Ex.No.

1
Document creation and Text Manipulation with scientific notation

Aim:-

To create a word document and perform text manipulation with scientific notation.

I. open a new document and perform the following task

(1) Justify the text

(2) Make some of the text as bold type
(3) Correct the spelling
(4) Underline and make italic style for some word
(5) Save the documents with a suitable name

Procedure

(1) Open a new document using file -> new option and type the text

(2) For justification select the entire text in the document. Then press Ctrl + J or
select the justify button on the formatting tool bar.

(3) For Bold face of the words, select the word then press Ctrl + B or select bold
button on the formatting tool bar.

(4) For spelling correction select the word you want to correct then right click.

(5) Click on spelling and grammar button on the standard tool bar.
(6) Select the text which you want to make italic style. Then press Ctrl + I or italic
button on the formatting tool bar.

(7) For saving the document press Ctrl + S. or Click on save button on the standard
tool bar,
(8) Or select the save option from the file menu.

II. How can you do the following alignment features?

Easwari Engineering College (Left Align)

Department Of It (Right Align)
Ramapuram, Chennai- 89(Center Align)
Justify the following paragraph.

Today, the SRM GROUP, with its more than 17 Educational Institutions, in different
locations in the Country, is highly ranked amongst the leading Groups of Educational

1
Institutions. A major thrust is placed for enhancing excellence through a large variety
of structured Academic Programs, designed with Topics of relevance, as per UGC
Norms; These are included in the Curricula of the SRM Deemed University; these cover
Under-Graduate, Post-Graduate Courses and Ph.D. Programs in various Disciplines,
such as, Engineering and Technology, Medicine, Dental Science and Surgery, Life
Sciences, Management, Hospitality and Hotel Management, Paramedical, Nursing and
Arts and Science

Procedure

1) Select the text for alignment

2) For left alignment, press Ctrl + L or press align left button on the formatting tool bar.
3) For Center alignment, press Ctrl+E or press align center button on the formatting
tool bar.
4) For right alignment, press Ctrl + R or press align right button on the formatting tool
bar.
5) For Justification, press Ctrl+J or press Justify button on the formatting tool bar.

III. Insert the symbols given below

☼ -> Sun
♫ -> Music
™ -> Trade Mark
√ -> Tick Mark
$ -> Dollar

Procedure

(1) For inserting the symbols

(2) Type the text then put the cursor where you want to add the symbols

(3) Choose the symbols option from insert menu.

IV Change the different types of font types and sizes as given below:

Easwari Engineering College

Easwari Engineering College

Easwari Engineering College

Easwari Engineering College

Procedure

2
 (1) Select the text you want to change for font types and sizes.
(2) Then Choose font option from the format menu
(3) Choose the required forn type from the font drop down list box and the required
size from the size list box on the font dialog box .
(4) Then click on Ok.
(V) Try out the following equations in your document

Ca (HCO3)2 CaCo3 + CO2 + H2O

(A + B) 2 = A2 + B2 + 2 A B

( VI ) Try the following equations

− b ± b 2 − 4ac
2a

m 
Pr ∑ x j > T 
 j =0 

Procedure
(1) Click on insert object
(2) Choose Microsoft Equation using Equation Editor, Click on Ok
(3) Now the Microsoft equation tool bar appears,
(4) Using this tool bar , we can type any equations in this document.

Result: Word document document has been created and text manipulations have been
performed with scientific notations.

Exercises

1. Add an Animation to the text in the document

2. Design a visiting card for a managing director of a company as per the following
specifications
a. The size of the visiting card- 3 ½” X 2 2 ½ “
3. Name of the Company with large font , phone number, email –address and
website.

4. Prepare an advertisement for Easwari engineering College

5. Create two pages of your curriculum vitae

Ex. No:2

3
II Table Creation, Table Formatting and Conversion
Aim: To perform table creation ,table formatting and conversions in MS word

1.Create a Table with the following contents

Title of the Book Author
Computer Programming”, Pearson Ashok.N.Kamthane
Education (India) (2008
A Structured Programming Approach Behrouz A.Forouzan and
Using C”, II Edition, Brooks-Cole Thomson Richard.F.Gilberg,
Learning Publications, (2007).

Procedure

(1) Choose Table from insert menu

(2) It shows the insert table dialog box
(3) Then choose the required number of columns and rows
(4) Then click ok to add Table in your document
(5) Press Tab key to move the cursor from one cell to another

Create the Table with the following columns and display the results in the separate cells
for the following

1. Employee Name, Basic Pay, DA ,HRA ,Total Salary

2. Sort all Employees in ascending order with the name as the key
3. Calculate total Salary of all Employees
4. Calculate Grand Total Salary of all Employees.
5. Find maximum and minimum Salary of Employee

Select Table menu bar, then choose insert option

Set number of columns to five and number of rows to four and click ok
Now the Table is inserted in the document with five rows and four columns.
Enter the text in the column by pressing tab key leaving total salary blank.

Go to Table menu -> Select Sort , It shows the sort dialog box
In the Sort by option select Employee name from the drop down list and select
ascending option and click ok.

Place the cursor in the total salary of second row.

Click Table ->Formula.
It displays the formula dialog box with a formula= SUM (left)
Click ok. Now the total salary for the first Employee is displayed at the total salary
column. In the same way find the total salary of remaining rows

4
To find the grand salary, choose, in the formula dialog box
Type=SUM(above), No the grand salary is displayed

To find the max and min. salary select

Type=MIN(above),Now the minimum salary is displayed
Type=MAX(above).Now the maximum salary is displayed

Describe the steps to split a Cell and merge two cells in a Table
Write the steps to split a single Table to dual Table

Procedure:

(1) Select a cell in a table by clicking on it

(2) Select a split cell option from the table menu, the split cell dialogue box appears.
(3) Enter your choice to split cells and click Ok

Steps for merging:

(1) Select the merge cell option from the table menu.
(2) Click leftmost button and the selected cell will become one cell.

Converting a table to Text and text to table:

Converting a table to Text

Select a table in a document

(1) Choose the convert table to text option from the table menu.
(2) Now it shows the convert table to text dialogue box .
(3) Choose the separator of the text. Then click Ok.
(4) Now the table information is converted into text in a document.

Converting a text to table

(1) Choose the convert text to table option from the table menu.
(2) Now it shows the convert text to table dialogue box .
(3) Choose the table size and separator text option . Then click Ok.
(4) Now the text information is converted into table.

Result: Table creation, table formatting and conversions have been performed in MS
word

5
Ex. No.3

Mail merge and Letter preparation.

Aim: To prepare a letter using mail merge concept

MAIL MERGE

Mail merge is powerful feature in MS Word that helps you to create form letters, mailing
labels, envelopes, or catalogues. With mail merge you can get rid of the usual practice
of cutting and pasting labels in every copy of the letter.

The body of the letter is typed and saved in as a file named main document. The
addresses are typed and stored in another file called data source. By doing a mail
merge you are linking the main document with the data source. Another advantage of
using mail merge is that the next time you need to send a letter to the same set of
recipients, you can use the same data source file.

Getting Started with Mail Merge

Step 1: Click Start All Programs Microsoft Word.

Step 2: Click Tools  Letters and MailingsMail Merge

Select document type  Letters

Step 3: Next: Starting documentSelect ‘Use the current document’

Step 4: Next: Select recipients-select ‘Type a new list’

Step 5: Click Create link

6
Step 6: Type the list of addresses(at least 3) and click to close. (Close will
automatically save –Give a name of the file).

7
Step 7: Next: Write your letter

Dr. K.ABDUL GHANI, B.E, M.E, Ph.D., Date: 31.07.2009

PRINCIPAL

To
The Administrative Officer
Madras Atomic Power Station
Kalpakkam – 603 102.

Dear Sir,

Sub: Industrial Visit - permission – reg.

Easwari Engineering College has been imparting Technical and Management

education for more than 15 years. We offer courses in Engineering and Management for
under graduate and post graduate to produce quality Engineers to the Industries.

As per the curriculum the students of Information Technology branch have to be

exposed to the latest practices in Industries. IGCAR Kalpakam is one of the reputed
Atomic Power Stations in India which has to be familiarized with the students. Hence it
is requested to permit the students who are studying in our college in IT branch to visit
the IGCAR on the proposed dates noted below.

S.No Year / Sem No of Students No of Staff Proposed Dates

1 IV / VII 120 4 15.09.2009 – 30.09.2009
2 III / V 120 4 10.08.2009 – 17.08.2009
3 II / III 120 4 18.08.2009 – 26.08.2009

We shall be very grateful if you kindly permit them to visit your plant and oblique.

Thanking you.
Yours faithfully,

Principal
Contact Person:
K.Parimala Kanaga Devan
Assistant Profeesor / IT
Easwari Engineering College
Mobile: 9841726794.
E_Mail: [email protected]

8
Step 8: Click more items… link
Select the address fields and press Insert button-This will bring the
corresponding
fields in the main document.
Step 9: Next: Preview your letters link.

Step 11: Next: Complete the merge

Step 12: Edit individual letters… link

In the dialogue box that appears, select All and click OK to see the
merged letter.

9
Result: A Letter has been prepared using mail merge concept.

Ex.No 4

10
 Drawing flow chart

Aim: To draw a flow chart for a given problem using MS word

Procedure:
1. Choose Flowchart option in the Auto shapes menu of the Drawing Tool bar
2. Choose the appropriate flowchart symbol, then drag the symbol in the document.
3. Type the text in the symbol, by right click, then choose Add Text.
4. Using the Arrow button in the drawing tool bar draw lines connecting to the different
flowchart symbols.
5. Select all the flowchart symbols and lines in the document using the objects button,
then right choose grouping, then click on group.
6. Now all the Flowchart symbols are grouped into one.

Flow Chart to compute sum of ‘N’ Numbers

Start

Read N

No
If N>0
Yes

Sum=N*(N+1) / 2

Print Sum

Stop

Result:
Thus the flowchart has been drawn for computing sum of n numbers using MS word

11
 MS EXCEL CASE STUDY

MS Excel is spreadsheet software used to create and manage data and also for
analyzing the data for information. The usage of this software is similar to MS Word,
and is simple menu-driven software.

Excel spreadsheet consists of a grid of rows and columns. The intersection of a row
and a column is called a cell.
The rows are numbered 1, 2, 3 ….and so on, and columns are labelled alphabetically A,
B, C… and so on. Each spreadsheet contains 16384 rows and 256 columns that make
4,194,304 cells. Each cell can store a piece of text, number or formula in it.

Getting Stared with Excel:

Click Start  All Programs  Microsoft Excel to start.

12
 Parts of an Excel Spreadsheet :
Just like MS Word we have the Title bar, Menu Bar, Tool bar, Formatting Tool bar,
Scroll bar etc. In addition to these, there are Formula bar and Cells to store and work
with data.
EX.NO:5
Chart - Line, XY, Bar and Pie
DATE:

Question:
The ABC Company shows the sales of different products for 5 years.
Create BAR Graph, 3D, Pie and LINE.

Aim:
TO Create a BAR Graph,3D,Pie and Line Charts for Sales Report of given
Company

Procedure:

1. Enter the data in the worksheet as shown in Question.

2. Choose Chart option from the Insert menu, or choose the Chart Wizard
button from the standard tool bar.(Note:-It shows the Chart Wizard Step 1 of 4
Chart Type dialog box.).

13
 3. Choose appropriate Chart type from the Chart type list box then click next.
(Note:-It shows the Chart Wizard Step 2 of 4 Chart source data dialog box.).
4. Select data range and series Values from work sheet then click next. .(Note:-It
shows the Chart Wizard Step 3 of 4 Chart Option dialog box.).
5. Give Chart title, X- Axis, Y-Axis Titles etc, then click next. .(Note:-It shows the
Chart Wizard Step 4 of 4 Chart Location dialog box.).
6. Select the location in which you want to place the Chart, and then click Finish.

Now the Chart is displayed on your Workbook/Worksheet as shown below any.

BAR GRAPH:

AB C C OMPANY SALES

2009

2008

2007
Year

PR O D UC T4
2006 PR O D UC T3
PR O D UC T2
2005
PR O D UC T1
0 500 1000 1500 2000
N o .o f P r o d u c ts

3D GRAPH:

14
 ABC COMPANY SALES

100%

80%

60% PRODUCT4
sales %
40% PRODUCT3
PRODUCT2
20%
PRODUCT1
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
year

PIE CHART:

ABC COMPANY SALES 2005

PRODUCT4, PRODUCT1,
1000, 27% 1000, 27%
PRODUCT1
PRODUCT2
PRODUCT3
PRODUCT4
PRODUCT3, PRODUCT2,
900, 24% 800, 22%

LINE CHART:

15
Result:

Thus various Charts have been Created successfully.

16
Ex.No 6. Formula - formula editor

Date:
Aim:

To create a spread sheet to analyse the marks of the students of a

class

Procedure:

Let us create a spreadsheet of marks of the students of a class and also prepare charts
to analyse the marks. Consider a list of 10 students and their test marks. Tabulate the
marks and prepare a chart to show the average marks scored by the students in the
subjects.

Step 1: Launch MS Excel to create a blank presentation.

Formula bar
ar

Cells

Step 2: Click on the first cell and type the title of the table

Step 3: Now select any cell below the title and type the name of the subjects.

Step 4: Enter the marks secured by the students in the cells just below the respective
subjects. To edit the content of a cell, click on the cell and press the F2 key.

17
Step 5: You can adjust a cell to fit its content by selecting AutoFit. Click Format in the
menu bar Column  AutoFit Selection.

Step 6: To calculate the average, click and select an empty cell below the marks.
Select function from Insert menu.

18
Step 7: Select AVERAGE from the function.

Step 8: Confirm the ranges of data in the cell i.e. from cell B9:B18 and click OK.
The average will be displayed on the cell.

19
Step 9: To copy the average function for other subjects, simply hold the lower right
corner of the cells and drag it using left mouse button. Now the average marks for
other subjects will be displayed.

20
Result:

Thus Student’s Mark Sheet has been creared and analysed successfully.

21
Ex.No 7. Spread sheet - inclusion of object, Picture and
graphics, protecting the document and sheet.

Question:

1. Insert object in the Worksheet.

2. Insert a picture in the Worksheet.
3. Insert a comment in the Worksheet.
4. Insert an Organization chart of a College in the Worksheet.
5. Protect a sheet in MS-Excel.
6. Protect the Workbooks in MS-Excel.

Aim:

To Insert an Object in the WorkSheet,To Insert a Picture in the WorkSheet,To

Insert a comment in the WorkSheet,To Insert an Organization Chart of a
College in the Worksheet,To Protect a sheet in MS-Excel and ToProtect the
Workbooks in MS-Excel.

Procedure:

1.Insert object in the Worksheet.

a) Choose Object option in the Insert menu

b) Create new Object in which you want to insert or Select object from Listed set of
Objects already created.
c) Click OK.(Note:- It Shows selected object in your worksheet or workbook For
example Calender Control 8.0.)

22
2.Insert a picture.

a) Choose Picture option from the Insert Menu.

b) Then choose From File option.(Note:-Now the Insert Picture dialog box is
shown.)
c) Navigate and choose the picture to insert into the worksheet.
d) Then click on Insert button.(Note:-Now the selected picture is inserted into the
Worksheet.)

23
3.Inserting comments in the worksheet.

a) Select the Cell in which comment to be added.

b) Choose Comments option in the Insert Menu.(Note:-Now the Comment portion of
the
particular cell is edited.)
c) Then type the comments for the cell.
d) Click on the outside of the comment.(Note:-Whenever you place the cell pointer
in that
cell, the comment is automatically shown.)

4.Organization Chart.

a) Choose Organization Chart option in the Picture option of the Insert Menu.
(Now it opens the Microsoft Organization Chart.)
b) Type the text in the boxes provided and use appropriate options.

24
5.Protect a sheet in MS-Excel.

To Protcet the Sheet,

a) Click on the cell, which you want to protect.
b) Choose Tools->Protection, then choose Protect Sheet(Note:- It shows the
Protect Sheet dialog box asking the Password to protect sheet.)
c) Type the password click and OK. Then it asks for confirmation password box.
Type the same password again and then click OK.(Note:- Now the sheet is
under protection.)
d) If you click on any cell to type, then the following message box appears by
specifying the sheet under protection.

25
To remove protection ,
choose Tools->Protection->Unprotect Sheet, then type the password to unprotect.
( Note: - Now the sheet can be unprotected.)

6..Protecting the Workbook.

To protect the Sheet
a) Open the Workbook to protect.
b) Choose Tools->Protection, then choose Protect Workbook, it shows the Protect
Workbook dialog box asking the password to protect sheet.
c) Type the password and click OK. Then it asks for confirmation password box.
d) Type the same password again and then click OK.
(Note:-Now the sheet is under protection.)
e) If you click on any cell to type, then the following message box appears by
specifying the sheet under protection.
To remove protection
choose Tools->Protection->Unprotect Sheet, then type the password to unprotect.
(Note:- Now the sheet can be unprotected.)

Result:

Thus Various Insertion and Protection procedures have been

implemented successfully.

26
Ex.NO 8. Sorting and Import / Export features.

Question:

I. Enter the following data into the worksheet using the

Data->Form Command.

Sort the data by “Salary” within the department using “Sort” Command.
Calculate total salary of each department using Auto Filter.

Procedure:

1. Enter the Name, Department, Salary in different columns.

2. Click Data->Form option,it shows the form as shown below.

27
3. Click New button in the Form to add the rows to the list.
4. After adding the rows, place the cursor in the list in the worksheet.
5. Click Data-> Sort,it shows the Sort diaiog box,as shown below.

6. In the Sort by drop list Dept, click OK.

7. Again in Sort, click Salary from then By drop down list.
8. The rows are sorted now, depending on the DEPT and SALARY.
9. Click Data->Filter->Autofilter,it shows an arrow at each field.

28
10.On the Dept click the icon select CSE.(Note:- The list of rows
which belongs to CSE is displayed.)
11.Place the cursor in A15, find the sum using SUM formula.
In the same way find each departments total salary.

29
II.Import and Export Features:

Question:
Import the Data from Specified Table to given Worksheet.

Solution:
Steps:

1. Create a Table in which you want to import from outside Window .

2. Open the Worksheet and Select Import External Data from Data Option.
3. Select Import Data Option.
4. Select the Database file you want to import .
5. Specify the location you want to put the Table.
6. Click OK(Note:- Table will be shown in your Work Sheet as below.)

Result:-

30
Exp.No:9

Aim:-

To write a simple menu driven calculator program expressions using switch statement.

Flow Chart Start

Read option

Read n1, n2

is option yes
=1

no a  n1 + n2

yes is option
Print a
=2

no
s n1 – n2 Stop

is option yes

Print s =3

no p  n1 * n2

Stop
yes is option
=4 Print p

yes is n2 = no
0
Stop Stop
no
Print
“Division by q n1 / n2
zero-Error”

Print q
Stop

Stop

31
// Program:-
/* program to simulate a simple calculator */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

void main( )
{
int option, n1, n2, a, s, p, q ;
//clrscr ( ) ;
printf ("\n\t\t Menu") ;
printf ("\n Press 1 for Addition") ;
printf ("\n 2 for Subtraction") ;
printf ("\n 3 for Multiplication") ;
printf ("\n 4 for Division") ;
printf ( "\n\n Enter your option : \n") ;
scanf ("%d", &option) ;
printf ("\n Enter first value : \n") ;
scanf ("%d", &n1) ;
printf ("\n Enter second value : ") ;
scanf ("%d", &n2) ;

switch(option)
{
case 1 : a = n1 + n2; printf ("\n Addition n1+n2 = %d", a); break;

case 2 : s = n1 - n2; printf ("\n Subtraction n1-n2 = %d", s); break;

case 3 : {p = n1 * n2; printf("\n Multiplication n1*n2 = %d", p);} break;

case 4 : if(n2 == 0) { printf ("\n Division by zero, program terminated");

q = n1/n2; printf ("\n Division n1/n2 = %d" , q);} break;

default : printf ("\n Wrong operation selection, stop "); break;

}
getch( );

Result:-

32
Exp.No:10

Aim:-

To write a program for electricity bill preparation for the following datas:

The Electricity Board charges its domestic consumers as follows:

Consumption in units Rate charged per unit
0 – 200 Re.0.50
201 – 400 Rs.100 plus Re.0.65 per unit excess of 200
401 – 600 Rs.250 plus Re.0.80 per unit excess of 400
Above 600 Rs.425 plus Rs.1.25 per unit excess of 600
Print the amount to be paid by the consumer.

Pseudo code:-

1. Get a value of total units consumed for units

2. If units <=200 then
3. Set the value of amt to 0.5 * units
4. Else if units <=400 then
5. Set the amt to 100 + 0.65 * (units – 200)
6. Else if units <=600 then
7. Set the amt to 25 + 1.25 * (units – 600)
8. END IF
9. END IF
10. END IF
11. Return the value of amt

// Program:-

/* Program to calculate and print electricity bill */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
main()
{
unsigned int units;float amt;
clrscr();
printf (“\n Enter total units consumed : “);
scanf (“%d”,&units);
if (units <= 200) amt = 0.5*units;
else if(units <= 400)
amt = 100 + 0.65*(units - 200);
else if (units <= 600)
amt = 230 + 0.8*(units - 400);
else if (units <= 600)
amt = 25 + 1.25*(units – 600);
printf (“\n Amount to be paid Rs.%6.2f\n”,amt);
getch();
}

Result:-

33
Exp.No:11

Aim:-

To write a program to compute the following sine series

x3 x5 x7 xn
s =x − + − ......
3! 5! 7! n!

//Algorithm:-

Step 1: Initialize the variables

X0.52, numerator x,
denominator1.0 ,
sign 1.0 ,
sin 0

Step 2: initialize terms10

Step 3: for i in 1 to 10 then compute sin sin + numerator / denominator * sign
Numeratornumerator * x * x
Denominatordenominator * I * (i*2 +1) , sign=sign * 1
Step 4: Display sin

//Program:-

#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>

void main()
{
double x=0.52;
double numerator = x;
double denominator = 1.0;
double sign = 1.0;
double sin = 0;
int i;
// terms below define the number of terms you want
int terms = 10;
for (i = 1 ; i <= 10 ; i++ )
{
sin += numerator / denominator * sign;
numerator *= x * x;
denominator *= i*2 * (i*2+1);
sign *= -1;
}
printf("Result=%f",sin);

Result:-

34
Exp.No:12

Aim:-

To write a C program to solve the following cosine series:

x2 x4 x6
s=1- + − +... ∞
2! 4! 6!

//Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
main()
{
int i,n,x;
double t,s;
//clrscr();
printf("enter the value of k,n \n");
scanf("%d%d",&x,&n);
t=1;
s=1;
for(i=1;i<=n-1;i++)
{
t=(-1)*((pow(x,2)*t*i))/((2*i)*((2*i-1)*i));
s=s+t;
printf("s=%6.2f & t=%6.2f\n",s,t);
}
printf("\n sum of the cos series=%5.2f\n",s);
return(0);
}

Result:

35
Exp.No:13

Aim:-

To write a C program to multiply matrix A of order m x n with matrix B of order n x l.

// Program:-

/* Program for matrix multiplication *\

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
main( )
{
int a[10] [10], b[10] [10], c[10] [10], m, n, i, j, k, l;
clrscr( );
printf (“\n Enter order of matrix A : “);
scanf (“%d %d”,&m,&n);
/* Loop to read values of matrix A *\
printf (“ Enter matrix A \n”);
for (i = 0; i < m; i++);
for (j = 0; j<n; j++)
scanf (“%d”, &a[i] [j]);
printf (“\n Enter order of matrix B : “);
scanf (“%d %d”, &n,&l);
/*Loop to read values of matrix B */
printf (“ Enter matrix B \n”);
for (i= 0; i < n; i++)
for (j = 0; j< 1; j++)
scanf (“%d”, &b[i] [j]);
/* Loop to multiply two matrices */
for (i = 0; i< m; i++)
for (j = 0; j<1; j++)
{
c [i] [j] = 0;
for (k =0; k<n; k++)
c[i] [j] = c[i] [j] + a[i] [k]*b[k][j];
}
/* Loop to print the resultant matrix */
printf (“\n Resultant matrix C is \n”);
for (i =0; i<m; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j<1; j++)
printf (“%6d”, c[i] [j] );
printf (“\n”);
}
getch( );
}

Result:

36
Exp.No:14

Aim:-

To write a C program to concatenate two strings without using library functions.

//Program:-

/* Program to concatenate two strings */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
main( )
{
char st1[10],st2[10],st[20];
int i, j;
clrscr( );
printf (“\n Enter first string : ”);
scanf (“%s”, st1);
printf (“\n Enter second string : “);
scanf (“%s”, st2);
/* Loop to copythe first string to resultant string */
i = 0; j = 0;
while (st1[i] != ‘\ 0’)
{
st [j] =st1 [i];
i++;
j++;
}
/* Add a white space before joining the second string */
st[j] = ‘ ‘;
j++;
/* Loop to join the second string */
i = 0;
while(st2 [i] != ‘\ 0’)
{
st [j] = st2 [i];
i++;
j++;
}
st [j] = ‘\ 0’;
printf (“\n Resultant string is %s “, st);
getch( );
}

Result:

37
Exp.No:15

Aim:-

To Write a C program to read a string, and find its length, and also copy it to another
string variable without using library functions.

// Program:-

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
main( )
{ char st1[10], st2[10];
int l, i, j;
clrscr( );
printf (“\n Enter the string : “);
scanf (“%s”, st1);
/* Loop to find length of string */
l = 0;
i = 0;
while (st1[i] != ‘\ 0’)
{
l ++;
i++;
}
printf (“\n Length of string : %d”, l);
/* Loop to copy the string */
i = 0;
j = 0;
while (st1 [i] != ‘\ 0’;
{
st2 [j] = st1 [i];
i ++;
j ++;
}
st2 [j] = ‘ \ 0’;
printf (“\n The copied string : %s “, st2);
getch( );
}

Result:

38
Exp.No:16

Aim:-

To write a program to arrange names in alphabetical order.

// Program:-

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <string.h>
main()
{
char names[50] [20], temp[20];
int n,i,j;
printf(“\n How many names ? “);
scanf(“%d”, &n);
printf (“\n Enter the %d names one by one \n”);
for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
scanf (“%s”,names [i]);

/* Loop to arrange names in alphabetical order */

for (i = 0; i < n-1; i ++)
for ( j = i +1; j < n; j++)
if (strcpy(names [ i ], names [ j ]) > 0
{
strcpy ( tmp, names [ i ] ) ;
strcpy ( names [ i ], names [ j ] ) ;
strcpy (names [ j ], tmp) ;
}
/* Loop to print the alphabetical list of names */
printf (“\n Names in alphabetical order “);
for ( i = 0; i < n; i++)
printf( (“\n %s”, names [ i ] );
getch( );
}

Result:

39
Exp.No:17

Aim: -

To write a C program to find the arithmetic mean of n values using function

Program

// Program:-

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <math.h>
main( )
{ float x[10], xbar;
int n, i;
float amean(float x[], int, n);
float variance(float x[], int n, float xb);
printf(“\n How many values? : “);
scanf(“%d”, &n);
/* Loop to read all values */
printf(“\n Enter all values \n”);
for (i = 0; I < n; i ++)
scanf(“%f”, &x[i] );
/* Call function to print arithmetic mean */
xbar = amean(x, n);
printf(“\n Arithmetic mean = %6.3f ”, xbar);
printf(“\n Variance = %6.3f “ , variance(x, n, xbar);
printf(“\n Standard deviation = %6.3f “ , sqrt(variance (x, n, xbar) ) );
getch( );
}

/* Function to find arithmetic mean */

float amean ( float x[], int n);
{ int i;
float s = 0;
for( i = 0; i< n; i ++
s += x[i];
return (s/n);
}

/* Function to find variance */

float variance(float x[], int n, float xbar);
{ int i;
float vs = 0;
for(i = 0; i < n; i ++)
vs += (x[i] – xbar) *(x[i]-xbar);
return(vs/n);
}

40
Result:
Exp.No:18

Aim:-

To print the mark sheet of n students using structures

// Program:-

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
main( )
{
/* declaring a structure and an array */
struct student; { int rno; char sname[20] ; int tot ; } std[50] ;

int i n, flag, temp; char ch = ‘Y’ ;

printf (“\n How many students ? “) ;
scanf ( “%d”, &n) ;
/* loop to read details of n students */
for(i = 0; i < n; i ++) ;
{
printf (“\n Roll number? “) ;
scanf (“%d”, &std [i] . rno) ;
printf (“ Name ? “) ;
scanf (“%s”, &std [i] . sname) ;
printf (“ Total marks? “) ;
scanf (“%d”, &std [i] . tot);
}
/*display marks of a student */
while (ch = = ‘y’ || ch = = ‘Y’)
{
printf (“ Enter student roll number to display marks : “) ;
scanf (“%d”, &temp) ;
flag = 0 ;
/* loop to search and display marks */
for (i = 0; i < n && flag = = 0; i++)
if (std [i] . rno = = temp)
{
printf (“\n Marks obtained by %d %s “,
std [i] . rno, std [i] . sname) ;
printf (“\n Total : %d”, std [i] . tot) ;
flag = 1 ;
}

if (flag == 0)
printf (“\n %d is not present in the list”, temp) ;
printf (“\n press y - to continue”) ;
printf (“\n any other key to stop.”) ;
ch = getch( ) ;

}
}

Result:

41
Exp.No:19

Aim:-

To print the Employee Details using Union

// Program:-

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

union Employee
{

int Empid;
char Name[20];
float Salary;
};

void main()
{
union Employee e1,e2,e3;

e1.Empid=1234;
strcpy(e2.Name,"Mr.M.Vivekanandan");
e3.Salary=12000.50;

printf("\n***************************************************************************\n");
printf("\nThe Employee Details are.......\n");
printf("\n***************************************************************************\n");
printf("\nEmpid=%d\nEmp Name=%s\nSalary=%f\n",e1.Empid,e2.Name,e3.Salary);

printf("\nsizeof Empid=%d\nsize\of Name=%d\nsizeof Salary=

%d\n",sizeof(e1.Empid),sizeof(e2.Name ),sizeof(e3.Salary ));
}

Result:-

42