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91 views39 pages

Digital Question PDF

Uploaded by

Ravindra Nishad
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© © All Rights Reserved
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e Darn Th T) Comptenienrs ~ . 1) F's complement of Cero)s, "is Da signed magnitude. repre sentation 5 dhe binavy ejuivalent of ~22.5¢25 is (afie bit Leftre cooma vepresenis te sign) : W oy toug s61t b) 4 40440-4000 D4) 16410 + 1064 3 The number is expressed jn binary duo's complement qs 101d. at's. decimal eylvalent Value -1S--- ~~~ 4) The number of 4 in O- bil repre- senlatfon af -127 In 2°s complement and dfat in t's comb- is n. Mthad fs dhe a? fins: 284 Sorm fs mn lement dorm, ad 7 vaiue range that 6 tit 4's of sighed decinal nami-~ can be represented by ms complement number is... 6) X=G11lG Gnd Y =ho0d axe bit binary numbers cepresented tn 25 complement tormat. The sui of x Gnd ¥ represented tn 2's compl~ ement formal - using « oflg is--- two S~ UG6Gd, loud Qua ised coviesbord do 2s coniplement represeniaifon the nding sels Qv€ «= -->-~ ‘ Cai a) pr fiitios SW eTdbotG hail ft 2 Stynpleie diene wohey In a 9) = 11411610 amd B= O0001016 bo avé im 2's complement dhens Ax@= ---- Mas complements 40) Assuming all numbers: in 2's complement representation athich Of dhe following fs digalble by ttitodd. Gj) ti6Gidd ce) dao dort? b) 4100400 d) Hoplodd 44) Fie 1's complement of -¢ fs. ol > 2’s complement dic ? e ? 42) -N N 43) i = topii 2's complement then N= 1a) (M0dt}e > 1's complegnent ) CEetHa > FS SC24) 4G 7 1S'S , 16'S Ubute)s > 2°s complement Gites id )e —y 2's comblemer (5690) > 10'S» (5eT5) 1G > AO7S OF es Bi wb ¢ De d) & 4) a fi) 15) The substraction of @ binary nami Y fiom another binary Xs done by j adding the 2s complement of ¥ idx vesilis ih a binary ne wilh overflow This finpliee ihar athe result fs- - a) Negative and is in novmeFform b) negalive and js in 2's complemen C2BTD) 16 > form ©) positive ana is Im nerd dovniy AL fasitive vind is fn 2's compte wiewl dein. a 1) 2s &Mpblemenl Iepresentation of a 16-bit Number Ge Sign bit and Is magnitude bits) ff “FEFE’. dis majn- Haden decimal vepresentation fs ~--- 22) A logic ck fmblements the boolean function r= Xy #x92- dt ig found that dhe combination x= Y= 4 can never ocur. Taking This into accounta simplititd expression for‘Fis given by ----- ~~ 47) A signed integer fias been stored in [*Sait)Take #10 € 411-4 a8 donot cave «a byte ising dhe 2'5 complement Sorme@t o He wish to store the same integer in a i6~ bit word, we should-—- ‘a Coby ufe original byte vo die less signé#'cant byte of dhe word and Fill dfie move significant byte with zeroes b) Copystie original byte do dhe more signiticant byte of ihe word and sil) dhe less signtticand by ics with reves. ‘9 Cobite the origina] byte 40 dhe less sig~ nificant hye of dhe word and make each bli of He anure significant Gyle equaldo He mast ciguificant BFF. ar the oviginal tyle ) Copy the original Lyi da Hye fess ciguill Can, bytes well as Hie mare significant = {byte of the word. 1 4@) Ain gjuivalent 2's Cornplerient vepresen migpion of 2s toniplemenit noe 1404 ise QNGIOO booted TNO ant iied 49) The 1s complement ve prcsendation ed 2) Twt bit Vs compleinemt numbers 10 it and 0110 ave added whe vesuit expres ed g4-bit Ps coniploment velaliny fs aa) > Lit 2's coment vefarsentadinn a§ a deetmar iw Aweggels ~~-~ a)te ba’ co ado ae 28) The result oF (#5)40~(45) 4g expressed in 6-bit 9's complement representation Ig --~-- apr n0-‘N? stored In a 4-bih 2S complement representation as ~ (a[efofoc} = tt is copied “into a G-bit vesister and afler a Feu operations » dhe final bit joe fs is] s| oel we] The value of this bit paHern in 2's comb- lement vepresentalitm is given In terms GE. Grigingl number WN? as ~ a azas rend b) g2qs-2n-4. q)vnrd “G) Ohm d 3 Twwe camplonent no's having stqn Lit x Gai ¥oave added aiid Whe sign bit of dhe 4 esuit a Then) Whe dccui ence af overflow is indicated by the” konica function aj x¥z bi ay xu tye t zx okie tk stanaig evertivw the it bit Ya) pOT tart vdditinn and signed Linavy nos Gan be VeAliyed astiig ane Ke bit futl adder and subs traction. a4 Gy a djs nitty ses by wed bk ~ ty ae ie on ne) i fin 3 Ok LOH Q5-685) 10 = ge T)'(Q5 +625)to = C28 fii) (Si = C28 WY) (44 -625)o = Diet WY) Bigs Da WY (oto-ot)s = (2 io wit (64-49 =) (64g = Cio 1X1 @ Gad) n= 10 ®CAw = Wo, © Coad = Who @ GarE)y= Co © (FACE) = Oho ® Ge, = Oro ay (Alo-2)5 = O10 XU)(546)g = Oe p QONolo-No= (2) (kw) (CAD), = Oe. Kv) lollo-De= Ci (XW (CAFE)g = U8 (ew) B1-5)e = Ce 2. Comblake operations: DAs Hex U8 © G53)g - (264) 8 = Cg © (543+ see Ws ® (CAD)9g + (DAD C= (re @ We X CUYe= 2 ® Qq# Ute 4. (3 5)x + UAH) x = (323) @D [6a Bodig = Ve U 93x =G6Yy Wo (aay = Wy (kK) ae = &)y (A) (e2Dy =Cy (NM) WI2%)5 —f\2. oe = . x x Bian Ans. (9 10) . 1 © utiat ave fie essential prime dmplecants of die Fallocaing “bee - u x| . i lean funelvons ? C wo! |ila} fl@bec) = Gorat abe. | - . aceat, : Ans; XE 42K 6 a ue . a FOU) © E045 ys V 2618) @ es | ot epavalent do f~* he nox) | > TUS Gye Ug . , va O XYZ +NxXY 4 WYz tx " Af. POY sz) Blew KO TD BPWIZ + WKY + XZ a + 6 NYT + WHY foxyz + XYZ flvi2) = estas) RZ WKY + WY #205942) = Sm (8,4) and . f00y) = Sm Uns) SMES check by dling R- Map fs fs - eack case for find ininiern 4 Metis v | of each. bs 7) (arty 33) | Mane af Taree | {3 = Sm (ts 678) f= Smt 654545) dien ¢t¢ ds NoT ’ a) Elts6} bh £458) OE (64) \ d) © £41696) dhe function of #CA,B»C.D)= Bm (6g, dietgsis) ds inde pen- deni oi va Anst _ @ ae 1 DCE + ace + ecbe TmM(G18) 4516) | For F=0 ® toto, toto © ool oll © ooio,1\01 @ ools, toll { i ie @® Wher gokes Cre wade db of TTL. 3 Fe Pee ® who got c& Cae made up a if | * of Ect. An, iF then | % —])\—) Co,6.,C2,Ca=9'@ XOYOKY = 1 6 | a ‘ &) 9f ABR=c : 4 A@c=B--.. a ME eoC = — 5 i (A@B)OL = --- , - 1, Ci) BOBS BORE. __..- Nkam 8 oo Pre-N) even, <> elb=o R DS N odd ofp=R” kPa Fes 16D: ye x) 5 - eo Lhe @ Y-peh@AeAeA@Ae, — Na oddeolp= GAGA @ N= even =p e|p=9 = . 23a ® tohich of the follow! tenet Goal aban widen eA Lye? @ AND QOoROroR 4,97 @ nene * Tyz imioi —~ GT mblement XYZ Mmimuer IB The cK Shows tn Hause, Te imp of ye i/p NAND gate Ue , given t[S ro/p-Y ty oo by QS, Te implerunt ABToD, inimur oF two & 4 NAN? gate veqined. iP “lps cu A> LG No. of woR gate 2 NAN gale a Peotirg Y= ABH Hint:- Y=ABtC =A+E) (Br) AND-0R inverter ct then tor u | == @) wher gokes Cre wode Up- * | of TTL. = = 38 ® Whos gota ae ade up " i | of ECL: fy (0 then | . “by |} Co,0,,02,0329,@ X@YOKY = 1 7 Cy + ' 3 } ©) gf PeB=c om 4H A@c=B_-.- ~ , " Oy eec= UD (ABB)@L = -- - ~p ." aan @) BOLO BEBE... Nam a ae Rre-oeven-@ S{p=o — m0 dal i 8. B ty! Fey 1@- ~ pe By oi avon. i Neoddsofp=s 2 es ‘ N= even =p e]p =I p®2 , (sa ’ a) Luhich of the Following WX 7 f=) canbe used OS am inverts! B pe ® AND ®oR ©txor 4,7” none — : B. : GGT implement X1Z Mmimur Q The ckt Shown tn Hguse, Te tine of swe i/p NAND AND=OR inverter eke then ate yeguired. Tor given i[b3 ro/b Yrs *@S To implement ABtop, an! Minimum ne. of two ep : | NAME gabe TORE cL | no. of WoR gate & NAND gale Do ‘ @ Y= ABtc a ae "3 Hint:- Y=ABtC =Gr®) (Btc} qf F on ae 9, Bay C4 ob ‘p> oft enn tt Fox’ F=0 @® tolo, toto. Qolol /olo| © ooio, 1101 @D cold, toll S N= Ea(QBT+ ABT+ ABC + ABC)@A @® y=\arAs) (Ara) | + lcon+ (COD) | the funchon WN Qed Z| ane Os PREPTE, ; St Pg- TPOR +R, TD 3 ul Nx Zl \ luhich of the fol ede Jorbetedk, To Lb cD Le Samd4 im the network, sr ype! HY} Shown fo the Figuns is PD . re yoduotamts i a fy - - ~~ i RT Sng:- Tue ox yore of the inbat D&A Aan at The euctpack Ya & 2c Con msia 6 "eokou “de er un hoger “a 2 (rir 4°) @® th oe KY * ® dh UP Y-x © Mm AP xxI ® » ” N+) 6 Ie aden te ad Wu + iol wre how - 2: Y= P@S@OR z BR Pp = @ e 2 EZ ROx PR+ OP WA RB Fre 2 * ee addin f 4 Cauaudoe ds 8 bik wwhue th 4 ha Pa he hgAohihe cud, Br Babe Bib. soe uP cud dhe Wapearen Ais Aye. h By Mt tat add qautug PAB TR doe Le d,\ 2,3. Te arenas - Ny haBa + Kaha Bet XgXohr Bit Xgerdod es avalunts 26 ceouned 2° bik tuveebsess The TA aw — poche Fel ay x>¥ and @re-® BAtB Orv @® Womm @kthsuatae “The winumuoss g Arba AcBe ALB Ay Bo few ae pueducts aApUaslon \\ \ for Foy oo nae he Ae & KOT XOX So ay aud, FA ate mpiamenctill Ae agi pth fave cthe e adelctiow di 14-bit Woda Pasay wow gatio) , the aera we YOUN aud FA ougettiead) eu ht @i ‘ @) Bou Soir (& leie omat Lemke Quation 6) a©@ “Tuo product Gre gold tom a Vending Machine, which hos jwo bush button Pama Pe- -on & button (8 byewed, th price-of tre aoe product 78 display in a+- Segment display. ® 9F mo buttons axe prewed, 'o 18 dy aiphayed Lo @® Bt onty py is proaged, 218 disbloued. wos ©. oF a Pa 18 proved; SM _ displayed ® AF beth bukton 1B E 18 disblayed. a 2 F\ g |b Teo e c : oi cS ‘ane ( . 9% Sogments Gute BON tm -Sidtatad as dunerora oF Pama Pe them which oh} the folloving 13 Correct? G q=Prte d= cre ® 4 =P +o , ad = Cre © g-P+ Pe, @= bre @ GF= Pre, C=bre To) who dure’ the min™ snumnby| of NoT gates Gnd Q-ifp OR Yoguived” fo Gasign the Logie of the deiver fothig 4- Seg sot disbloy. ”! om e premed, on) a —memnied ond Wn Comblememted | propagation, of additon ber Secord Who toe 4-bit full addows ave c03,Cadad- “The CKE — —— y* Chick pr a pes be pros Eo Poob>-— @® 4b XK and Yrawe two m=bits mun + OF these ra mmbers Ane Acido Te-bit rig WOK Ahead adder Whit, Use K- Lagic- Levels Sf the O2 gle daha OF “omy slow Ahead Adder iS ih) Them, whak will be te maximum ciolay of Corry ioe Odwosl Oddor Giseuit t ‘ @art O kd Onkd Grneck. @ A Kbit Comu Laok-hecd ddoe whin Adds two. F-bit nwmbons , 18 dengred URNA AND, oR, Not, NéNs, NoR Jokes onby. “Axuaing that ali v £ ane QNoilable tn both Corrple Fores Gnd the delay of cach gate inure Hme unit. wi nat $3 Hye ovenslt OF the adda’ Pewee thok the Camy Nokes has bem. trmblemennk eal using tos devel AND-oR Logic. 4 ad @ 4 tires Umit (6) 6 tires Waite ® 10 ¥ " (a) Wo brews, DP 4-bit Ful. ddd. tors 20n% +o gonaRoke Cary ov bit amd Sore fox the gum out. pahok ih He ras Yad &. (Bt HA OMA FA ane implemented rine rthen toy the addihen of © swo 19 bit mumibers Luding minimer gokes | the number of HA amd © f. youu rods twill @ Bier ai 20: ib GRE MEMORY | 1) Four memory chip of ext spare fave dheir address buses connected dogether . This s/m will be sixe a) b+ xt b) 16x86 c) 32x8 d) @6x4 2A Rort 1s do be weed do tmplement a "splarer” which ofPs The sqarer of a ‘¢-bit number ushat must be dhe sixe of dhe RorT Sol” 2+x8 3) A Ror ts ised do store dhe table for rmaltiplication of two @- bit un- signed integers . The size of dfie Rom required is Sol? 64k X16 4) For a particular tybe of memory 5 the acess time and dhe cycle Hme wespectively 2008 and eons. The max rate af which dhe data can be acc- essed fs---- 5) A single Rom is used do design a combinational cht described by @ truth fable. Ltfat is, dhe number of Qddress line in the Ror? Sol” No: of imputs of comb” cht. 6) df cs = Ais Al4 nig is used as dhe chib - select logic of @ ‘+h Rar is an 605 S/m Uhen its memory, vange will be ---.. d #) An 8085 microprocessor based 3/m uses Q #KX Obit RAT whose starting address is AROO The addres of dhe last byte in this part is 8) What memory addvess range is Nor represented by chib # 1 amd chib #2 in the Figure Ao do Ais in this Figure ane dhe address lines and cs mean chip select. 256 byle CHIP # 256 byte CHIH 2 Aw ——— Als ——__> not used 9) How Many address i/p » data out- puts ave requirements is OR -- jo) Static Ratt is prefered over dynamic RATT when dhe repuire~ ment is of ----~- Q) Slow speed .of operation b) Larger storage capacity c) Lower access time. d) Lower power consumption , 1) A graphics card ‘has on board | 45) dn dhe cht shown in fig. A is a memory of 108. HRich of dhe Parallel -ou 4- bit register, which following ‘modes can dhe card leads at dhe rising edge of dhe clock Tot support ? C+ The input lines are connected do a 9) toox 400 » 256 colours 5 17" moniter | 4- bit bus WwW. Sts ofp acts as dhe d/P b) 600% 400» 16 million» 5 14° » do a 46x4 Rom whose ojp fs floating " <) Goox too» 16 » 9 Fh» when dhe enable i/p E is‘0« A bati- d) 00x G00» 256 Colours, f#" » able table of dhe contents of ue kom r . is as foll 12) The increasing order of spced af Tee data access for the Following A “ Iddy- device is --~ eee O72 {4 16 | 6} tol ail 4 a) cache memory —-b) CD Rom Data Jott] 11t1]o100] 0 40 | to11{ 1000 [00% fo0a © Dynamic Rort d) Processor Regist- eved me €) magnetic tape i 4) 0% c pas ILE LS fos) Z(b) LO L@ L@) A i, de 43) Xs Xa Xt Xo | Ror a | BCD do Decimal decoder C> Clock » W Data bus » A> PTPC De Dyan- 7-7 0 De > data at time dt is o7to on Ys . Ya 46) Rn To Peribheral device shown in fig (b) yt below is to interfaced do an 095 mic- rF ret Yo robrocessor » To select dhe to device in a the TI0 Address range D+H~ OF H. @t c “yD Chip select C&S) sfiould be connected Jo th wy OB _ | olp of the decoder’ sRown in Agi@)below - ; data fe] mo ToRD a g) ® THR alas Au Ro ws msB. LsB ~ 13) 6255 “RR Ae — As cs Re ri— as] Ae—| Range aoen 10) as—ta ‘ Rg —7 8 p— U5 Re —7¢ To Device Aa chip Select an de As a Aig Ais we D8 0} “TT Vee GND Range a 16 Kb (= 16,384 bit) memory Array 18 dysigned G8 A square with Qu Asbect yahoo of one (number of ToWS 13 equal tothe number of “Coluumns). The Minimum number of addaess Lines neecled te tor the Tow dotodm B. -_. ro @ Fo q Ik FE its T input is Hed do its own Q output and dts k- input fs connected do its own @ O/P. dF the FF is fed with a clock of Preyuency UMHe » its @ output Frepiency will be 0:5 MHz G consider the given cht. Fn this cht the race around — a a cik Lo B a @ Does not occur b) Occur when clk =o © occur when cik=1 and A=B=1 D coeur when clk= 1 and As 8=0 @ The Frequency ef the signal available at @ is ---- Ans..= 5k LT 0 == tok © patter fow many clock pulses will the content of the shift register become f0t0 again CLK ifo[ifo Ans. 3# eg @ The digital ckt foun in si work xD 8 rmP Le FLIP - FLOP é . 4 Ans > T-FE ant 1 i t x Qa: Ans: , 1—_{}1+-4 ORs Frewengy of clk is 4 KHz. dni State =o = 95K Freyieny of o/p “a? = OK ee ; Ma master slave FF fas te Characteristic that. A) change the olp immediatel y ref le- cted in the 0/P 8) Change in the o/p occurs when the state of master js affected, ©) change in the o/p occurs uhen the Stale of tRe slave is affected. ©) Both Re master States are time and dhe slave affected at te same present o/P On of an edge higgered Tk FE is logic 'O. af T=1, te Pins: > Will be logic “1, Qnti --- @ For the circuit sown in the figures 0 fas a tansitfon from ‘or do ‘¥? after clock changes from ‘1' do ‘O" . Assume gate delays to be negligible. ond a p> ak | iro a ax 4, Oo L—cik i D ot @ goes do ‘or at the cly trans- ition and stays at “0. r _ * X=0, Y=13 X20 5 Y= 0: 8 xeisy=ly Ge x y a SM? p=i, Q=Ds5 P=lrQ=i; P=05 Qs i or P= 15850; 4 uv 6 ° Pe PR (P19 P2) = (ord) — GD Find (81, @2) both cases. The following arrangement of master - slave FR fas the fnitial state P»Q@ as Ort 4 After the Clock cycles the output state P»@ is (respectively) - Ans: > p=1, @=0 © consider she following cht with initial state go=@1<0+ Fhe D FF are positive edge triggered and fave setup time zons and fold Hime ‘o’. Te clock period of c= #078 which one Is the correct plot of -Y-- cs__| » LLL onl a tnitial slate Gos 1+ 81= G2 <0 « Finds the value sewence of 4024+ 901460 2 tk 8a gi Ed pe @ gn am sr latch made by @ coupling qwo NAND Gates, 9F sand & inputs are set dv it will result in ~~ - Pns. @= Ql=d Let Ag represent the logic level on the Wine A in dhe uk Period CLK Yeu are given @ dree tanning cleck with a duty Cycle OF 50% and a digital waveform ¢ ushich changes only at the -ve edge of tfc clock» Hfich one of fhe Following cht Casing clocked DFr) will delay ~te Phase of P by wor ? . woe tT f D aft a z jo ond tas) Onti=z D= Ax+ TAX Sod”: ; chk Data Pe Data sequence J00110000 gnitial condition 244 Go = 000 Find G24 after nine clk pulse. fins; 01.0 QD ABC Hh ABE © 0 0 to on 1 10 tad tad Qaee , gabe suis oss on a bout tat P a R @ No of states Anst ® 6) Next state after_o10 Bos: ott conte ®@ How many pulses are needed do change the contents of @ O- bit wup-cowmer from 10701100 do cot 00 117 Cright. most bit is ¢sB) Ans: 172 to 255 » Y55 deo So 3 ye Ip eqre D TP D8 ca 8 4 C1 clk For zet at the end of the Wind cycle © Four 0- type FF ave connected in suck q manner dRa}y ute outbut @2 of one is connected do the D i/p of the initfal D- FF is given by 06 = 03 04+- All FF ave clocked synchronously “Rich of the following statements is/ane true ? 9 Di ahead of & by one clock bulse. i) Fre cht oulpuis dhe sequence ~ toootootto oti along all ovs Hts! noth ane correct @ take as input . @ 6p Ot Qe ga cux L 0 ooo! ood 1 0040 Ooi @ ea ci0o 1000 ond ooo; 0100 oolt Ans: © +@ @- Ge Ens: T- FF A oonew FF fs faving befaviour as desribed below d+ fas two m- buts x and ¥ when both i/h's: are same amd they are tod dhe FF is going do Set else FF reset « If both tps ave different and ate v1 FF @ complements itself otherwise fH fs going to retain last state. Find the new characterist'c equation xatys fe: ® @) GaGa ac =210 + After flow many clocks jt gets hack same value » 110 Ans: 2 a iio oor 5) Aftes two clock pulse fins: @cRa Ga = ‘teo ® « in yee) repre onstder a DFF in yt) represent tRe i/p of the FR amd yci+y) repre- sent dhe next state of dhe FF “and there fs a fransivfon TG), Yad) = Yaitt) consider dhe following Semence (010) =o > Cort) =A 5 (tr 0J=B, Got) = ty then what Is the value of A and B respectively. fins: ts (TO 5 9@) = yee) Wi) =t 0 =o (noe 9 GoroEt @) am figure 5 assume that @=i> with clock pulses being given, the | Subseguent states of @ will be - ft ol T a a crock Pulse @ 15054905 4150.---- ) 0502490109 190,0919--- ) 4,0 r1510 9b 1105 ---* DM ortsorts014701410--- ® s @ i? CU Ia a STUTUL cu Q) The expression for the Next state Qt ts--~ Ans: xO®Q ® Let dhe clk pulses ave numbered 15253 after te pont ak which the FF A . a o Is yeset (@o=0) « Fre circuft fs @---- 0 7 se 1) Even pavity generetorchetkur t lo on if) odd» Senator tft a ii!) Both a) 4 di) a ¢ . Wmone of above comb” T of? 8 cKT kK @pf-. © 5 Ans; T= > Re AOB + x Y¥ | nti | ‘ o 0 i Find Qt = ----. a4 eal Ans: RB tBA 1 of en 7 to oO oy eH : FindsT=2 5 k=? a Som 2K, # KEY . ry a Zz @)_March_ dhe following - y List I ust 0 Relatfon with TK FF _|A) “SRI Register te Frequency division Ans) TS Y 5 K=X 8) Counter 2+ Addressing Memo- yy CHIP @ ©) Decoder 3. Serial do parallel data convertor Ans: 005 10's 015 00) ---- find the Ceaqnonce 908, @) the Q-oupub of FE fs 1, He output does not change when a clock pulse fs applied: Re t/b T4 K will be resp~ ectively (2 - don't Care state) Ans: X50 @) The two NAND LATCH ctreuit gates bofore the in figure one uses- —p>- 8 @ CLK = G R Ams: Invert the hatching active. cuk__| Find sewence of QoQ! Ans: 00, 10) 01» 00%---- > ® : To @o Tr Qa = ey A ko GPR! 7 Find sequence of Qi Go Bom. OOo 11 4. 01» 10 9 009--~-- a) Find vetationship bw y amd x1 amd xq fins! XIOXe ») Mita 610283 = 000 - find 81 Qe G3 after one clock pulse ans’ O10 ©) tmitfal condition @=0 then Find the Sequence of olP @ + at K_8y4 ww x4 Xjsts &xXg=d5 the oP a=? oe ——- clk Hhen the oP Y in the cht below is ‘py , it implies that data Bas a) change from © do t SD change Srom 4 do 0 ©) change in cither direction a) not changed Ans: © @ Fie seyence appears at dhe olp @* starting with its initial condiHon state ~ ~~~ © 6 vit stpo shift register: Clock frequency 1 MHz» Fhe Hme required uo shift an O- bit binay number info the chip Ts ~--— fins: fis) QE defo dedod,----- | ba LLaTeu| The ae) - 1 : ‘ ‘ es xP PO _ JL © me + seaent ourbut Qn Find the diogvam oy NAND of am, ectge tri esed TK FF Gnd NOR, Grote Latches. 18 Vagic 'o’. SF T=, there 2. Qnri= 2 p 3F x=0,Y=1; ® : X=0, Y=O; . X=1, Ya; XPDTIS & Me ckt wilt . q WOsk GZ---+ & Find PQ , LP q 3.2, a 8 @ A new FF i8 having below Q 1 Sour ax dascsibed below. It ho& two tmbuts x amd ¥. When a botn t|p’s are Same amd Pe & Qe they owe 11, the FF IS _ oi to sek else FF veset. Fi Pe) = (ot) C20) a? ona ips ane diftoromk and Find @,Qe) both Cases. awe 0,1, EF Comblements ‘tse, ®. ; Q. -2£ otheswise it ig going to yetoin. lost stote- Fistd the me) | NeW Chorracteristic eguation- X=, ¥e=l » then o|pa=1 ©. In am SR Latch wmode by O. Coupling two NAND gates » : . ns eee a ® The exprusion fox the © The @-outpur of FF 184’, next stote Qnti 1S--- - ~ the output dow not chamge © Lek the clk pubes ave twhon a clock pulse (3 Numbered 12, 3 QHeY the Obblied «Te ip TRK Will | point at Which the FF be vesbechvely. 18 veset (Qo= 0). The ciruit Bae__. vy aud x =] @ Even pasity checker (3) me Frequamay of the Sigad. ® odd oby . or © ott ae awaillable ot Q' 18 ---. @®© none of above. Da reo low q rind fey. oF O[P ‘g' = -- @ Bnitiok condition @=o, then, find the Sequunce of olp 'g'- --+ A z D ° a i a Shen Uy iy @. Fox a TK EF its Tinb —uks 8 teld to its own © output amd its k-input *3 Connected to tts own @) \,0,1,0,40,--- 7" @ olb. 9F the FF iB Fed (6) 0,0, 1,00, 1,01 1, aa With Chock, of frequamty ©] Wl, OW Ord Or ~~ AMHE, TkS Q oukput Frey © 0)\, 0) \, 071,07 \r === —uamey will be ---- m ; ‘ The Followi mont of Mastes- Stove FF hag the ‘ortial state P,@ as 0,4. @ Aes the! Glock Cy clos Hag Oukbuk stoke Pig, 3) 5 Find Sequnce of QQo- Find Qo,Q:. Initial gtate’oo © Ok @ Find asationship blw 4, Ry amdke - ®) Ymitia. G2Qa= 000 Find @.Q2Q3 aktes one clock pulse. - ® Nexk srake after olo. Z Seal Dyp & Q =P—}Po A 8 Qo an For Z=1 Qk the end 2 tk CLK, Data ® 8A Qa Gc = No. Aber how as Dora sequemc«@ 100110000. moamy clocks ik gobs back Qnkially G2.G,Qo= 000- Eind Sarme value - QQ. Qo asters nine Clock ® Afiex two clock pulse. pulse - 6) SF the input Signal 18 lolle! Find Final Volus Stored. é—TiheH X-oR. ® ox Go Qe Find the Sequence oF QoQi--- 3) After how mamy clock pulses é wit the content? oF re onipr © 9.00 ®@ oot! @ Ilo 0010" 0001 a Yogist er become lolo Again. 0100 1000 DI 00 ool) x 000) Oo. yoy ie Whidh Gite the above Sequonay ( - 4 Bes Cowect- @ ox G3 Four D-tybe FF awe Connect Fm Such GQ manner that the —y| ° olp at of one 18 connected - 4othe Dt[p of the next FF The input of the imitial D-FF Find no- of clock bulse iB given by Diz Q3OQ, - pu cys ; : ALL FF awe clockad Symenrono - «Which of the follow! > Qnitah Stote Qi=Q2=0, Qi Prmenis ‘a Jore Hue} “et Qp=1 . Find the value diy pi 8 arsod of Gi by Sequence ct 482+20,+9 one Chocks pula + @Re cicwit outputs the : Poo Sequoncy Joooloowlololit ¢ along ol! ays. GP considr Q@DOFF in YCi) repre “Sent the ilp of the EF and GUt\) vebresent the meet Stake of the FF Amd there 8 dromiton Ili, Yyii= ir), Consider the following sequen —C2 Coole, (OA A, (VORB GUY=el, then whak ig the Value of Aamd B sespachvely. Fina Cruy, YO) = YU) o \ Qs ° _-—-— ue Chocts: freq 1 @ Fiend freqummuy of ofp & fox SKHZ hua mt it © aL A fT ow many FF WiLL be Comp ~lemented in @ to-bit biswry vibble Counker to reach the ext Count for looltool? Protir @ 3 ©O4+@6 iv fra © ©rFe generate O rraximmal Segue 1 nce of 15, We semuite | Pra 4 EF. (@ Find ra. Mod-numen oF om | eT EEE Soln Hloo00 Hemce Ans :-GA) Asin = abit |-_—. "cane ged — eg} 4-bit Mod-3¢| Th Ripple ‘ounen) au Find the ob Y’ fraqnemyy Sao SHE er Om Counter gown. vo ras- Mod - 12. D Freq: of output 8p iS for 1MHzZ clock freq. Pinbs — 93.3 KHE gn the Modulo-6 wipe Counter Shown tH +he Figure, the oukpudr of Hae. Qeinipub goke 18 used +o Clos. tne Tk FF. q C 4 ~ & | rE ak, Q-alP @ . Bratz Qilp OR gate. © After (ing +0 clock pulses the oubbuts of the fulbadder, Should be T kK al a ara IB AEA 'S tp, 48 pct = a > q otk, rs S=] , Cox} ® The Cordro} Signak dunchons of a 4-bit Coumtey Qre Given below (adhere X i's Te coumler 18 Connected a £o|lows +- rn , Count = doad =o Chor = OLOR wnters And the. gate ode’ Sneghginle -9F the. counter Stake ak O, them it cad though, the following Sequvere. 43. 0000 Ooo O0lo 7 te 100 Chon Choon » ® FL mudole-8 Counter Yeqpuired how mamy minimum number| of flip Hops 2 . bus— 3 ® Design following Coumler} S%~ A Sstage sipple Counter wih Using T-FF having Seque which of the fing Grin © aro Brat- T > BeStp ® Maximum propagation. dlelay tora sumetromours Cownker Gnd © be met to avoid voce bovblem 7 must Ors. AduncheoNOVs COWwmber, Cath With +FE 18 amd Yabechvey, The propagation, dolay of one FF 18 20 msece BSonsec, 2Zomsee og “NW 932937 ation of FF as 2sse : ont et pot uke With of Strobe Mbut TS tomsec. Them, the maximum CJ i ad > ay eh cus ‘ : To Complete the civ, the Inbut x Should be ~--- Som X= Q, OQ. Ce : Find frequenty oF outbuk- hQowill ba — peas Fremomey 18 Fo, 6 Oberndkng frequomney ar Which Counter “operates sreliably 18 -— pase 1. FL MHZ. QiQo Seqpemce. 1 given by p00 01s ll>1o The inbuk3 “Do Gnd 'D, Yes pec ~tHvely Should be Connecied Go) Two D-FF, ak Shown belal *- Gore +o be Connected aga Synchronous Coursk that ows through the followi | Q.Qo Sequence . 00 0\ | \0 00..-- A O46 Counter Consists of 3 FF Amd a Combinatio | —nok Cixeuit of 9 onput j ake. The combinahon cit j Consists of. ~. _. Aye, one two i]p AND gale ) Seneca. of % Pe Ale ea | Arste 11, 10)00) <== ===> ce 910] unat i8 the Segumee Mh Find the Sepunceok ga, | cs i bos 0D, 0 I, 101 00, -~- | Re G3). gf pmbagation ddoy of + ts olloloo-. -- FE 18 AT, the olp waveform OFM given, Che @4) state tyansition diag yam Ae fot Logic ckt ghown 19. a OD fey A= ) x) ° Sto SF Ex-oR gate (6 sophaced by Ex-Nok gate. Trem, A issitl Connection 18 yeblated ®O ou. @ he cock traywn s of > ‘ ~Cumter ton’ a Heres Som. Her Connection 3. @ 3 Rex, ~Coumker 73 ured im period —%+ Hence Mod-3 Counter } Grd the. ip to the wip Counter.” door tte 18 OQ Square WANE 0 AkHz. The display ofthe timal @ § 8 8B coumkrr wil show a Value -- ) ° °) Ang3- 5000. * . > ¢ t f . @Qre yar wave C, shown in| © 2 lo” Figure i givert tothe choc | inpub of o. 4 bit binary UP/INIED 9m she digital circuit Shown Counter whose uP|ix rmbub in Figure Hu FE howe sok time (3 Fed with tne pulke tain} Snsamd a worst dalay of t5ns. Pu. The Counter 18 a negakive Tie AND Speke has Glaloy ots ; ble asi ON © The Counts}; TS. Max™M boss! eK sake fow the ckt +o obuate Starts With, 9000 And wilt iyi Bo. Yeah 0000 again ak ---+ aie AG a o WARARARR | Prss- To S Dtpare + Ntsett tan eT | Sem Pye| up Counter Puzo =p down n two times ub Counter tind one | Hmm down Coun, |. Tux=Qs +9x5 +5)ns Sn fiques initially Q=A=B=0,] = fue ¢ 2S MHE Afters thtee clock tigger, 4 finon = QSMNE 1A 1 the stated of 4) A ond '6 wi For, the digital Coumder Shown be respec Hvdly eee ° 7 . . tm tre figuaz with. ofb Go, di, Be. ira Mod — whore Qoindicoks the LSB oF > cunes| the Count value. The Correct i 7 eiakermends Whose switche 4K Y Sw 1S Unged y ig ~--- cs a? : CY couner ofbs ara both, even a On eda Nwmbez, (mse) © Counken elbs Ave onty odd Dury bw. ® , © comer o/ps ane only even numbwrs . ‘ ao (BD counter stops Counting, Som Gy=l

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