1. A 5° curve intersects a property line CD at point D.

The back tangent intersects the property

line at point C which is 105.270 m from the PC, which is at station 2+040. The angle that
the property line CD makes with the back tangent is 110°50’. (a) Determine the distance CD
. (b) Determine the stationing of point D.
2. The deflection angles of two intermediate points A and B of a highway curve are 4°15’ and
9°15’, respectively. The chord distance between points A and B is 20 m while the long chor
d is 120 m, stationing of PI is 80+060. Find the stationing of PC and PT.
3. Two tangents intersecting at V with bearings N 75°12’ E and S 78°36’ E are connected with
a 4° simple curve. Without changing the direction of the two tangents and with the same an
gle of intersection, it is required to shorten the curve to 100 m starting from PC. By how m
uch shall the PT be moved and in what direction? What is the distance between the two par
allel tangents?
4. The bearing of the back tangent of a simple curve is N 70° E, while the forward tangent has
a bearing of S 82°30’ E. The degree of curve is 4.5°. Stationing of PC is at 10+345.43. It i
s proposed to decrease the central angle by changing the direction of the forward tangent by
an angle of 7°, in such a way that the position of the PT of the forward tangent and the dire
ction of the back tangent shall remain unchanged. Determine the new radius of the curve an
d stationing of the new PC.
5. Two tangents intersecting at Station 8+095.21 have azimuth of 260° and 284° respectively, a
nd are to be connected with a 5° simple curve. Without changing the directions of tangents,
it is required to find the radius and the station of the PC of the new curve such that the ne
w PT is 5 meters directly opposite but outside the old PT. Use arc basis.
6. Two tangent intersecting at V which is inaccessible has an angle of intersection of 30°. Two
points C and D are laid out on the tangent through the PC and PT. The bearing and distance
of the line joining C and D is S 80°30’ E, 86.42 m respectively. The highway engineer wo
uld like to construct a highway curve which shall be tangent to the two tangent lines as well
as the line CD. Find the radius and the degree of curve that could be laid out. If V is at St
a. 10+352.24, find the stationing of the PI. Bearing of back tangent N 86°30’ E while that o
f forward tangent is S 63°30’ E.
7. Two tangents intersects at an angle of 28°30’ at V whose stationing is at 10+362.40. If the e
xternal distance were increased by 6 m, what could be the change in direction of the second
tangent line, with the first tangent line remaining in the same direction in order that the degr
ee of curve does not change? PC is at stationing 10+272.40. The bearing of the tangent thro
ugh the PC is N 72°30’ E. Find also the stationing of the new PT.
8. Two tangents of a simple curve have azimuth of 250°15’ and 280°15’ respectively and inters
ects at V at station 10+314.62. It is required to shorten the curve to point C on the curve ha
ving a direction of N 84°15’ W, 50.42 m from the old PT without changing the degree of c
urve and the PC. Determine the stationing of the new PT and new vertex.
9. The highway engineer of a certain road construction decided to use a radius of 100 m in lay
ing out a simple curve having an angle of intersection of 36°20’. The stationing of the verte
x is 30+375.20 after verifying the actual conditions of the proposed route, it was found out t
hat the PT should be moved out in a parallel tangent having a perpendicular distance of 10
meters with the angle of intersection remaining the same while the curve shall have the same
PC. Determine the radius of this new curve and the stationing of the new PT.
10. Two tangents intersect at station 2+550. A compound curve laid on their tangents has the fo
llowing data: I1 = 31°, I2 = 36°, D1 = 3° and D2 = 5°. (a) Compute the stationing of the PC,
PCC and PT of the curve. (b) If the PT is moved 15 m out, compute the station of the PT
with the PCC on the same point.
11. The long chord of a compound curve is 425 m long and the angles that it makes with tange
nts of the curve are 20° and 24° respectively. Find the radius of the compound curve if the
common tangent is parallel to the long chord.
12. The common tangent AB of a compound curve makes an angle with the tangents of the com
pound curve of 25°30’ and 30° respectively. The stationing of A of 10+362.42. The degree
of curve of the first curve is 4°30’ while that of the second curve is 5°. It is required to cha
nge this compound curve with a simple curve that shall end at the same PT while the directi
on of the tangents remains the same. Find the radius of this simple curve and the stationing
of the new PC.
13. Traverse lines MN, NO, OP are centerlines of a portion of a proposed highway. Respectively
the bearings and distances are; MN due north, 277.60 meters; NO N 26°40’ E, 107.00 mete
rs, OP N 61°30’ E, 200.00 meters. A previously designed compound curve connected these t
hree tangent lines with the PCC at station 2+012. It is desired to revise the system into a sin
gle circular curve that will still be tangent to the three lines. Determine the stations of the re
vised PC and PT if station N is at 1+975.
14. A compound curve is laid out 480 m from the PC to the PCC having a radius of 763.94 m
then from the PCC another curve was laid out to the PT 250 m long with a radius of 208.8
5 m. If the stationing of the point of intersection of the tangents is 10+432.25, determine the
stationing of the PC and the length of the long chord from the PC to the PT. Determine als
o the angle that the long chord makes with the tangent.
15. Given a compound curve with a long chord equal to 135 m forming an angle of 12° and 18
° respectively with the tangents. The common tangent is parallel to the long chord. Determin
e the radii of the compound curve.
16. Two tangents AV and BV are connected by a compound curve at the points A and B. AB =
150 m, angle VAB = 30°, VBA = 41° and R1 = 100 m. Determine the other radius R2.
17. Given broken line AB = 57.6 m, BC = 91.5 m, and CD = 91.5 m. A reverse curve is to co
nnect these three lines thus forming the center line of a new road.
Find the length of the common radius of the reverse curve.
a. Find the total length of the reverse curve.
b. If the PC is at Sta. 10+000, what are the stationing of PRC and PT?
c. What is the total area included in the right of way in this section of the road (A to
D) if the road width is 15 m?
18. Three simple curves are connected to each other such that the first and the second form a co
mpound curve while the second and the third formed a reversed curve. The distance between
the point of curvature and the point of tangency of the compound curve which is also the p
oint of reversed curvature of the reversed curve is 485.025 meters. If the angle of convergen
ce between the second and the third tangent is 15°, I1 = 45°, R1 = 190.986 meters, I2 = 60°,
R3 = 159.155 meters and stationing at PC is to 0+520, determine:
a. The stationing at PT the end of the long chord.
b. The angles made by the long chord of the compound curve with the tangents.
19. A reversed curve with diverging tangents is to be designed to connect three traverse lines for
a portion of the proposed highway. The lines T 10 – T11 is 185 meters, T 11 – T12 is 122.40
meters, and T12 – T13 is 285 meters. The azimuth are due East, 242° and 302°, respectively.
Calculate the cost of the concrete pavement along the curves (reversed) from the PC to the
PT based on the following highway cost index and specifications:
Type of Pavement = Item 311 (Portland Cement)
Number of Lanes = Two (2) lanes
Width of Pavement = 3.05 m per lane
Thickness of Pavement= 20 cm
Unit Cost = P460.00 per square meter
It is necessary that the PRC must be one fourth the distance of T 11 – T12 from T11.
20. The perpendicular distance between two parallel tangents is equal to 8 meters, central angle
equal to 8° and the radius of curvature of the first curve equal to 175 m. Find the radius of
the second curve of the reversed curve.
21. Two converging tangents have azimuth of 300° and 90°, respectively, while that of the com
mon tangent is 320°. The distance from the point of intersection of the tangents to the PI of
the second curve is 160 m while the stationing of the PI of the curve is at 10+432.24. If the
radius of the first curve is 285.40 m, determine the stationing of PRC and PT.
22. The perpendicular distance between two parallel tangents of a reverse curve is 35 m. The azi
muth of the back tangent of the curve is 270° and the azimuth of the common tangent is 30
0°. If the radius of the back curve is 150 m and the stationing of PRC is 10+140, find the s
tation of the PT.
23. A reverse curve connects two converging tangents intersecting at an angle of 30°. The distan
ce of this intersection from the PI of the curve is 150 meters. The deflection angle of the co
mmon tangent from the back tangent is 20°R, and the azimuth of the common tangent is 32
0°. The degree of curve of the second simple curve is 6° and the stationing of the point of i
ntersection of the first curve is 4+450. Determine the stationing of the PC, the PRC and the
PT.
24. Two parallel tangents 20 m apart are to be connected by a reversed curve. The radius of the
first curve at the PC has a radius of 800 m and the total length of the chord from the PC to
the PT is 300 m.
a. Find the central angle of each curve.
b. Find the radius of the curve passing thru the PT.
25. A spiral 80 m long connects a tangent with a 6°30’ circular curve. If the stationing of the T
S is 10+000, and the gauge of the tract on the curve is 1.5 m. Determine the following:
a. The elevation of the outer rail at the mid-point, if the velocity of the fastest train to
pass over the curve is 60 kph.
b. The spiral angle at the first quarter point.
c. The deflection angle at the end point.
d. The offset from the tangent at the second quarter point.
26. The tangents of a spiral curve has azimuths of 226° and 221° respectively. The minimum len
gth of spiral is 40 m with a minimum super-elevation of 0.10 m/m width of roadway. The
maximum velocity to pass over the curve is 70 kph. Assume width of roadway to be 9 m.
a. Determine the degree of simple curve.
b. Determine the length of spiral at each end of simple curve.
c. The super elevation of the first 10 m from SC on the spiral.
27. A simple curve having a radius of 280 m connects two tangents intersecting at an angle of 5
0°. It is to be replaced by another curve having 80 m spirals at its ends such that the point
of tangency shall be the same.
a. Determine the radius of the new circular curve.
b. Determine the distance that the curve will move nearer the vertex.
c. Determine the central angle of the circular curve.
d. Determine the deflection angle at the end point of the spiral.
e. Determine the offset from tangent at the end point of the spiral.
f. Determine the distance along the tangent at the mid-point of the spiral.
28. The two tangents of a simple curve have azimuths of 270° and 10° respectively. It has a rad
ius of 320 m. It is required to change this curve to a spiral curve that will have values of p
= 2.5 m and a distance of 30 m from TS to point A. Determine the distance on which the n
ew curve must be moved from the vertex and its distance from TS to the PC of the simple
curve.

..
29. Two tangents having azimuth of 240° and 282° are connected by an 80 m spiral curve with
a 6° circular curve. The width of the roadway is 10 m. If the design velocity is 60 kph. Det
ermine the following:
a. Super-elevation at quarter points.
b. Deflection angle at the end point (SC).
c. External distance.
30. A spiral curve was laid out in a certain portion of the roadway. It has a length of spiral of 8
0 m and an angle of intersection of the two tangents of 40°. If the degree of curve is degree
s, determine the following elements of the spiral curve to be laid out:
a. Length of long and short tangent.
b. Length of throw.
c. Maximum velocity that a car could pass thru the curve without skidding.
31. A simple curve having a degree of curve equal to 4°30’ has central angle of 50°50’. It is re
quired to replace the simple curve to another circular curve by connecting a transition curve
(spiral) at each end by maintaining the radius of the old curve and the center of the new cen
tral curve is moved away by 5 m from the intersection point. Determine the central angle of
the new circular curve and compute the tangent distance of the spiral curve. What is the ma
ximum velocity that a car could pass thru the curve without skidding?
32. A simple curve having a radius of 600 m has an angle of intersection of its tangents equal t
o 40°30’. This curve is to be replaced by one of smaller radius so as to admit a 100 m spira
l at each end. The deviation of the new curve from the old curve at their midpoint is 0.50 m
towards the intersection of the tangents. Determine the radius of the central curve and its ce
ntral angle. If the stationing of the intersection of the tangents is 10+820.94, determine the st
ationing of the TS of the spiral curve.
33. A portion of proposed circumferential road was designed to have a 4°30’ simple circular cur
ve based on a 20 m arc which connects the two tangents having an intersection angle of 50°
50’. Due to some technical problems encountered in the actual site, it was then decided to re
place the simple curve to another circular curve by connecting a transition curve (spiral) at e
ach end by maintaining the radius of the old curve but the center of the new circular curve i
s shifted 5 m away from the intersection point of the tangents. It is required to determine th
e following:
a. Central angle of the new circular curve.
b. The tangent distance of the spiral curve.
c. The maximum velocity of the car that would pass thru the curve without skidding.
34. A simple curve having a degree of curve equal to 6° is connected by two tangents having an
azimuth of 240°and 280° respectively. It is required to replace this curve by introducing a t
ransition curve 80 m long at each end of a new central curve which is to be shifted at its m
idpoint away from the intersection of the tangents. Determine:
a. The radius of the new central curve if the center of the old curve is retained.
b. The distance which the new curve is shifted away from the intersection of the tangen
ts.
35. A simple having a radius of 200 m has a central angle of 50°30’. It is required to be replac
ed by another curve by connecting spiral (transition curve) at its ends by maintaining the rad
ius of the old curve and its center but the tangents are moved outwards to allow transition. P
art of the original curve is retained. The new intersection of the tangents is moved outward
by 2 m from it original position along the line connecting the intersection of tangents and th
e center of the curve. Determine the length of the transition curve (spiral) at each end of the
central curve. Compute also the central angle of the central curve from the SC to CS.
36. For the given compound curve, it is required to replace it with a transition (spiral) curve 100
m long starting at A and ends up at B. The degree of curve of the first curve is 4° while t
hat of the second curve is 10°. Central angles are 6° and 15° respectively for first and secon
d curve. Determine the short tangent and the long tangent.
1. On a railroad a -0.8% grade meters and +0.4% grade station 2+700 whose elevation of 30 m
eters. The maximum allowable change in grade per station having a length of 20 m is 0.15.
It is desired to place a culvert to drain the flood waters during heavy downpour. Where must
this culvert be located? At what elevation must the invert of the culvert be set if the pipe h
as a diameter of 0.9 m and the backfill is 0.3 m high? Neglect the thickness of the pipe.
2. The grade of a symmetrical parabolic curve from station 9+000 to the vertex V at Sta. 9+10
0 is minus 6% and from Sta. 9+100 to 9+200 is minus 2%. The elevation at the vertex is 1
00 m. H is required to connect these grade lines with a vertical parabolic curve that shall pa
ss 0.80 m above the vertex. Determine the amount of cut or fill. Locate also the stationing o
f the PC and the PT. The following field notes shows the ground elevations at their respecti
ve stations.
Station Ground Station Ground
Elev. Elev.
9+000 106.20 9+120 99.65
9+020 105.37 9+140 98.36
9+040 102.49 9+160 99.00
9+060 102.00 9+180 98.00
9+080 102.18 9+200 98.00
9+100 101.80
3. A descending grade of 4.2% grade intersect an ascending grade of 3% at station 11+488 of
elevations 20.80 meters. These two center gradelines are to be connected by a 260 meter ver
tical parabolic curve. At what station is the cross-drainage pipes be situated. If the overall ou
tside dimensions of the reinforced concrete pipe to be installed is 95 cm and the top of the c
ulvert is 30 cm below the subgrade, what will be the invert elevation at the center?
4. A horizontally laid circular pipe culvert having an elevation of its top to be 26 m crosses at
right angles under a proposed 120 m highway parabolic curve. The point of intersection of t
he grade lines is at station 5+216 and its elevation is 27.0 m while the culvert is located at
station 5+228. The backward tangent has a grade of 3% and the grade of the forward tangen
t is -1.6%. Under this condition, what will be the depth of cover over the pipe?

5. A vertical highway curve is to pass through a railroad at grade. The crossing must be at stati
on 4+210 and at elevation 220.82 m. The initial grade of the highway is +2% and meets a -
3% grade at station 4+135 at an elevation of 223.38 m. The rate of change must not exceed
2%.
a. What length of curve will meet these conditions?
b. What is the stationing and elevation of the highest point of the curve?
6. A symmetrical parabolic summit curve connects two grades of +6% and -4%. It is to pass th
rough a point p the stationing of which is 35+280 and the elevation is 198.13 m. If the elev
ation of the grade intersection is 200 m with stationing 35+300, determine:
a. The length of the curve.
b. Stationing and elevation of PC and PT.
c. The location of the highest point on the curve.
d. Elevation of station 35+260 on the curve.
7. An underpass crossing a reinforced concrete bridge along the Shaw Blvd. has a downward gr
ade of -4% meeting an upward grade of +8% at the vertex V (elevation 70.00 m) at station
7+700, exactly underneath the center line of the bridge having a width of 10 m. If the requir
ed minimum clearance under the bridge is 5 m and the elevation of the bottom of the bridge
is 78.10 m, determine the following:
a. Length of the vertical parabolic curve that shall connect the two tangents.
b. Stationing and elevation where a catch basin will be placed.
8. Point P is the location of the center line of an existing highway. An underpass is to be desig
ned perpendicular to the existing highway with a vertical parabolic curve such that is lowest
point is directly below P with a vertical clearance of 5.5 m. Stationing of the PI is 5+800 an
d has an elevation of 105 m. The slope of the tangent passing thru the PC is -4% and that o
f the PT is +3%. Determine the length of the vertical parabolic curve, the location of P bein
g on the right side of the curve and compute also the stationing of the PC if the elevation of
point P is 120 m.
9. An unsymmetrical parabolic curve has a forward tangent of -8% and a backward tangent of
+5%. The length of the curve on the left side of the curve is 40 m long while that of the ri
ght side is 60 m long. At station 6+780 and at elevation 110.
a. Determine the height of fill at the outcrop.
b. Determine the elevation of curve at station 6+820.
10. A forward tangent having a slope of -4% intersects the back tangent having a slope +7% at
point V at stations 6+300 having an elevation of 230 m. It is required to connect the two ta
ngents with an unsymmetrical parabolic curve that shall pass through point A on the curve h
aving an elevation of 227.57 m at station 6+270. The length of curve is 60 m on the side of
the back tangent.
a. It is required to determine the length of the curve on the side of the forward tangent.
b. Determine the stationing and elevation of the highest point of the curve.
11. In a certain road construction undertaken by the DPWH it was decided to connect a forward
tangent of 3% and a back tangent of -5% by a 200 meters symmetrical parabolic curve. It w
as discovered that the grade intersection at station 10+100, whose elevation is 100 m fall on
a rocky section with the exposed boulder at elevation 102.67 m. To avoid rock excavation, t
he project engineer decided to adjust the vertical parabolic curve in such a way that the curv
e will just clear the rock without altering the position of PC and the grade of the tangents.
Determine the stationing and elevation of the new PT.
12. A forward tangent of +6% was designed to intersect a back tangent of -3% at a proposed un
derpass along EDSA so as to maintain a minimum clearance allowed under a bridge which c
rosses perpendicular to the underpass. A 200 m curve lies on the side of the back tangent w
hile a 100 m curve lies on the side of the forward tangent. The stationing and elevation of t
he grade intersection is 12+530.20 and 100 m respectively. The center line of the bridge fall
s at station 12+575.20. The elevation of the underside of the bridge is 117.48 m. Determine
the minimum clearance of the bridge if it has a width of 10 m.
1. Using the prismoidal correction formula, find the corrected volume of cut between stations 8
0 m apart if the areas of the irregular section in cut at stations are 26 sq.m. and 68 sq.m., re
spectively. Base width = 8 m, side slope is 1:1.
2. Given the cross-section notes below of the ground which will be excavated for a roadway, c
ompute the volume of excavation between station 4+000 and 4+020. The roadway is 9 m wi
de with the slope of 1.5:1.
7.38 0.00 12.285
Station 4+000
1.92 3.15 5.19
8.82 0.00 10.08
Station 4+020
2.88 2.52 3.72
3. From the following cross-section notes, compute the corrected volumes of cut and fill, find t
he road bed being 6 m wide in cut and 4.8 m in fill. The side slope for both cut and fill is
1:1.
5.0 0.6 0.0 5.
Station 4 0 0 46
3+000 -2.6 0.0 0.3 2.
4 0 9 46
5.8 1.0 0.0 4.
Station 2 2 0 80
2+980 -3.4 0.0 0.6 1.
2 0 0 80
4. Given the following cross-sections. Determine the volume between stations 2+100 and 2+160
. Side slope 1.5:1, width of roadway = 20 m.
? 12.00 0.00 10.00 ?
2+100
-6.2 -6.00 -5.30 -4.00 -8.80
? 8.00 0.00 8.00 ?
2+160
-4.20 -5.00 -6.50 -2.00 -7.60
5. Given the following sections. Determine the volumes of cut and fill.
Base for cut = 9 m S.S. for cut = 1:1
Base for fill = 8 m S.S. for fill = 1.5:1
? 0.00 ?
Sta. 1+020
0.98 3.05 0.50
? 0.00 ?
Sta. 1+080
-1.84 -1.22 -0.42
6. Given the following sections. Determine the volume of the prismoid. The base is 6 m and th
e side slope is 1.25:1.
4.05 3.00 0.00 3.00 7.05
Sta.1+040
0.84 3.50 2.85 2.12 3.24
7.80 2.00 0.00 4.00 5.65
Sta.1+060
3.84 2.42 3.25 2.50 2.12
7. The following cross-section notes are for a road passing a hilly country. The roadbed is 11
m for cut, 10 m for side hill and 9 m for hill. The slope for cut is 1:1 and 1.5:1 for fill. Fin
d the volume by prismoidal formula.
Station 1+020
10.00 5.50 3.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 4.50 9.00
4.50 3.50 2.60 2.30 1.50 0 -1.50 -3.00
Station 1+040
10.00 5.50 3.00 2.00 0.00 2.00 4.50 9.00
4.50 4.00 0.00 -1.00 -1.50 -1.70 -2.00 -3.00
8. It is required to determine the earthwork volume of a portion of a road construction grading
work, base on the following cross-section notes below.
X 2.40 0.00 2.40 X
Sta.7+460
2.32 0.60 1.92 1.52 1.32
X 3.50 0.00 3.75 X
Sta.7+500
2.70 3.22 1.60 2.00 2.40
Base is 7.0 meters and side slope are 1.5:1. Compute the volume by applying the prismoidal
correction.
 9. The following is the cross-section notes from a road grading work. Road bed for cut
is 9 meters, for fill is 8 meters. Side slopes for cut is 1:1 and for fill is 1.5:1. Determine
whether the earthwork volume between the two stations is cut or fill. How much?
X 0 3.5 X
Sta.3+360
-3.2 1.2 1.2 2.8
X 2.0 0 4.0 X
Sta.4+000
-3.0 -1.6 0 2.7 3.6
 10. Given the following cross-section field notes of an earthwork on a rolling terrain. If t
he width of road is 12 meters and the side slope is 2.5:1 compute the volume by;
a. End area, applying the prismoidal correction.
b. End area correction for curvature if the road is on a 6° curve which turns to the righ
t with the given cross-section.
Station 5+000 Station 5+020
Left Center Right Left Center Right
31 0 3 41 0 17.25
10 5 3 14 7 4.5
11. A square lot is divided into 20 m squares and the corners are numbered I-IV vertical
and A-D horizontally. The ground elevations of the different corners are given in the ta
ble below. It is required to grade to a level surface of elevation 11 m. Allowing a shrink
age factor of 25 percent.
c. What is the excess excavated materials available after the grading work is completed
?
d. Which is more profitable to sell the excess materials at P3.00 a cubic meter loose or
sell it at P5.00 a cubic meter compacted?

I II III IV
A 15.3 13.5 11.7 9.5
B 16.8 14.2 12.3 10.7
C 15.3 12.6 10.4 9.7
D 13.2 11.6 9.9 8.8
12. A house lot ABCDE shown is to leveled 10 m higher than elevation of BM 1 whose
elevation is 0. Elevations of each points is based on BM 1. The square section is 20 m x
20 m. The elevations are as follows:
13. Here under shows a table of quantities of earthworks of a portion of a proposed nati
onal road to be constructed to connect some provinces in the Central Luzon. The length
of the free haul distance is specified to be 50 m long. It is required to determine the stat
ioning if the limits of free haul distance so as not to include its cost in the computation
of overhaul.
Station Cut Fill
2+000 60 sq.m.
2+020 35 sq.m.
2+040 20 sq.m.
2+060 10 sq.m.
2+080 0
2+100 15 sq.m.
2+120 60 sq.m.
2+140 100 sq.m.
14. The cross-sectional area of station 1+460 is 40 sq.m. in fill at stations 2+060 is 60 s
q.m. in cut. The free haul distance is 50 m while the cost of borrow is P4.00 per cubic
meter while the cost of excavation is P3.50 per cubic meter. Cost of haul is P0.20 per m
eter station. Balancing point is at station 1+760. Assume the ground surface to be slopin
g upward up to station 1+760 and then with a slightly steeper slope to station 2+060. De
termine (a) the stationing of the limits of free haul, (b) the stationing of the limits of eco
nomical haul, (c) the overhaul volume, (d) the length of overhaul, (e) the cost of haul, (f
) the cost of waste, and (g) the cost of borrow.
15. The amount of earthworks in a certain road is approximately balanced in cut and fill
for the given stretch. If the free haul distance is 30 m, determine the overhaul volume an
d length of overhaul.
Stations Cut Fill
1+000 60 sq.m.
1+020 40 sq.m.
1+040 70 sq.m.
1+060 0 0
1+080 50 sq.m.
1+100 98.74 sq.m.
16. The profile of the ground surface along which the center line of the roadway is to p
ass slopes uniformly with a grade of +4%. At station 5+400 the cross-sectional area is 2
0 sq.m. in fill and finished roadway slopes downward producing a cross-sectional area of
28.6 sq.m. in cut at station 5+850. The stationing of the balancing point is 5+650. The
free haul distance is 50 m. The cost of haul is P0.20 per meter-station while the cost of
borrow is P4.00 per cubic meter if the shrinkage factor is 20% will you borrow or waste
materials and by how much? Determine the station limits where borrowing or wasting is
to be done.
17. Given side slope of 2:1, a road width of 10 m and cross-sectional area of 36.4 sq.m.
for the following cross-sectional notes determine the missing values.
9.8 0 X2
Y1 Y +1.2
18. The cross-section notes of the ground surface at a given station of a road survey sho
ws that the ground is sloping at an 8% grade upward to the right. The difference in elev
ation between the ground surface and the finished subgrade at the centerline of the propo
sed road is 2.5 m. Width of subgrade is 7 meters with side slope of 2:1.
e. Compute the distance of the left slope stake from the center of the road.
f. Compute the distance of the right slope stake from the center of the road.
g. Determine the area of the cross-section.
19. From station 10+100 with center heights of 2 m in fill, the ground line makes a unif
orm slope of 4.8% to station 10+150 whose center heights is 1.2 m in cut.
h. Determine the slope of a new roadway.
i. Determine the distance from station 10+150, will the excavation extend.
j. Determine the area of fill 10 m from 10+100 if the width of roadway is 8 m and the
side slope is 1:2.
20. The grading works of a proposed National road shows the following data: Free haul
distance = 50 m; Length of economical haul = 450 m; cost of haul = P0.25 per meter st
ation. Compute the cost of borrow per cubic meter.