5
Module 17
Science and Health
A DepEd-BEAM Distance Learning Program supported by the Australian Agency for International Development
To the Learner
Dear Learner,
Good day kids! How are you? I hope you are well. It’s my pleasure to
introduce to you, another group of animals today. Let’s enjoy learning about
the animals around us.
Let’s Learn This
We classify animals according to their characteristics. The first group is
the VERTEBRATES, the animals with backbone which we learned in the
previous lesson. The second group is called INVERTEBRATES. It is a group
of animals that do not have backbones. It is also the animals that we are
going to learn in this module.
There are eight large groups of invertebrates: Porifera, Coelenterates,
Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Echinoderms, and
Arthopods.
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Let’s Try This
Match the picture in column A to the group of invertebrates they
belong in column B.
A B
a. Porifera
b. Mollusk
c. Arthropods
d. Annelida
e. Echinoderm
f. Nematoda
g. Platyhelminthes
h. Coelenterates
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Let’s Study This
Invertebrates are animals that do not have backbone. There are eight
large groups of invertebrates.
1. Porifera
The Poriferans are marine animals full of pores or holes. These holes
serve as passage for water which carries nutrients and gases.
Sponges or pore-bearing animals belong to this group.
Bath sponge Venus flower basket
2. Coelenterata (Coelenterates)
The Coelenterate or Coelenterates are hollow-bodied or soft-bodied
animals. Their bodies are made up of two layers of cells which form a
hollow tube. Examples of animals in this group are the fresh water hydras,
hydroids, jellyfish, sea fans, sea anemones, and corals.
Sea anemone Hydra Jellyfish Coral
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3. Platyhelminthes
Platyhelminthes have bodies that look like ribbons. They have no
space inside so they have no digestive system. Flatworms belong to this
group.
The tapeworm and flukes are
examples of flatworms. The tapeworm lives
in the human intestine and feeds completely
on the digested food of its host. Flukes stay
in the liver. They are parasites.
Tapeworm
4. Nematoda (Nematodes)
Nematoda or Nematodes consist
of animals called roundworms. They are
long, thin, round, and pointed at one or
both ends. Some of them are also
parasites. The ascaris lives in the
intestines of the human beings. The
hookworm, another parasite, enters the
human body by boring through the skin
in the feet. Hookworm
5. Annelida
Animals belong to this group are
segmented worms. They are the most
complex among the worms. Their bodies
are divided into segments. Examples of
the animals in this group are the
earthworms and leeches.
Earthworm
6. Mollusca (Mollusks)
Mollusca or Mollusks are soft-
bodied or shelled animals. Snails, slugs,
clams, mussels, oysters, squids and
octopuses are mollusks. Most animals
like the clams, oysters and snails have
shells that protect their soft bodies. Mollusks
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7. Echinodermata (Echinoderms)
Echinodermata or Echinoderms
are spiny-skinned sea animals. They
have hard shells covered with prickly
spines or needles. Starfish, sand
dollars, sea urchins, and sea cucumber
are the most common examples of this
group. Sea urchin Starfish
8. Arthropoda (Arthropods)
Arthropoda or Arthropods are joint-legged animals. They make up
the largest group in the animal kingdom. Their legs are jointed. Their
bodies and legs are made up of sections. They have an outside shell called
the exoskeleton.
There are four groups of animals in this group. These are:
a. Crustaceans have a hard outer
body covering divided into
sections. Crabs, lobsters and
shrimps belong to this group.
Crustaceans (crab) Lobster
b. Insects are small, six-legged animals or have three pairs of walking
legs, one or two pairs of wings and a pair of antennae. Their bodies
are divided into three parts: the head,
the thorax, and the abdomen. They
change their form as they grow. They
are the most numerous animals on
earth. Bees, ants, wasps, butterflies,
cockroaches, ladybugs, fireflies,
termites, moths and grasshopper are Butterfly Grasshopper
insects.
c. Arachnids have four pairs of walking legs. They have possess
spinnerets with which they spin silk thread into webs, cocoons and
nests. Examples of arachnids are scorpions, mites, ticks and spiders.
Spider Tick Scorpion
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d. Myriapods are animals with many legs. They are the millipedes
(diplopods) which have two pairs of legs in every segment of their
body and the centipedes (chilopods) which have one pair of legs in
every segment of their body.
Let’s Do This
A. Identify the characteristics of the different invertebrates by completing
the Chart using the following descriptions.
Classification - arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms, coelenterates
Movement - fly, crawl, swim
Description - with exoskeleton, spiny skin, soft and segmented body,
enclosed in a shell, hollow-body stinging cells or
tentacles
Animals Classification Movement Description
1. Snails
2.Earthworm
3. Lobsters
4. Starfish
5. Jellyfish
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B. Match column A with column B. Write the letter of the correct answer.
A B
_____1. Multi-legged with segmented bodies, their a. Coelenterates
skeleton is located outside their bodies
_____2. Hollow-bodied animals and have stinging b. Echinoderms
cells or tentacles
_____3. Soft-bodied and are enclosed in a shell c. Porifera
_____4. Spiny skinned sea animals d. Annelida
_____5. Have soft, long, slender and segmented e. Invertebrate
bodies
_____6. Pore-bearing animals f. Platyhelminthes
_____7. They have flatworms and have no g. Arthropods
digestive system
_____8. Animals without backbone h. Mollusks
Let’s Do More
A. Underline the correct example of a given group of invertebrates.
1. Insects (Starfish, Spider, Butterfly)
2. Arachnids (Scorpion, Squid, Leeches)
3. Crustaceans (Jellyfish, Lobster, Planaria)
4. Myriapods (Centipede, Moth, Slug)
5. Arthropods (Clams, Flukes, Dragonfly)
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B. Cross the animal which does not belong to the group.
1. Starfish Snail Sea cucumber
2. Snail Squid Sea urchin
3. Fly Spider Hookworm
4. Earthworm Leech Ascaris
5. Ascaris Hookworm Tapeworm
6. Tapeworm Fluke Ascaris
7. Jellyfish Hydra Sponge
C. Identify and give the name of the group of the following invertebrates.
Let’s Remember This
Invertebrates are animals without backbones. There are eight
subgroups or class of invertebrates: Porifera, Coelenterates,
Platyhelmintes, Nematoda, Annelida, Mollusca, Echinoderms and
Arthropods.
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Let’s Test Ourselves
Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of these animals is a mollusk?
a. Squid b. Corals c. Spiders d. Lobsters
2. All of these are arthropods EXCEPT ___________.
a. Ant b. clam c. butterfly d. centipede
3. To which group do sea urchin and starfish belong?
a. Porifera b. Arthropods c. Coelenterates d. Echinoderms
4. How are liverflukes and tapeworms similar?
a. They are flatworms.
b. They are roundworms.
c. They are long and have segmented body.
d. They have soft and hollow body.
5.
Clam Snails Dragonfly Grasshopper
Howdo snails and clams differ from grasshoppers and dragonflies?
a. Snails and clams have hard shells while grasshoppers and
dragonflies have none.
b. Snails and clams have soft spines while grasshoppers and
dragonflies have none.
c. Snails and clams have segmented bodies while grasshoppers and
dragonflies have none.
d. Snails and clams have the same characteristics with grasshoppers
and dragonflies.
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Science Fact File
The earthworm is the most beneficial of all nematodes. The
earthworm is also called the night crawler. Earthworms are commonly
found in moist, warm soil throughout the world. They are a well-known
fishing bait, and are sometimes called fishworms or angleworms.
Earthworm
Earthworms contribute to the growth of plants. They help break down
the humus (decaying matter in the soil). The soil is loosened and mixed as
the earthworms burrow through the ground. They are also important food
for birds.
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Answer Key
Let’s Try This
1. b 5. h
2. d 6. g
3. c 7. e
4. f 8. a
Let’s Do This
A.
Animals Classification Movement Descrption
1. Snails mollusks crawl Enclosed in a
shell
2.Earthworms Annelida Crawl Soft &
segmented body
3. Lobsters Arthropods Swim With
exoskeleton
4. Starfish Echinoderms Crawl Spiny skin
5. Jellyfish coelenterates swim Stinging cells or
tentacles
B.
1. g 5. d
2. a 6. c
3. h 7.f
4. b 8.e
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Let’s Do More
A. B.
1. butterfly 1. Snails 5. Tapeworm
2. scorpion 2. Sea urchin 6. Ascaris
3. lobster 3. Hookworm 7. Sponge
4. centipede 4. Ascaris
5. dragonfly
C.
1. Arthropods 6. Sponges
2. Annelida 7. Mollusks
3. Nematoda 8. Echinoderm
4. Mollusks 9. Arthropods
5. Platyhelminthes 10. Coelenterates
Let’s Test Ourselves
1. a
2. b
3. d
4. a
5. a
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