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CELTA - Conditionals - Handout 1

This document discusses conditionals and contains the following information: [1] It introduces the three types of conditional sentences - Type 1 uses present tense, Type 2 uses past tense, and Type 3 uses past perfect. Type 2 and 3 are considered "unreal" or hypothetical conditions. [2] Sample sentences from song lyrics are analyzed to identify examples of the three types and any that do not fit the patterns. [3] Examples of learner errors with conditionals are provided, asking the reader to identify what each learner is doing incorrectly. The document provides information on classifying conditional sentences and analyzing examples to help teach this grammar point.

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Higor Cavalcante
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268 views2 pages

CELTA - Conditionals - Handout 1

This document discusses conditionals and contains the following information: [1] It introduces the three types of conditional sentences - Type 1 uses present tense, Type 2 uses past tense, and Type 3 uses past perfect. Type 2 and 3 are considered "unreal" or hypothetical conditions. [2] Sample sentences from song lyrics are analyzed to identify examples of the three types and any that do not fit the patterns. [3] Examples of learner errors with conditionals are provided, asking the reader to identify what each learner is doing incorrectly. The document provides information on classifying conditional sentences and analyzing examples to help teach this grammar point.

Uploaded by

Higor Cavalcante
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CELTA

Language Awareness: Conditionals

A Warm-up
1 Work in pairs. Match the beginnings (1-10) with the endings (a-j) of these song lines.

1 If I was your girlfriend... A ... the love I would’ve shown.

2 If you ever leave me... B ... what a wonderful world this would be.

3 Where would you be... C ... I don’t want to be right.

4 If you don’t know me by know... D ... don’t mention my name.

5 If every day could be just like Christmas... E ... will you take me with you?

6 If I had only known... F ... you will never, never, never know me.

7 If loving you is wrong... G ... would you let me wash your hair?

8 If I could turn back time, if I could find a H ... if he walked into my life today?
way...
9 If you talk in your sleep... I ... I’d take back those words that have hurt
you.
10 Would I make the same mistakes... J ... if you weren’t here with me?

B Conditional sentences
1 Read this description from a grammar reference book and answer the questions.

Conditional sentences are usually divided into three basic types referred to as Type 1, Type
2 and Type 3. Each has its own variations, but the elements are as follows:

Type 1: What will you do if you lose your job?


Asking, talking about something that is quite possible:
‘if’ + present + ‘will’
If I lose my job, I will go abroad.
Type 2: What would you do if you lost your job?
Asking/talking about imagined situations/consequences now:
‘if’ + past + ‘would’
If I lost my job, I would go abroad.
Type 3: What would you have done if you had lost your job?
Asking/talking about imagined situations/consequences then:
‘if’ + past perfect + ‘would have’
If I had lost my job, I would have gone abroad.
Longman English Grammar Alexander

1 What types express unreal (i.e. hypothetical) conditions?


Adapted from The CELTA Course: Trainee Book – Scott Thornbury and Peter Watkins
Session by Higor Cavalcante – CELTA 2019
CELTA
Language Awareness: Conditionals
2 What is significant about the form of these ‘unreal’ types?

2 Look back at the song lyrics in A and identify:

a one example of each of the three types


b any sentences that don’t fit any of the types
c the pattern that they do follow

C Learner problems

Study these examples of learner errors. In each case, decide what the learner is getting
wrong.

a If it will rain, we will wait for you in the house.


b If you didn’t like it, you went!
c If I could choose a city to live in, I’m sure I’ll choose Florence.
d If Cleopatra would have been ugly, history had been different.

D Functions and contexts


1 Complete the table.

Model sentence Type Likely function Possible context


If you’re not careful, 1 warning Parent to child who is playing
you’ll cut yourself. with scissors.

I would’ve called you if


I’d known you were ill.

If I were you, I’d join a


gym.

If you like romance, you’ll


love this film.

I’d live in the town center


if I could afford it.

If you need anything, just


help yourself.

If you’d been here on


time, we wouldn’t have
missed the flight.

Adapted from The CELTA Course: Trainee Book – Scott Thornbury and Peter Watkins
Session by Higor Cavalcante – CELTA 2019

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