplace’s
equations., Methods of Images.

Module III: Magneto Statics:

Magneto-static fields, Biot - Savart’s Law, Ampere’s circuit law, Maxwell’s
equation, Application of ampere’s law, Magnetic flux density- Maxwell’s
equation, Maxwell’s equation for static fields, magnetic scalar and vector potential.

Module IV: Magnetic Forces:

Materials and devices, Forces due to magnetic field, Magnetic torque and moment,
a magnetic dipole. Magnetization in materials, Magnetic boundary conditions,
Inductors and inductances, Magnetic energy.

Module V: Waves and Applications:

Maxwell’s equation, Faraday’s Law, transformer and motional electromotive
forces, Displacement current, Maxwell’s equation in final form Electromagnetic
wave propagation: Wave propagation in loss dielectrics, Plane waves in lossless
dielectrics Plane wave in free space. Plain waves in good conductors, Power and
the pointing vector, Reflection of a plain wave in a normal incidence. Transmission
Lines, and Smith Chart.

Text Book:
1. MNO Sadiku, “Elements of Electromagnetic’, Oxford University Press.

Reference Books:
1. WH Hayt and JA Buck, “Engineering Electromagnetic”, McGraw- Hill Education.
2. Antenna and wave propagation by k.d parsad satya prakashan.

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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Course code –BSC 302
L T P CR.
2 0 0 0
(COMMON FOR ALL BRANCH)

Module-1
Concept and scope of Environment science, components of environment, environmental
segment and their importance. (2 Hrs)
Module-II

Ecology: Ecosystem and its characteristics features, structure and function of forest ecosystem,
grassland ecosystem, desert ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem, ecological balance and
consequences of imbalance. (4 Hrs)
Module-III
Atmosphere: Atmospheric composition, energy balance, climate, weather, depletion of ozone
layer, green house effect, acid rain, particles, ions and radicals in the atmosphere, chemical and
photochemical reactions in the atmosphere.
Module-IV (4 Hrs)
Air pollution and control: Air pollutants, sources and effect of air pollutants, primary and
secondary pollutants, photochemical smog, fly ash, inorganic and organic particulate matter. Air
quality standards, sampling, monitoring and control measures for pollutants.
(4 Hrs)
Module-V
Water pollution and control: Aquatic environment, water pollution, sources and their effect, lake
and ground water pollution, eutrophication, water quality standard and water pollution control
measures, waste water treatment.
Module-VI (4 Hrs)
Land pollution; Lithosphere, composition of soil, acid base and ion exchange reactions in soil,
soil erosion, landslides, desertification, pollutants (municipal, industrial, commercial, agricultural
, hazardous solid wastes), origin and effects, collection and disposal of solid wastes, recovery
and conversion methods. (5 Hrs)
Module-VII
Noise pollution; Noise classification and its sources, effects and measurement, noise pollution
hazards, standards and noise pollution control. (2 Hrs)

Books and References:

1. Master, G.M Introduction to environment engineering and science, Pearson Education.

2. Nebel, B.J., Environment science, Prentice Hall Inc.
3. Odum, E.P. Ecology: The link between the natural and social sciences. IBH Publishing
Company Delhi
4. De, A.K. Environmental Chemistry, Merrut.
5. Sharma B.K Envrionmental Chemistry, Krishna Prakashan Media Merrut.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
6. Kaushik, A and Kaushik, C.P. Perspectives in Environmental studies, New Age
International Publication.
7. Menon, S.E. Environmental Chemistry.

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BASIC ELECTRONICS LAB

(ECE, EEE, EE)
Course code -EC 301P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Identification and testing of Resistors, Inductors, Capacitors, PN-Diode. Zener Diode, LED,
LCD, LDR, BJT, Photo Diode, Photo Transistor,
2. Measurement of voltage and current using multimeter ,Measure the frequency and Amplitude
of a signal with the help of CRO and function generator.
3. Study of p-n junction diode AND Zener Diode I-V characteristics
4. Assemble the single phase half wave and full wave bridge rectifier & the analyze effect of
capacitor as a filter(only study of waveforms).
5. Study of Zener diode as voltage regulator.
6. Measurement & study of input characteristics of a BJT in CB configuration.
7. Measurement and study of characteristics of JFET and MOSFET
8. To design and simulate IR Transmitter and Receiver Circuit.
9. To design and simulate Motor Driver using Relay.
10. To design and simulate Light detector using LDR.
11. To design and simulate Constant frequency square wave generator using.
12. To design and simulate 5 volt DC power supply from 230 AC.

NOTE : At least ten experiments are to be performed, minimum seven experiments should be
performed from above list. Remaining three experiments may either be performed from the
above list or designed & set by the concerned institution as per the scope of the syllabus.

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DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND LOGIC DESIGN LAB

(ECE, CSE, IT)
Course code EC 302P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Study of TTL gates – AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, EX-OR, EX-NOR.
2. Design & realize a given function using K-maps and verify its performance.
3. To verify the operation of multiplexer & Demultiplexer.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
4. To verify the operation of comparator.
5. To verify the truth tables of S-R, J-K, T & D type flip flops.
6. To verify the operation of bi-directional shift register.
7. To design & verify the operation of 3-bit synchronous counter.
8. Design all gates using VHDL.
9. Design a multiplexer using VHDL
10. Design a decoder using VHDL
11. Write VHDL programs for the following circuits, check the wave forms and the hardware
generated a. half adder b. full adder
12. Write VHDL programs for the following circuits, check the wave forms and the
hardware generated a. multiplexer b. demultiplexer

NOTE : At least ten experiments are to be performed, minimum seven experiments should
be performed from above list. Remaining three experiments may either be performed from
the above list or designed & set by the concerned institution as per the scope of the
syllabus. For VHDL Xilinx software may be used.

=====================================================================
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NETWORK THEORY LAB

(ECE, EEE, EE)
Course code -EE 302P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Transient response of RC circuit.
2. Transient response of RL circuit.
3. To find the resonance frequency, Band width of RLC series circuit.
4. To study and verify effect of R on frequency response of parallel resonance circuit.
5. To calculate and verify "Z" parameters of a two port network.
6. To calculate and verify "Y" parameters of a two port network.
7. To determine equivalent parameter of parallel connections of two port network.
8. To plot the frequency response of low pass filter and determine half-power frequency.
9. To plot the frequency response of high pass filters and determines the half-power frequency.
10. To plot the frequency response of band-pass filters and determines the band-width.
11. To calculate and verify "ABCD" parameters of a two port network.
12. To synthesize a network of a given network function and verify its response.
13. Introduction of P-Spice or other simulation software

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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

COMMUNICATION SKILL LAB

Course code HS301

This lab paper involves interactive practice sessions in Language Lab along with some class
lectures to enable the students to be confident enough in language and professional sphere
of life.
Module I: Listening Comprehension
To comprehend spoken material in standard Indian English/ British English & American English
 Current situation in India regarding English
 American English Vs. British English

Module II: Phonetics & Phonology

 Introduction to Phonetics & Phonology
 Organs of Speech/ Speech Mechanism
 Pronunciation, Intonation, Stress and Rhythm, Syllable division
 Consonants/Vowels/Diphthongs Classification

Module III: Common Everyday Situations: Conversations and Dialogues

Module IV: Communication at Workplace
Module V: Telephonic Conversation
 Introduction
 Listening/Speaking
 Telephonic Skills Required
 Problems of Telephonic Conversation
 Intensive Listening

Module VI: Interviews

 The Interview Process
 Purpose/Planning/Two-way Interaction/Informality
 Pre-interview Preparation Techniques
 Projecting a Positive Image
 Answering strategies

Module VII: Formal Presentations

 Introduction
 Nature/Importance of Presentation
 Planning
 Objective with central idea, main ideas, role of supporting materials
 Handling Stage Fright

Module VIII: Forms of Technical Communication: Technical Report: Definition &

importance; Thesis/Project writing: structure & importance; synopsis writing: Methods;
Technical research Paper writing: Methods & style; Seminar & Conference paper
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

writing; Expert Technical Lecture: Theme clarity; Analysis & Findings; C.V./Resume
writing; Technical Proposal: Types, Structure & Draft.
Module IX: Technical Presentation: Strategies & Techniques Presentation: Forms;
interpersonal Communication; Class room presentation; style; method; Individual
conferencing: essentials: Public Speaking: method; Techniques: Clarity of substance;
emotion; Humour; Modes of Presentation; Overcoming Stage Fear; Audience Analysis &
retention of audience interest; Methods of Presentation: Interpersonal; Impersonal;
Audience Participation: Quizzes & Interjections.
Module X: Technical Communication Skills: Interview skills; Group Discussion:
Objective & Method; Seminar/Conferences Presentation skills: Focus; Content; Style;
Argumentation skills: Devices: Analysis; Cohesion & Emphasis; Critical thinking;
Nuances: Exposition narration & Description; effective business communication
competence: Grammatical; Discourse competence: combination of expression &
conclusion; Socio-linguistic competence: Strategic competence: Solution of
communication problems with verbal and non verbal means.

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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

Jharkhand University of Technology

Jharkhand, Ranchi
Proposed Syllabus for B.Tech 4th Semester

Electronics and Communication Engineering

2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

Electronics & Communication Engineering

4th semester course structure
Sl. Course
Subject L T P Credit
No. code
01 EC401 Analog Electronics And Circuits 3 1 0 3
02 EC402 Analog Communication 3 1 0 3
03 EE403 Signals And Systems 3 1 0 3
04 EE404 Microprocessor And Interfacing 3 1 0 3
05 CS301 Data Structure And Algorithm 3 1 0 3
EN401/
06 Engineering Economics/Cyber Security 2 0 0 0
IT402

01 EC401P Analog Electronics And Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1

02 EC402P Analog Communication Lab 0 0 3 1
03 EE404P Microprocessor And Interfacing Lab 0 0 3 1
EX401 Extra Activities (NSO/NSS/NCC/Yoga/
04 0 0 2 1
Creative Arts/Mini Project)
IN401 Internship/ Tour & Training/Industrial
05 0 0 0 2
Training
Total credit 21
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
ANALOG ELECTRONICS AND CIRCUITS
Course Code- EC401

Module 1: Diode & Transistor Circuits:

P-N junction diode, I-V characteristics of a diode, review of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers,
Zener diodes, clamping and clipping circuits. Amplifier models, Voltage amplifier, current
amplifier, transconductance amplifier and trans-resistance amplifier. Biasing schemes for BJT
and FET amplifiers, bias stability, various configurations (such as CE/CS, CB/CG, CC/CD) and
their features, small signal analysis, low frequency transistor models, estimation of
voltage gain, input resistance, output resistance etc., design procedure for particular
specifications, low frequency analysis of multistage amplifiers, high-frequency equivalent
circuits.

Module II: Oscillators, DAC & ADC:

Review of the basic concept, Barkhausen criterion, RC oscillators (phase shift, Wien bridge
etc.), LC oscillators (Hartley, Colpitt, Clapp etc.), non-sinusoidal oscillators. Digital-to-analog
converters (DAC) Weighted resistor, R-2R ladder, resistor string etc., Analog to-digital
converters (ADC): Single slope, dual slope, successive approximation, flash etc.

Module III: MOSFET Circuits:

MOSFET structure and I-V characteristics, MOSFET as a switch, MOSFET as an amplifier:
small signal model and biasing circuits, common-source, common-gate and common-drain
amplifiers; small signal equivalent circuits - gain, input and output impedances, trans-
conductance, high frequency equivalent circuit.

Module IV: Differential, multi-stage and operational amplifiers:

Differential amplifier; power amplifier; direct coupled multi-stage amplifier; internal structure of
an operational amplifier, ideal op-amp, non-idealities in an op-amp (Output offset voltage, input
bias current, input offset current, slew rate, gain bandwidth product)

Module V: Linear & Nonlinear applications of op-amp:

Idealized analysis of op-amp circuits, Inverting and non-inverting amplifier, Differential
amplifier, Instrumentation amplifier, Integrator, Active filter, P, PI and PID controllers and
lead/lag compensator using an op-amp, Voltage regulator, Oscillators (Wein bridge and phase
shift).Analog to Digital Conversion. Hysteretic Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector, Square-
wave and triangular-wave generators, Precision rectifier, peak detector, Monoshot.

Text Books :
1. A. S. Sedra and K. C. Smith, “Microelectronic Circuits”, New York, Oxford University Press,
1998.
2. J. V. Wait, L. P. Huelsman and G. A. Korn, “Introduction to Operational Amplifier theory and
applications”, McGraw Hill U. S., 1992.
3. J. Millman and A. Grabel, “Microelectronics”, McGraw Hill Education, 1988.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Reference Books:
1. P. Horowitz and W. Hill, “The Art of Electronics”, Cambridge University Press, 1989.
2. P. R. Gray, R. G. Meyer and S. Lewis, “Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits”,
John Wiley & Sons, 2001
3. Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by A. Gayakwad, Pearson Publication

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ANALOG COMMUNICATION
Course Code- EC402

Module I: Introduction
Block schematic of communication system, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Necessity of modulation,
Types of modulation – AM, FM, PM and Pulse Modulation. Noise types ( Internal & External),
Signal to Noise ratio, Noise factor, Noise figure, Noise Resistance, Noise Temperature, Noise
factor of Amplifiers in Cascade(Numerical expected)
Module II: Amplitude Modulation
Amplitude Modulation principle, AM envelope, frequency spectrum & BW, phase representation
of AM wave, Modulation index, % modulation, Power relations in AM (Numerical expected)
AM modulating circuits: Low level AM modulation, medium power AM modulation,AM
transmitters: Block diagram of low level DSBFC, High level DSBFC, Trapezoidal patterns, SSB
Principles, Balanced modulator, SSB Generation Methods: Filter system, phase shift & third
method ,Independent sideband system (ISB),Vestigial sideband(VSB)
Module III: Angle Modulation
Theory of frequency and phase modulation, mathematical analysis, FM and PM waveforms,
frequency deviation and percentage modulation, deviation sensitivity, deviation ratio ,phase
deviation and modulation index, frequency analysis of angle modulated wave-Bessel function,
BW requirements, Narrow band & wide band FM, FM modulators(Direct & Indirect) , Noise and
angle modulation, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis.
Module IV: Pulse Modulation
Pulse amplitude modulation, Sampling theorem , types :Natural & flat top, PAM modulation
Demodulation, TDM and FDM, Crosstalk in TDM, PWM modulator & demodulator, PPM
modulators & demodulator.
Module V: Digital Modulation Schemes & AM/FM Receiver
Digital modulation schemes- phase shift keying, frequency shift keying, quadrature amplitude
modulation, continuous phase modulation and minimum shift keying. Simplified block diagram
of AM receiver, receiver parameters: Sensitivity, Selectivity, BW, dynamic range, fidelity, Types
of AM receiver: TRF and superhetrodyne (block diagram), Block diagram, Double conversion
FM receivers.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. George Kennedy, ‘Electronics Communication System’--Tata McGraw Hill Publication.
2. Wayne Tomasi, ‘Electronics Communication Systems Fundamentals through
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Advanced’ - Pearson Education.
3. Haykin S., "Communications Systems," John Wiley and Sons, 2001.
4. Proakis J. G. and Salehi M., "Communication Systems Engineering," PearsonEducation,2002.
5. R P Singh, S D Sapre ‘Communication System-Analog & Digital’ 2nd Edition –
TMHPublication

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Dennis Roddy, John Coolen, ‘Electronics Communications ‘4th Edition-Pearson Education
2. Louis E. Frenzel, ‘Principles of Electronic Communication Systems’ -Tata McGraw Hill
3. Taub H. and Schilling D.L., "Principles of Communication Systems,” Tata McGrawHill,2001.
4. Barry J. R., Lee E. A. and Messerschmitt D. G., “Digital Communication,”KluwerAcademic
Publishers, 2004.
5. Abhay Gandhi, “Analog and Digital Communication,” Cengage publication, 2015.

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SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

Course Code- EE 403

Module I: Introduction to Signals and Systems:

Signals and systems as seen in everyday life, and in various branches of engineering and
science. Signal properties: periodicity, absolute integrability, determinism and stochastic
character. Some special signals of importance: the unit step, the unit impulse, the sinusoid, the
complex exponential, some special time-limited signals; continuous and discrete time signals,
continuous and discrete amplitude signals. System properties: linearity: additivity and
homogeneity, shift-invariance, causality, stability, realizability. Examples.

Module II: Behavior of continuous and discrete-time LTI systems:

Impulse response and step response, convolution, input-output behavior with aperiodic
convergent inputs, cascade interconnections. Characterization of causality and stability of LTI
systems. System representation through differential equations and difference equations. State-
space Representation of systems. State-Space Analysis, Multi-input, multi-output representation.
State Transition Matrix and its Role. Periodic inputs to an LTI system, the notion of a frequency
response and its relation to the impulse response.

Module III: Fourier Transforms:

Fourier series representation of periodic signals, Waveform Symmetries, Calculation of Fourier
Coefficients. Fourier Transform, convolution/multiplication and their effect in the frequency
domain, magnitude and phase response, Fourier domain duality. The Discrete-Time Fourier
Transform (DTFT) and the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT). Parseval's Theorem.

Module IV: Laplace and z- Transforms:

Review of the Laplace Transform for continuous time signals and systems, system functions,
poles and zeros of system functions and signals, Laplace domain analysis, solution to differential
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
equations and system behavior. The z-Transform for discrete time signals and systems, system
functions, poles and zeros of systems and sequences, z-domain analysis.

Module V: Sampling and Reconstruction:

The Sampling Theorem and its implications. Spectra of sampled signals. Reconstruction: ideal
interpolator, zero-order hold, first-order hold. Aliasing and its effects. Relation between
continuous and discrete time systems. Introduction to the applications of signal and system
theory: modulation for communication, filtering, feedback control systems.

Text Books :
1. A. V. Oppenheim, A. S. Willsky and S. H. Nawab, “Signals and systems”, Prentice Hall India,
1997.
2. J. G. Proakis and D. G. Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms, and
Applications”, Pearson, 2006.
3. H. P. Hsu, “Signals and systems”, Schaum’s series, McGraw Hill Education, 2010.

Reference Books :
1. S. Haykin and B. V. Veen, “Signals and Systems”, John Wiley and Sons, 2007.
2. A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, “Discrete-Time Signal Processing”, Prentice Hall, 2009.
3. M. J. Robert “Fundamentals of Signals and Systems”, McGraw Hill Education, 2007.
4. B. P. Lathi, “Linear Systems and Signals”, Oxford University Press, 2009

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MICROPROCESSOR AND INTERFACING

Course Code- EE404

Module I: Architecture & Programming of 8085:

Functional block diagram—Registers, ALU, Bus systems. Pin configuration, Timing and control
signals, Machine cycle and timing diagrams. Interrupts—Types of interrupt, interrupt structure,
Instruction format, Addressing modes, Instruction set. Development of assembly language
programs.

Module II: Interfacing Devices:

(a). The 8255 PPI chip: Architecture, pin configuration, control words, modes and Interfacing
with 8085. (b). The 8254 PIC chip: Architecture, pin configuration, control words and
Interfacing with 8085. Interrupt and DMA Controller (a). The 8259 Interrupt controller chip:
Architecture, pin configuration and control words only (b).The 8257 DMA controller chip:
Architecture, pin configuration and control words only.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Module III : Architecture & Programming of 8086:
Functional block diagram of 8086, details of sub-blocks such as EU, BIU, memory
segmentation, physical address computations, pin configuration, program relocation, Minimum
and Maximum modes of 8086— Block diagrams and machine cycles. Interrupts—Types of
interrupt, interrupt structure. Instruction format, Addressing modes, Instruction set. Development
of assembly language programs Assembler directives.

Module IV: Embedded Systems & the 8051 Architecture:

8-bit Microprocessor and Microcontroller architecture, Comparison of 8-bit microcontrollers, 16-
bit and 32-bit microcontrollers, Definition of embedded system and its characteristics, Role of
microcontrollers in embedded Systems Overview of the 8051family. 8051 - Internal Block
Diagram, CPU, ALU, address, data and control bus, Working registers, SFRs, Clock and RESET
circuits, Stack and Stack Pointer, Program Counter, I/O ports, Memory Structures, Data and
Program Memory, Timing diagrams and Execution Cycles.

Module V: Instruction Set and Programming of 8051:

Addressing modes: Introduction, Instruction syntax, Data types, Subroutines Immediate
addressing, Register addressing, Direct addressing, Indirect addressing, Relative addressing,
Indexed addressing, Bit inherent addressing, bit direct addressing. 8051 Instruction set, data
transfer instructions, Arithmetic instructions, Logical instructions, Branch instructions,
Subroutine instructions, Bit manipulation instruction small programs.

Text Books :
1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming & Applications with 8085 : Ramesh S Gaonkar;
Wiley Eastern Ltd.
2. Microprocessor and applications – A.K.Ray.
3. M .A.Mazidi, J. G. Mazidi and R. D. McKinlay, “The8051Microcontroller and Embedded
Systems: Using Assembly and C”,Pearson Education,2007.
4. K. J. Ayala, “8051 Microcontroller”, Delmar CengageLearning,2004.
5. R. Kamal, “Embedded System”, McGraw Hill Education,2009.

Reference Books:
1. Microprocessors and interfacing : Hall; TMH
2. The 8088 & 8086 Microprocessors-Programming, interfacing, Hardware & Applications :
Triebel & Singh; PHI
3. Microprocessors and Interfacing, Sanjeev Kumar, Sun India’s Publication
4. Advanced Microprocessors and Interfacing : Badri Ram; TMH
6. D. V. Hall, “Microprocessors & Interfacing”, McGraw Hill Higher Education,1991.

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2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
DATA STRUCTURES AND ALGORITHMS
(Course code -CS 301)

Module I
Basic concepts and notations: Data structures and data structure operations, Complexity
Analysis: Mathematical notation and functions, algorithmic complexity and time space trade off,
Big O Notation, The best, average & worst cases analysis of various algorithms. Arrays: Linear
& Multidimensional Arrays, Representation & traversal. Sorting algorithms: Bubble sort,
Selection sort, Insertion sort, Merge sort and Quick sort, Counting Sort. Linear search and Binary
search on sorted arrays.
Module II
Abstract Data Types (ADTs) Stack: Push; Pop, stack representation using array and linked list,
Applications of Stack, Recursion. Queue: Representation using array and linked list, Insertion
and deletion operations, circular queue, Dequeue, priority queue. Linked Lists & their types
(Single, Double, Circular linked lists), Operations on Varieties of Linked Lists (Search and
Update) with applications

Module III
Introduction to Trees, Binary tree - definitions and properties; binary tree traversal algorithms
with and without recursion., Binary Search Tree - creation, insertion and deletion operations,
Threaded tree (One way and Two way). AVL tree balancing; B-tree

Module IV
Graph Algorithms: Graphs and their Representations, Graph Traversal Techniques: Breadth First
Search (BFS) and Depth First Search (DFS), Applications of BFS and DFS, Minimum Spanning
Trees (MST), Prim’s and Kruskal’s algorithms for MST, Connected Components, Dijkstra’s
Algorithm for Single Source Shortest Paths,, Floydd’s Algorithm for All-Pairs Shortest Paths
Problem

UNIT-5
Hashing techniques, Hash function, Address calculation techniques- common hashing functions
Collision resolution, Linear probing, quadratic probing, double hashing, Bucket addressing.
Rehashing
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to:
 Understand the concept of ADT
 Identify data structures suitable to solve problems
 Develop and analyze algorithms for stacks, queues
 Develop algorithms for binary trees and graphs
 Implement sorting and searching algorithms
 Implement symbol table using hashing techniques

Text Books:
1. Data Structures Using C – A.M. Tenenbaum (PHI)
2. Introduction to Data Structures with Applications by J. Tremblay and P. G. Sorenson
(TMH)
3.Data Structures, Algorithms and Application in C, 2nd Edition, Sartaj Sahni
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
4. Data Structures and Algorithms in C, M.T. Goodrich, R. Tamassia and D. Mount, Wiley India.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Data Structure and Program Design in C by C.L. Tondo.

2. Data Structures with C++, J. Hubbard, Schaum’s Outlines, TMH.
3. Data Structures and Algorithms in C, M.T. Goodrich, R. Tamassia and D. Mount, Wiley
India.
4. Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C, 3rd Edition, M.A. Weiss, Pearson.
5. Classic Data Structures, D. Samanta, 2nd Edition, PHI.
6. Data Structure Using C by Pankaj Kumar Pandey.
7. Data Structure with C, Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited by Seymour
Lipschutz.
8. Data Structure through C in Depth, BPB Publication, by S.K. Srivastava.
9. Data Structure and algorithm Analysis in C 2nd Edition, PEARSON Publishing House,
Mark Allen Weiss

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CYBER SECURITY
Course code –IT 402

Module I: Introduction to Cybercrime : Introduction, Cybercrime, and Information Security,

Who are Cybercriminals, Classifications of Cybercrimes, and Cybercrime: The legal
Perspectives and Indian Perspective, Cybercrime and the Indian ITA 2000, A Global Perspective
on Cybercrimes.

Module II: Cyber Offenses: How Criminals Plan Them: Introduction, How Criminals plan
the Attacks, Social Engineering, Cyber stalking, Cyber cafe and Cybercrimes, Botnets: The
Fuel for Cybercrime, Attack Vector, Cloud Computing.

Module III: Cybercrime : Mobile and Wireless Devices: Introduction, Proliferation of Mobile
and Wireless Devices, Trends in Mobility, Credit card Frauds in Mobile and Wireless
Computing Era, Security Challenges Posed by Mobile Devices, Registry Settings for Mobile
Devices, Authentication service Security, Attacks on Mobile/Cell Phones, Mobile Devices:
Security Implications for Organizations, Organizational Measures for Handling
Mobile, Organizational Security Policies an Measures in Mobile Computing Era, Laptops.

Module – IV: Tools and Methods Used in Cybercrime : Introduction, Proxy Servers and
Anonymizers, Phishing, Password Cracking, Keyloggers and Spywares, Virus and Worms,
Trojan Horse and Backdoors, Steganography, DoS and DDoS attacks, SQL Injection, Buffer
Overflow.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Module V: Cyber Security : Organizational Implications Introduction, Cost of Cybercrimes
and IPR issues, Web threats for Organizations, Security and Privacy Implications, Social media
marketing: Security Risks and Perils for Organizations, Social Computing and the associated
challenges for Organizations.

TEXT BOOK:

 Cyber Security: Understanding Cyber Crimes, Computer Forensics and

Legal Perspectives, Nina Godbole and Sunil Belapure, Wiley INDIA.

REFERENCE BOOK:

 Cyber Security Essentials, James Graham, Richard Howard and Ryan Otson, CRC Press.
 Introduction to Cyber Security , Chwan-Hwa(john) Wu,J.David Irwin.CRC Press T&F
Group

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ENGINEERING ECONOMICS
Course code –EN 401

COURSE OUTLINE:
The basic purpose of this course is to provide a sound understanding of concepts and principles
of engineering economy and to develop proficiency with methods for making rational decisions
regarding problems likely to be encountered in professional practice.

Module -1

Introduction of Engineering Economics and Demand Analysis: Meaning and nature of

Economics, Relation between science, engineering, technology and economics; Nature of
Economic problem, Production possibility curve, Concepts and measurement of utility, Law of
Diminishing Marginal Utility, Law of equi-marginal utility – its practical application and
importance.

Meaning of Demand, Individual and Market demand schedule, Law of demand, shape of demand
curve, Elasticity of demand, measurement of elasticity of demand, practical importance &
applications of the concept of elasticity of demand.

Module -II

Meaning of production and factors of production; Law of variable proportions, Returns to scale,
Internal and External economics and diseconomies of scale.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
Various concepts of cost – Fixed cost, variable cost, average cost, marginal cost, money cost,
real cost, opportunity cost. Shape of average cost, marginal cost, total cost, Cost curves.

Module III

Meaning of Market, Types of Market – Perfect Competition, Monopoly,

Oligopoly, Monopolistic Competition (Main features of these markets)

Pricing Policies- Entry Deterring policies, Predatory Pricing, Peak load Pricing. Product Life
cycle

Firm as an organisation- Objective of the Firm, Type of the Firm, Vertical and Horizontal
Integration, Diversification, Mergers and Takeovers.

Module -IV
Nature and characteristics of Indian economy (brief and elementary introduction), Privatization –
meaning, merits and demerits. Globalisation of Indian economy – merits and demerits.
Elementary Concepts of VAT, WTO, GATT & TRIPS agreement, Business cycle, Inflation

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:-

1. R.Paneer Seelvan: Engineering Economics, PHI

2. Managerial Economics, D.N.Dwivedi, Vikash Publication

3. Managerial Economics, H.L. Ahuja, S. Chand and Co. Ltd.
4. Managerial Economics, Suma Damodaran, Oxford.
5. R.molrishnd Ro T.V S 'Theory of firms : Economics and Managerial Aspects'. Affiliated
East West Press Pvt Ltd New Delhi

6. Managerial Economics, H. Craig Petersen &W. Cris Lewis, Pearson Education.

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ANALOG ELECTRONICS & CIRCUITS LAB

Course Code- EC 401P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Design & study of half wave and full wave rectifier and calculation its various parameters.
2. Design and study of clipper and clamper circuit.
3. Design & Implement Transistor as a switch.
4. To study the input & output characteristics of common emitter configuration.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
5. Design & measure the frequency response of an RC coupled amplifier using discrete
components. (Draw Gain vs frequency response curve on semilog graph paper).
6. Design a two stage RC coupled amplifier and determine the effect of cascading on gain and
bandwidth
7. Design & study of RC Oscillator.
8. Design & realize inverting amplifier, non-inverting and buffer amplifier using 741 Op Amp.
9. Verify the operation of a differentiator circuit using 741 op amp and show that it acts as a
high pass filter.
10. Verify the operation of a integrator circuit using 741 op amp and show that it acts as a low
pass filter.
11. Design and verify the operations of op amp adder and subtractor circuits.
12. To design and realize Schmitt trigger using op amp 741.
13. Design & realize Wein -bridge oscillator using op amp 741.
14. To design & realize square wave generator using op amp 741.

NOTE : At least ten experiments are to be performed, minimum seven experiments should be
performed from above list. Remaining three experiments may either be performed from the
above list or designed & set by the concerned institution as per the scope of the syllabus.

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ANALOG COMMUNICATION LAB

Course Code- EC 402P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Study of Amplitude Modulation (A.M.)

2. Study of Frequency Modulation.(F.M.)
3. Study of AM Detection.
4. Study of SSB Modulation & Demodulation.
5. Study of DSB Modulation & Demodulation.
6. Study of FM Demodulation.
7. Sampling and Reconstruction.
8. Study of Pulse Amplitude Modulation & Demodulation.
9. Study of Pulse Width Modulation& Demodulation.
10. Study of Pulse Position Modulation & Demodulation.
11. Study of PAM-TDM.
12. Study of AM Receiver Characteristics.( Sensitivity, Selectivity & Fidelity)
13. Visit to radio station (AM/FM) or any local communication center /mobile tower
(Visit to radio station is compulsory. Student should attach report of visit in practical file)
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.
NOTE : At least ten experiments are to be performed, minimum seven experiments should be
performed from above list. Remaining three experiments may either be performed from the
above list or designed & set by the concerned institution as per the scope of the syllabus.

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MICROPROCESSOR AND INTERFACING LAB

Course Code- EE404P

List of Experiments (Minimum 10)

1. Study of 8085 Microprocessor kit.

2. Write a program using 8085 and verify for : a. Addition of two 8-bit numbers. b. Addition of
two 8-bit numbers (with carry) and write a program using 8085 and verify for : a. 8-bit
subtraction (display borrow) b. 16-bit subtraction (display borrow).
3. Write a program using 8085 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by repeated addition
method. Check for minimum number of additions and test for typical data and write a program
using 8085 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by bit rotation method and verify.
4. Write a program using 8085 for division of two 8- bit numbers by repeated subtraction method
and test for typical data and write a program using 8085 for dividing two 8- bit numbers by bit
rotation method and test for typical data.
5. Write a program using 8086 and verify for: a. Finding the largest number from an array. b.
Finding the smallest number from an array.
6. Write a program using 8086 for arranging an array of numbers in descending order and verify
and write a program using 8086 for arranging an array of numbers in ascending order and verify.
7. Write a program for finding square of a number using look-up table and verify. .
8. Write a program to interface a two digit number using seven-segment LEDs. Use 8085/8086
microprocessor and 8255 PPI.
9. Write a program to control the operation of stepper motor using 8085/8086 microprocessor
and 8255 PPI.
10. . Study of 8051 Micro controller kit/programming software.
11. Write a program using 8051 and verify for : a. Addition of two 8-bit numbers. b. Addition of
two 8-bit numbers (with carry) and write a program using 8051 and verify for : a. 8-bit
subtraction (display borrow) b. 16-bit subtraction (display borrow).
12. Write a program using 8051 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by repeated addition
method. Check for minimum number of additions and test for typical data and write a program
using 8051 for multiplication of two 8- bit numbers by bit rotation method and verify.
13. Write a program using 8051 for blinking of two LED with suitable delay.
2nd year UG courses Engg & Tech. Jharkhand University Of Technology.

NOTE : At least ten experiments are to be performed, minimum seven experiments should be
performed from above list. Remaining three experiments may either be performed from the
above list or designed & set by the concerned institution as per the scope of the syllabus.

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