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Closed Loop and Open Loop Control System PDF File Sir

The document discusses open loop and closed loop control systems. An open loop system does not use feedback, so its output is not affected by its input. It is simple but inaccurate. A closed loop system uses feedback to adjust its input based on its output, making it more accurate even with non-linearity, though also more complex. Examples of each type are given.

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550 views3 pages

Closed Loop and Open Loop Control System PDF File Sir

The document discusses open loop and closed loop control systems. An open loop system does not use feedback, so its output is not affected by its input. It is simple but inaccurate. A closed loop system uses feedback to adjust its input based on its output, making it more accurate even with non-linearity, though also more complex. Examples of each type are given.

Uploaded by

asim zeeshan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Control System:

The definition of a control system can be simplified as a system, which controls other systems.
Requirements of a Good Control System:
1. Accuracy
2. Sensitivity
3. Noise
4. Stability
5. Bandwidth
6. Speed
7. Oscillation
Types of control system:
There are two main types of control system. They are as follow
1. Open loop control system
2. Closed loop control system
Open loop control system:
Open-loop system, also referred to as non-feedback system, is a type of continuous control system in which the
output has no influence or effect on the control action of the input signal.

Factor effect the Open loop control system:


1. Effect of output:
2. Reaction to Internal and External Disturbances:
3. Stability:
4. Effect on gain:
Practical Examples of Open Loop Control System:
1. Electric Hand Drier
2. Automatic Washing Machine
3. Bread Toaster
4. Automatic Tea/Coffee Maker
Advantages of Open Loop Control System:
1. Simple in construction and design.
2. Economical.
3. Easy to maintain.
4. Generally stable.
Disadvantages of Open Loop Control System:
1. They are inaccurate.
2. They are unreliable.
3. Any change in output cannot be corrected automatically.
Closed loop control systems:
A closed loop system is also referred as a feedback control system. In a closed loop control system, the input is
adjusted function of the output of the system.
Factor effect the Closed-loop Control:
1. Effect of output
2. Reaction to Internal and External Disturbances
3. Stability
4. Effect on gain
Closed-loop System Transfer Function:

-loop transfer function of:


Control Actions in feedback system:
Proportional: – improves speed but with steady-state error
Integral: – improves steady state error but with less stability, overshoot, longer transient,
Derivative: – improves stability but sensitive to noise
Effect of Feedback:
1. Error between system input and system output is reduced.
2. System gain is reduced by a factor 1/ (1±GH).
3. Improvement in sensitivity.
4. Stability may be affected.
5. Improve the speed of response
Practical Examples of Closed Loop Control System:
1. Automatic Electric Iron
2. Servo Voltage Stabilizer
3. An Air Conditioner
4. Cooling System in Car
Advantages of Closed Loop Control System:
1. Closed loop control systems are more accurate even in the presence of non-linearity.
2. Highly accurate as any error arising is corrected due to presence of feedback signal.
3. Bandwidth range is large.
Disadvantages of Closed Loop Control System:
1. They are costlier.
2. They are complicated to design.
3. Required more maintenance.
Comparison of Closed Loop and Open Loop Control System:
Sr. No. Open loop control system Closed loop control system

1 The feedback element is absent. The feedback element is always present.

2 An error detector is not present. An error detector is always present.

3 It is stable one. It may become unstable.

4 Easy to construct. Complicated construction.

5 It is an economical. It is costly.

6 Having small bandwidth. Having large bandwidth.

7 It is inaccurate. It is accurate.

8 Less maintenance. More maintenance.

9 It is unreliable. It is reliable.

10 Examples: Hand drier, tea maker Examples: Servo voltage stabilizer, perspiration

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