LINEAR PROGRAMMING – GRAPHICAL METHOD

Problem # 1

A company manufactures two electrical products: air conditioners and large fans. The assembly
process for each is similar in that both require a certain amount of wiring and drilling. Each air conditioner
takes 3 hours of wiring and 2 hours of drilling. Each fan must go through 2 hours of wiring and 1 hour of
drilling. During the next production period, 240 hours of wiring time are available and up to 140 hours of
drilling time may be used. Each air conditioner sold yields a profit of ₱1500. Each fan assembled may be
sold for a profit of ₱750. Determine the number of air conditioner and large fan that should be manufactured
in order to maximize the profit.

Let x be the number of air conditioner

y be the number of large fan

Assembly Process Air conditioner Large fan Availability (in hrs)

Wiring 3x 2y 240
Drilling 2x y 140
Profit (Z) 1200x 750y

Maximize Z = 1200𝑥 + 750𝑦

Subject to: 3x + 2y ≤ 240 1
2x + y ≤ 140 2
x≥0 3
y≥0 4

3x + 2y = 240 2x + y = 140
x 0 80 x 0 70
y 120 0 y 140 0

Using (0,0) as t.p. Using (0,0) as t.p.

3(0) + 2(0) < 240 2(0) + 0 < 240
0 < 240 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞 0 < 240 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞

Finding Another Corner Point:

3x + 2y = 240
2x + y = 140 (x2)

3x + 2y = 240
− 4x + 2y = 280
−x = −40
𝐱 = 𝟒𝟎
2x + y = 140
2(40) + y = 140
80 + y = 140
𝐲 = 𝟔𝟎
For (0,0) = 1200(0) + 750(0) = 0

(70,0) = 1200(70) + 750(0) = 84,000

(0,120) = 1200(0) + 750(120) = 90,000

(40,60) = 1200(40) + 750(60) = 93,000 𝒎𝒂𝒙.

Decision:

x = 40 In order to maximize the profit, the

company should manufacture 40
y = 60 units of air conditioners and 60
units of large fans. The maximum
Max. Z = ₱ 93,000
profit would be ₱ 93,000.

Problem #2

A furniture company produces inexpensive tables and chairs. The production process for each is
similar in that both require a certain number of hours of carpentry work and a certain number of labor hours
in the painting department. Each table takes 4 hours of carpentry and 2 hours in the painting department.
Each chair requires 3 hours of carpentry and 1 hour in the painting department. During the current
production period, 240 hours of carpentry time are available and 100 hours in painting is available. Each
table sold yields a profit of ₱7; each chair produced is sold for a ₱5 profit. How many tables and chairs
should be manufactured in order to reach the maximum profit?

Let x be the number of tables

y be the number of chairs

Production Process Tables Chairs Availability (in hrs)

Carpentry 4x 3y 240
Painting 2x y 100
Profit (Z) 7x 5y

Maximize Z = 7𝑥 + 5𝑦
Subject to: 4x + 3y ≤ 240 1
2x + y ≤ 100 2
x≥0 3
y≥0 4

4x + 3y = 240 2x + y = 100
x 0 60 x 0 50
y 80 0 y 100 0

Using (0,0) as t.p. Using (0,0) as t.p.

4(0) + 3(0) < 240 2(0) + 0 < 100
0 < 240 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞 0 < 100 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞
 Finding Another Corner Point:
4x + 3y = 240
2x + y = 100 (x2)

4x + 3y = 240
− 4x + 2y = 200
𝐲 = 𝟒𝟎

2x + y = 100
2x + (40) = 100
2x = 60
2 2
𝐱 = 𝟑𝟎

For (0,0) = 7(0) + 5(0) = 0

(0,80) = 7(0) + 5(80) = 400

(50,0) = 7(50) + 5(0) = 350

(30,40) = 7(30) + 5(40) = 410 max.

Decision:

x =30 In order to maximize the profit,

a furniture company should
y = 40 manufacture 30 tables and 40
chairs. The maximum profit
Max. Z = ₱ 410
would be ₱ 410.00.

Problem #3

Each coffee table produced by Angel Designers nets the firm a profit of ₱9. Each bookcase yields
a ₱12 profit. Angel’s firm is small and its resources limited. During any given production period (of one
week), 10 gallons of varnish and 12 lengths of high-quality redwood are available. Each coffee table
requires 1 gallon of varnish and 1 length of redwood. Each bookcase takes 1 gallon of varnish and 2 lengths
of wood. How many tables and bookcases should be produced each week? What will the maximum profit
be?

Let x = coffee table

y = bookcase
 Materials Needed Coffee table Bookcase Requirement
Varnish x y 10
Redwood x 2y 12
Profit ( Z) 9x 12y

Maximize Z = 9𝑥 + 12𝑦
Subject to: x + y ≤ 10 1
x + 2y ≤ 12 2
x≥0 3
y≥0 4

x + y = 10 x + 2y = 12
x 0 10 x 0 12
y 10 0 y 6 0

Using (0,0) as t.p. Using (0,0) as t.p.

0 + 0 < 10 0 + 2(0) < 12
0 < 10 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞 0 < 12 𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐞

Finding Another Corner Point:

x + y = 10
x + 2y = 12

x + y = 10
− x + 2y = 12
− y = −2
𝐲= 𝟐

x + y = 10
x + 2 = 10
𝐱=𝟖

For (0,0) = 9(0) + 12(0) = 0

(0,6) = 9(0) + 12(6) = 72

(10,0) = 9(10) + 12(0) = 90

(8,2) = 9(8) + 12(2) = 96 max.

Decision:

x =8 In order to maximize the profit,

Angel Designers should produce
y=2 8 coffee tables and 2 bookcases.
The maximum profit would be ₱
Max. Z = ₱ 96 96.00.
Problem #4

A house wife wishes to mix two types of food F1 and F2 in such a way that the vitamin contents of
the mixture contain at least 8 units of vitamin A and 11 units of vitamin B. Food F1 costs ₱ 60/Kg and Food
F2 costs ₱ 80/kg. Food F1 contains 2 units/kg of vitamin A and 5 units/kg of vitamin B while Food F2
contains 4 units/kg of vitamin A and 2 units/kg of vitamin B. Formulate this problem as a linear
programming problem to minimize the cost of the mixtures.

Let x = Food F1
y = Food F2

Vitamin content Food F1 Food F2 Requirement

Vitamin A 2x 4y 8
Vitamin B 5x 2y 10
Cost ( C) 60x 80y

Minimize C = 60𝑥 + 80𝑦

Subject to: 2x + 4y ≥ 8 1
5x + 2y ≥ 10 2
x≥0 3
y≥0 4

2x + 4y = 8 5x + 2y = 10
x 0 4 x 0 2
y 2 0 y 5 0

Using (0,0) as t.p. Using (0,0) as t.p.

2(0) + 4(0) > 8 5(0) + 2(0) > 10
0 > 8 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞 0 > 10 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞

Finding Another Corner Point:

2x + 4y = 8
5x + 2y = 10 (x2)

2x + 4y = 8
− 10x + 4y = 20
− 8𝑥 = −12
−8 −8
𝐱 = 𝟑/𝟐

2x + 4y = 8
3
2( ) + 4y = 8
2
3 + 4y = 8
4y = 5
4 = 4
𝐲 = 𝟓/𝟒
For (0,5) = 60(0) + 80(5) = 400

(4,0) = 60(5) + 80(0) = 240

3 5 3 5
( , ) = 60 ( ) + 80 ( ) = 190 min.
2 4 2 4

Decision:
3 In order to minimize the cost, the
x =2
housewife should mix 1.5
5 kilograms of Food F1 and 1.25
y=4
kilograms of Food F2. The
minimum cost would be ₱ 190.00.
Min C = ₱ 190

Problem #5

There are two types of fertilizers A and B. A consists of 10% nitrogen and 6% phosphoric acid and
B consists of 5% nitrogen and 10% phosphoric acid. After testing the soil conditions, a farmer finds that
she needs at least 25 kg of nitrogen and 30 kg of phosphoric acid for her crop. If A costs ₱ 6/kg and B costs
₱5/kg, determine how much of each type of fertilizer should be used so that nutrient requirements are met
at a minimum cost. What is the minimum cost?

Let x = Fertilizer A
y = Fertilizer B

Nutrients Fertilizer A Fertilizer B Requirement

Nitrogen 10x 5y 25
Phosphoric Acid 6x 10y 30
Cost (C) 6x 5y

Minimize C = 6𝑥 + 5𝑦
Subject to: 10x + 5y ≥ 25 1
6x + 10y ≥ 30 2
x≥0 3
y≥0 4

10x + 5y = 25 6x + 10y = 10
x 0 5/2 x 0 5
y 5 0 y 3 0

Using (0,0) as t.p. Using (0,0) as t.p.

10(0) + 5(0) > 25 6(0) + 10(0) > 30
0 > 25 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞 0 > 30 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐬𝐞
 Finding Another Corner Point:
10x + 5y = 25 (x2)
6x + 10y = 30

20x + 10y = 50
− 6x + 10y = 30
(10/7,15/7
)
14𝑥 = 20
14 14
𝟏𝟎
𝐱=
𝟕

6x + 10y = 30
10
6( ) + 10y = 30
7
60
+ 10y = 30
7
10y = 150/7
10 = 10
𝟏𝟓
𝐲= 𝟕

For (0,5) = 6(0) + 5(5) = 25

(5,0) = 6(5) + 5(0) = 30

𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓 135
(𝟕 , 𝟕
) = 6( 𝟕 ) + 5( 𝟕 ) = 7
min.

Decision:
𝟏𝟎 In order to minimize the cost, the
x=𝟕
𝟑
farmer should used 𝟏 kilograms
𝟕
𝟏𝟓 𝟏
y=𝟕 of fertilizer A and 𝟐 kilograms of
𝟕
fertilizer B. The minimum cost
135
Min C= 𝑜𝑟 ₱ 19.29 would be ₱ 19.29.
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