2.

Drug Study

NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING

DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 80 mg/tab 1 NSAID  antiplatelet  Reduce  Hypersensitivity  For patient with
Name: Aspirin tab ODPC effect by risk of MI  Gastric & ulcers swallowing difficulties,
inhibiting the patients with crush non-electric
Brand Name: production of previous MI coated aspirin and
Asaphen thromboxane, or unstable dissolve soft food or
which under angina. liquid.
normal
circumstances  Acute
bind platelet ischemic
molecules stroke.
together to
repair
damaged blood
vessels.

 This is why
aspirin is used
in long-term,
low doses to
prevent heart
attacks, strokes

32
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic Inhibits HMG- Antihyperlipidimic  Adjunct to  Hypersensitivi  Asthenia  Take this
Name: CoA diet for ty  Headache medication by
Simvastatin reductose, on reduction of  Acute liver  Nausea mouth with or
early step in low-density disease  Vomiting without food as
Brand Name: cholesrerol lipoprotein  Abdominal pain directed by your
Zocor biosynthesis  Nonfatal MI doctor, usually once
stroke daily in the evening.

33
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 30cc ODHS Laxative  Produces an  Constipation  Contraindicated in  Monitor sodium
Name: osmotic effect  To prevent & patients on a low- level for
Lactulose in colon; treat hepatic galactose diet hypernatremia
resulting encephalopathy  Use cautiously in  Promote fluid
Brand Name: distention patients with diabetes intake (>=1500-
Cephulac promotes mellitus. 2000mL/d)during
peristalsis. Also therapy for
decreases constipation; older
ammonia, adults often self-limit
probably as a liquids.
result of
bacterial
degradation,
w/c lowers the
pH of Colon
contents.

34
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 75mg/tab  Antiplatelet drug  inhibits the  Reduction of  Hypersensitivity  Summarize the
Name: 1tab, OD binding of atherosclerotic  Severe liver effectiveness
Clopidogrel adenosine events ( MI, impairment features and
bisulfate diphosphate to stroke & vascular  Active pathological potential side effects
its platelet death ) bleeding of clopidogrel.
Brand Name: reception,  Acute  Remind patients
Plavix impeding AD coronary not to discontinue
P-mediated syndrome clopidogrel without
activation first discussing it
&subsequent with the physician
platelet who prescribed
aggregation, clopidogrel
&irreversibly
modifies the
platelet ADP
reception.

35
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 30mg/ tab,1  Antihypertensive  Blocks ACE  Hypertension  Contraindicated with  Monitor blood
Name: tab every 8 Angiotensin from converting  Left ventricular allergy to drug or other pressure and pulse
Captopril hours converting enzyme angiotensin I to dysfunction after ACE inhibitors frequently during
(ACE) inhibitor angiotensin II. acute MI initial dose
Brand Name: adjustment and
Capoten  A powerful periodically during
vasocontrictor. therapy. (for patients
leading to treated with
decreased hypertension)
blood pressure,
decreases  Keep in mind that
aldosterone Captopril may cause
secretion and false-positive result
small increase for urine acetone.
in potassium
level.  The drug should
be administered 1
hour before or 2
hours after meals. It
may be crushed if
the patient has
difficulty swallowing.

36
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 50mg/ tab Antihypertensive  Beta-  Hypertension  hypersensitive to  For patient with
Name: 1tab Q6 Selective Beta adrenergic any component of this acute MI who can’t
Metoprolol Blocker blocking agents  Angina product. tolerate initial
succinate block the pectoris dosage or who
agonistic effect  Contraindicated in delays treatment,
Brand Name: of the  Heart failure patients with sinus start with
Toprol- XL sympathetic bradycardia, maintenance
neurotransmitte cardiogenic shock or dosage, as
rs by overt cardiac failure prescribed and
competing for when used to treat tolerated
receptor hypertension or
binding sites angina.

 Decrease
cardiac output,
peripheral
resistance , &
cardiac oxygen
consumption &
depress renin
secretion.

37
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 1mg/tab Antianginal  Thought to  Angina  Allergic reactions to  Assess location,
Name: 1tab TID reduce cardiac Pectoris organic nitrates are duration, intensity,
Isosorbide oxygen extremely rare, but and precipitating
Dinitrate demand by they do occur . factors of anginal
decreasing pain.
Brand Name: preload and
APO-ISON after load,  Monitor BP and
During also pulse routinely
may increase during period of
blood flow dosage adjustment.
through the
collateral
coronary
vessels.

38
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 5mg / tab 1  Antihypertensiv  Prevents  Essential  Renal failure  A reduction in
Name: tab OD e conversion of Hypertension  Hypersensitivity clinical signs of
Perindopril angiotensin I to congestive heart
erbumine  Angiostensin- angiotensin II,  Treatment of failure and an
converting enzyme a potent vaso systemic heart improvement in
(ACE) inhibitor constrictor. disease or failure exercise duration
Brand Name: are indicative of
Coversyl  Less therapeutic
angiotensin II response
decrease
peripheral
arterial
resistance,
decreasing
aldosterone
secretion,
which reduces
sodium & water
retention &
lower blood
pressure.

39
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 200mg/ tab 1 Antibacterial  Stops  Uncomplicate  Contraindicated in  Asses for
Name: tab BID bacteria from d urinary tract patients with known infection at
Cefixime multiplying by infections allergy to the beginning of and
preventing caused by cephalosporin group of throughout therapy.
bacteria from Escherichia coli antibiotics
Brand Name: forming the and Proteus  Obtain
Suprax walls that mirabilis. specimens for
surround them. culture and
 Pharyngitis sensitivity before
 The walls and tonsillitis initiating therapy.
are necessary
to protect the  Uncomplicate  Observe patient
bacteria from d gonorrhea for signs and
their symptoms of
environment anaphylaxis ( rash,
and keep the pruritus, laryngeal
contents of the edema, wheezing)
bacterial cell
together.

40
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 40mg/ tab 1 Proton pump  Inhibits  Erosive  Hypertensivity  Monitor for and
Name: tab ODBB inhibitor proton pump esophagitis with immediately report
Pantroprazole activity by GERD S&S of angioedema
sodium binding to or a severe skin
hydrogen-  Healing of reaction.
potassium duodenal ulcers
Brand Name: adenosine
Pantoloc triphospate,
located at
secretory
surface of
gastric parietal
cells, to
suppress
gastric acid
secretion

41
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 1 cap OD  By  Anti-  Hypersensitivity 
Name: supplementing contraction
Multivitamins the diet with medication
capsule additional
vitamins and  Hypomagnese
Brand Name: minerals, mia
Enervon-C multivitamins
can be a
valuable tool
for those with
dietary
imbalances or
different
nutritional
needs

42
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 1gm IV every  Anti-infective  Third-  Lower  is contraindicated in  Administer only
Name: 8 hrs generation respiratory tract patients who have after negative skin
Cefotaxime  Third ceplalosporin infections shown hypersensitivity testing
sodium Generation that inhibits cell to cefotaxime sodium,
cephalosporin wall synthesis,  Bacteremia any component of  Observe site
promoting claforan, or the closely for
osmotic  Skin and skin cephalosporin group of extravasation during
instability; structure antibiotics. administration.
usually infections
bactericidal.  Observe for signs
 Inta- of adverse effects,
abdominal especially those
infections suggesting a
superinfection.

 Observe for signs

of renal, hepatic or
haematological
dysfunction during
prolonged therapy.

43
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 2mg SIVP for  Opioid agonist  Interacts  Severe pain  Renal failure  Monitor fluid
Name: breakthrough with opioid intake and output.
Morphine pain VAS 4/10  Opioid receptors sites,  Moderate to  Acute respiratory Stay alert for urinary
Sulfate analgesic primarily in severe pain depression retention.
limbic system, requiring
thalamus, and continuous,  Assess neurologic
spinal cord. round-the-clock status. Implement
This interaction opioid safety measures as
alters needed to prevent
neurotransmitte injury.
r release, 
altering Evaluate patient for
perception of signs and symptoms
and tolerance of physical or
for pain psychological
dependence. Be
watchful for drug
hoarding.

44
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 40mg/tab  Anti ulcer agent  Reduces  Healing of  Hypersensitivity to  Monitor for S&S of
Name: ODBB gastric acid Erosive the drug adverse CNS effects
Esomeprazol  Poton pump secretion and Esophagitis (vertigo, agitation,
e magnesium inhibitors decreases depression)
gastric acidity  Maintenance especially in
of Healing of severely ill patients.
Erosive
Esophagitis

 Risk
Reduction of
NSAID-
Associated
Gastric Ulcer

 Symptomatic
Gastroesophage
al Reflux
Disease

45
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 1neb every 8  Anticholinergic  Inhibits  Bronchospasm  Hypersensitivity to  Ensure that
Name: hours Bronchodilator vagally in chronic atropine or any patients are able to
Ipratropium mediated bronchitis anticholinergic correctly use the
bromide reflexes by &emphysema derivatives or to soya delivery device for
antagonizing lecithin or related food their medication and
: acetylcholine at  Rhinorrhea products consider use of a
muscarinic caused by space if appropriate.
receptors on seasonal allergic
bronchial rhinitis  If administering by
smooth nebulizers use a
muscles. mouthpiece rather
than face mask.

 Evaluate
therapeutic
response

46
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 300mg IV Analgesic  Thought to  Treatment of  Hypersensitivity to  Do not exceed
Name: every 4hrs produce mild pain or fever the drug and alcoholism the recommended
Paracetamol analgesia by dosage
inhibiting  Temporary
Brand Name: prostaglandin & relief of  Carefully check
Naprex other headache, all OTC products
substances that myalgia & back
sensitize pain pain
receptors. Drug
may relieve
fever through
central action in
the
hypothalamic
heat-regulating
center

47
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 1gm IV every  Antibiotic  Inhibits  Septicema  Contraindicated to  ANST prior
Name: 8 hrs  Third- synthesis of caused by patients allergic to administration of the
Ceftazidime generation bacteria cell susceptible penicillins, drug.
cephalosporin wall,promoting microorganisms cepahlosporins  Monitor for
osmotic such as extreme confusion,
Brand Name: instability; streptococci tonic-clonic
Tazicef usually  Pseudomona seizures, and mild
bactericidal s & some strains hemiparesis when
bacteriodes giving high doses.
 Assess CBC and
kidney and liver
function test results.
 Monitor for signs
and symptoms of
superinfection and
other serious
adverse reactions.
 Be aware that
cross-sensitivity to
penicillins may
occur.

48
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 750mg TIV Antibiotics  Inhibits  Bacterial  Hypersensitivity  Obtain specimen
Name: OD protein septicemia  To drug and other for culture and
Amikacin synthesis by aminoglycosides sensitivity test
sulfate binging directly  Intra- before giving first
to the 3OS abdominal dose. Therapy may
ribosomal infections begin while awaiting
subunit; results.
bactericidal
 Weigh patient and
review renal function
studies before
therapy begins.

49
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 50mg SIVP Analgesic  Thought to  Is indicated  Should not be  Assess for
Name: Q6 bind to opioid for the administrated to level of pain relief
Tramadol receptors and management of patients who have and administer prn
hydrochloride inhibit reuptake moderate to previously dose as needed but
of moderately hypersensitivity to not to exceed the
Brand Name: norepinephrine severe pain in tramadol. recommended total
Tramal and serotonin adults. daily dose.
 Use cautiously in
patients at risk for  Monitor vital
seizures or respiratory signs and assess for
depression and in orthostatic
patients with increase hypotension or signs
intracranial pressure or of CNS depression.
head injury.
 Monitor
ambulation and take
appropriate safety
precautions.

50
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 2gm TIV stat anticonvulsant  Controls  Hypomagnes  Parenteral  Keep IV Calcium
Name: convulsions by emia administration gluconate available
Magnesium blocking contraindicated in to reverse
sulfate neuromuscular  Managing life patients with heart magnesium
transmission threatening block or myocardial intoxication.
and decreasing ventricular damage  Check
the amount of arrhythmias,  Use cautiously in magnesium level
acetylcholine such as patients with impaired after repeated
liberated at the sustained renal function. doses.
end plate by ventricular  Monitor fluid
the motor tachycardia intake and output.
nerve impulse Make sure urine
output is 100ml or
more or 4hrs period
before each dose.

51
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 2gm TIV stat NSAID  May inhibit  For  Hypersensitive to the  Don’t give drug
Name: prostaglandin moderately drug epidurally or
Ketorolac synthesis, to severe acute  Contraindicated for intrathecally
tromethamine produce anti- pain treatment of because of
inflammatory, perioperative pain in alcohol content.
analgesic and  Don’t give drug
Brand Name: anti-pyretic concomitantly
Toradol effects with other forms
of ketorolac or
other NSAIDs
 Carefully observe
patients with
coagulopathies
and those taking
anticoagulants.
Drug inhibits
platelet
aggregation and
can prolong
bleeding time.

52
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 20mg IV stat Diuretic  Inhibits  Edema  Contraindicated in  Observe patients
Name: sodium & patients hypersensitive receiving parenteral
Furosemide chloride  Hypertension to drug drug carefully;
reabsorption at closely monitor BP
the proximal &  should be used with and vital signs.
Brand Name: distal tubules & caution in patients with Sudden death from
Diuspec distal tubules & preexisting electrolyte cardiac arrest has
the ascending or water balance been reported.
loop Henle abnormalities, impaired
hepatic function (may  Monitor BP
precipitate hepatic during periods of
coma) and diabetes diuresis and through
mellitus period of dosage
adjustment.

53
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 50mg TIV Q8 Histamine H2-  Competitively  Active  Hypersensitivity to  Access patient for
Name: Antagonists inhibits action duodenal & drug abdominal pain
Ranitidine of histamine in gastric ulcer
hydrochloride the H2 at  Note for presence
receptor cite of  Treatment of of blood in emesis,
Brand Name: parietal cells, GERD stool or gastric
Ranitac decreasing aspirate.
gastric acid  Treatment of
secretion. pathological
hypersecretory
conditions.

54
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 2.5mg/ 0.5ml Anticoagulant,  Blinds to  Treatment of  Active major  Assess for signs
Name: 2.5 mg SQ OD antithrombotic antithrombin III Acute Deep Vein bleeding. of bleeding and
Fondaparinux (AT-III) & Thrombosis  Bacterial hemorrhage
potentiates the endocarditis. (bleeding gums;
neutralization  Treatment of  Thrombocytopenia nosebleed; unusual
Brand Name: of factor Xa by Acute Pulmonary associated with a bruising; black, tarry
Arixtra AT-III, which Embolism positive in vitro test for stools; hematuria;
interrupts anti-platelet antibody in fall in hematocrit;
coagulation & the presence of sudden drop in BP;
inhibit fondaparinux sodium. guaiac positive
formation of stools); bleeding
thrombin &  Contraindicated in from surgical site.
blood clots patients with creatinine Notify health care
clearance less than professional if these
30ml/min & in those occur.
who are hypersensitive
to the drug.

55
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 35mg/tab 1tab Anti-Anginal Drugs  is an anti-  Angina pectoris  Hypersensitivity  Assess location,
Name: BID Mechanism of ischemic (anti- duration and
Trimetazidine Action anginal) intensity of anginal
metabolic  Vertigo pain
agent, which  Monitor BP and
improves PR before and after
myocardial gluc  Tinnitus administering the
ose utilization drug
through  Notify prescribing
inhibition signs of heart failure
of fatty acid such as swelling of
metabolism, the hands and feet
also known or shortness of
as fatty acid breath
oxidation  Instruct to avoid
inhibitor strenuous or
hazardous activities
requiring alertness
to prevent risks of
falls and injury

56
NAME OF DOSAGE/ CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION NURSING
DRUG FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY
Generic 0.4cc SQ BID  Anticoagulant  Accelerates  To prevent  Hypersensitivity to  Monitor closely
Name: formation of Deep vein drug heparin on pork patients with renal
Enoxaparin  Low-molecular- antithrombin III- thrombosis products. insufficiency and
weight heparin thrombin older adults who are
complex  To prevent  Major bleeding at higher risk for
&deactivates pulmonary disorder thrombocytopenia.
thrombin, embolism
preventing  Monitor for and
conversion of  To prevent report immediately
fibrinogen to ischemic any sign or symptom
fibrin . complications of of unexplained
 Drug has a unstable angina bleeding.
higher &non-Q-wave MI
antifactor -Xa- and oral aspirin  Never give Drug
to-antifactor-IIa therapy IM
activity ratio
than heparin  Acute ST-
segment
elevation MI

57