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    Bab 3 Vectors r2 r3 PDF

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    Lailatul Maghfiroh
    The plane passing through three points (1,2,-1), (2,3,1), and

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    Bab 3 Vectors r2 r3 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Lailatul Maghfiroh
    81 views41 pages
    The plane passing through three points (1,2,-1), (2,3,1), and

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    bab-3-vectors-r2-r3.pdf

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    The plane passing through three points (1,2,-1), (2,3,1), and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    81 views41 pages

    Bab 3 Vectors r2 r3 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Lailatul Maghfiroh
    The plane passing through three points (1,2,-1), (2,3,1), and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 41

    GEOMETRIC VECTORS

    GEOMETRIC VECTORS

    Vectors with the same length and same direction are called
    equivalent.

    If v and w are equivalent, we write:


    v=w
    Two vectors are said to be equal if and only
    if they have the same magnitude and
    direction.
    ABCD is a parallelogram,
    A D
    then AB DC
    and AD BC
    B C
    GEOMETRIC VECTORS
    GEOMETRIC VECTORS
    The vectors of length zero is called the zero vectors, denoted by 0
    0 + v = v +0 = v

    v+ (-v) = 0
    (-v) has the same length as v but is
    oppositely directed.

    Definition:
    If v and w are two vectors, then
    the difference of w from v is
    defined by:

    v – w = v + (-w)
    GEOMETRIC VECTORS

    kv = 0 if k = 0 or v = 0
    Vectors in Coordinate Systems

    v = (v1, v2)
    v1 , v2 = components of v

    v = (v1, v2) and w = (w1, w2)

    v + w = (v1 + w1, v2 + w2)


    Vectors in Coordinate Systems

    If v = (v1, v2) and k is a scalar, then :

    kv = (kv1, kv2)
    Vectors in Coordinate Systems
    Vectors in 3-Space: xy –plane, xz-plane, yz-plane

    P = (x,y,z) ; x = OX, y = OY, z = OZ


    Vectors in Coordinate Systems
    Vectors in Coordinate Systems
    Vectors in Coordinate Systems
    VECTORS OPERATIONS
    VECTORS OPERATIONS
    VECTORS OPERATIONS
    Norms of a Vector
    Norms of a Vector
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    Example :
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    DOT PRODUCT
    CROSS PRODUCT
    CROSS PRODUCT
    Dot Product : Skalar
    Cross Product : Vektor
    CROSS PRODUCT
    Example:
    CROSS PRODUCT
    Cross Product - Standard Unit Vector

    i = (1,0,0), j = (0,1,0), k = (0,0,1)


    v = (v1,v2, v3) = v1(1,0,0) + v2 (0,1,0) + v3 (0,0,1)
    v = v1i + v2j + v3k

    Ex : (2,-3,4) = 2i – 3j +4k

    ixi=0 jxj=0 kxk=0


    ixj=k jxk=i kxi=j
    j x i = -k k x j = -I ix k = -j
    Determinant Form of Cross Product
    Geometric Interpretation of Cross Product

    If u and v are vectors in 3-spaces,


    θ : angle between u and v, 0 ≤ θ ≤ π, sin θ ≥ 0,
    Geometric Interpretation of Cross Product
    Geometric Interpretation of Cross Product
    Geometric Interpretation of Cross Product
    If u, v, and w are vectors in 3-space, then u . (v x w)

    is called the scalar triple product of u, v, and w.


    Geometric Interpretation of Cross Product
    Example :
    Lines and Places in 3-Spaces
    In this section we shall use vectors to derive equations of lines and planes
    in 3-space. We shall then use these equations to solve some basic
    geometric problems.

    Planes in 3-Space
    To find the equation of the plane passing through the point P0 (x0,y0,z0)
    and having the nonzero vector n = (a,b,c) as a normal.
    Vector is orthogonal to n; that is,

    We call this the point-normal form of the equation of a plane


    Equation of a Plane
    Theorema :
    If a, b, c, and d are constants and a, b, and c are not all zero, then the
    graph of the equation ax + by + cz + d = 0
    is a plane having the vector n = (a,b,c ) as a normal

    ax + by + cz + d = 0 is a linear equation in x, y, and z; it is called the


    general form of the equation of a plane

    Example :
    Find an equation of the plane passing through the point (3,-1,7) and perpendicular
    to the vector n = (4,2,-5).
    Point-normal form is :
    Equation of the plane is :

    ax + by + cz + d = 0 4x + 2y – 5z +24 = 0
    Equation of a Plane Through Three Points

    Find the equation of the plane passing through the points P1 (1,2,-1), P2 (2,3,1) ,
    and P3 (3,-1,2).

    ax + by + cz + d = 0

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