PID NOTES

Agenda
 Safety Topic

 PID NOTES

 Types

 PID Interface

 Summery
Exercise/Workout safety
 Begin your exercise program slowly with low-intensity exercises.

 Wear appropriate shoes for your activity.

 Warm up before exercising and cool down afterward.

 Pay attention to your surroundings when exercising outdoors.

 Drink water before, during, and after your workout session, even if
you don’t feel thirsty.

 Dress appropriately for the temperature outdoors or for an indoor

activity if it’s very hot or cold.

 If you have specific health conditions, discuss your exercise and

physical activity plan with your health care provider.
PID NOTES
► NOTE1: ALL INSTRUMENTS ARE TAGGED AS XX12YYYYA WHERE
XX IS PROCESS VARIABLE, YYYYIS LOOP NUMBER AND A IS A
SUFFIX.

► NOTE 4:- HYDROGEN LINE TO BE FREE DRAINING FROM

CONTROL VALVE TO TOWER NOZZLE.

► NOTE 9: HYDROGEN FEED CAN BE INJECTED AT UP HIGHER IN

COLUMN, BUT NOT HIGHER THAN HYDROCARBON FEED
LOCATION

► NOTE 11: GOLD PLATED DIAPHRAGM.

 TYPES OF NOTES

 GENERAL NOTES

 TECHNICAL NOTES
 PROCESS NOTES
 INSTRUMENTATION NOTES
 LAYOUT NOTES
– DESIGN GUIDELINE
– OPERATION/MAINTENANCE GUIDELINE
– SAFETY
GENERAL NOTES
 LEGEND SHEET

 NOTE: ALL INSTRUMENT TAGS ON THE DWG. ARE

PRECEEDED BY “12”

 NOTE 7: P-12-001A/B PUMP SEAL PLAN AND MOTOR

TEMPERATURE PROTECTION DETAILS CAN BE
FOUND ON PID 12-02-1-110.

 NOTE 11: PLAN 74 PUMPS ARE PROVIDED WITH A

SPARE NOZZLE FOR POTENTIAL PLAN 11 SEAL PLAN.

 LINE NUMBERS WHICH DO NOT INDICATE AN

INSULATION CLASS HAVE NO INSULATION.

 NOTE12: LOWER VESSEL TRIM APPLIES TO PORTION

OF VESSEL BELOW N12.
GENERAL NOTES

 Mention project specific terminology and numbering system .

 Helps in reading and understanding PID

 Provide common platform for technical communication

 Ignorance can cause revision/rework

PROCESS /INSTRUMENTATION NOTES

 Instrumentation Notes.pdf

 LOCATE EIV PANEL INCLUDING HY-121510 AND MANUAL AIR DUMP HA-121510. A MINIMUM 50FT
FROM PUMPS P-12-001A/B

 EIV XV-122402 LOW PRESSURE AND VALVE CLOSED INDICATION(2002 VOTING) WILL STOP
PUMPS P-12-003A/B. ADDITIONALLY, FC121607, FC121608, FC122401, FC122907, AND FC122910
SWITCH TO MANUAL.

 NOTE8: LINE 0931 IS USED AS A BYPASS TO DIB FEED /BOTTOMS EXCHANGER IF DIB BOTTOMS
RUNS TOO HOT.

 NOTE: ACID LEVEL ELEVATIONS IN V-12-101 AND V-12-102 REMAIN SAME.

 NOTE: HYDROCARBON LEVEL IN V-12-102 CONTROLS HC LEVEL IN R-12-102.

 NOTE:REFRIGERANT COMPRESSOR DISCHARGE LINE: SIZING OF ANTI-SURGE VALVE SHALL BE

APPROVED BY COMPRESSOR CONTROLS SYSTEM VENDOR.
► HALF INCH HOLE IN BOTTOM OF PERFORATED PLATES
TO ALLOW DRAINING TO BOOT.

► E-12-005 IS A CROSSFLOW HEAT EXCHANGER

CONFIGURED SO THAT COLD STREAM COMES IN THE
BOTTOM AND OUT AT THE TOP, AND WARM STREAM
COMES IN THE SIDE AND OUT THE SIDE.

NOTE: REVERSE FLOW FOR START-UP

NOTE: REVERSE FLOW FOR SHUT-DOWN

PROCESS AND INSTRUMENTATION NOTES

 Notes are derived from process licensor/Instrumentation and control/vendor

and are supported by technical calculations and documentations.

 Developed guidelines and standards for Specific requirement and facility

operation to take care during process designing and instrumentation control.

 Layout/Piping has minimum scope of work

 Try to understand the purpose of the notes with the help of Process and
Instrument Engineer verify the requirement is fulfilled otherwise bring
attention to responsible engineer.

 Ignorance can cause major rework also severe process hazard on account of
safety.
LAYOUT NOTES –Design Guideline
► Elevation of process equipment's in relation to ground level.

► Minimum level needs to maintain

► Relative elevations with other equipment.

 NOTE 7: LOCATE CHECK VALVE AT HIGH POINT

 Don’t just see the particular WBS area, look beyond it

for complete line component cover-up.

 NOTE 6: VALVE NEEDS TO BE ACCESSIBLE FOR

THE TESTING PURPOSE.

 MIXER TO BE AT MINIMUM DISTANCE

FROM THE REACTOR INLET.
  Indicator/Transmitters with SS tag attached with
mini. Max. and operating condition mentioned

 Y pattern in the dial for easy observation in a

glance.

 Wherever Manual operation

flow/pressure/temperature measuring elements
should be readable from manual operation valve
to take the appropriate action.

NOTE 8: PI-12-1290 IS READABLE FROM GLOBE VALVE

NOTE: TRANSMITTER LOCAL READING TO BE VISIBLE FROM ASSOCIATED VALVE

 FE’s

GAS
LIQUID
LINE ROUTING

► Pockets must be avoided in all line in a process plant. Not possible for ALL the lines.
► The process Engineer is responsible for designating those lines that must absolutely not have
pockets with “"Do Not Pocket or Free Draining OR Slope" note.
► Lines that should not be pocketed/free drain/Slope: - Overhead Vapor Lines(from a fractionation
Column to the condenser)
► - The line from the condenser to the accumulator
► - All lines up-stream and down-stream of a Relief valve
► - All Flare headers inside the unit and its connection to Flare Knock-Out Drum
TWO PHASE FLOW
NOTE: VALVE TO BE LOCATED AS CLOSE AS POSSIBLE
TO TOWER FEED NOZZLE
Two phase flow contains Two or more fluid stream causing the turbulent
Flow Which can result in water hammer and severe shocks in the system
which could lead to failure.

 Always check notes in CV downstream in specifically HC service.

 Check notes in condensate lines
 Notes in Reboiler inlet/outlet lines
 Check fluid phase in line list
 Check the flare header connection requirement. Per DEP 45 degree tapping required to flare header.
 Length of pipe should be minimum
 Try to minimize the vertical run of the pipe since supporting is critical in this case
 High pressure steam lines should be no pocket lines unless the pocket goes to a drip leg and trap
 Not all two phase flow lines would form a slug flow characteristic. Higher gas velocities and longer
straight runs tend to form slug flow.
 Stress Engineer supposed to request data from process to further evaluate if a Slug Flow Analysis is
required for these lines or not?
SYMMETRICAL PIPING
► Multiple parallel exchangers:-- each exchanger getting the same flow. One way of achieving equal
flow to every exchanger is making inlet and outlet piping symmetrical

► Symmetry in piping is a good first step to achieve even flow and maximum equipment
performance.
 FO AND FC
 “valve failure” does not mean that the control valve itself has failed. In the event of power loss, a
control valve will “fail,” or stop, in one of two positions—open, closed.

 The term “power” by which actuator move , be that air pressure, gas pressure, or electric power. Air
or gas pressure may be lost due to freezing, and electricity may be lost during a seasonal
thunderstorm. It is important to carefully consider which fail action select on valves, as this will affect
local equipment and production significantly.

 Fail Open (FO) means that when there is a loss of signal, the valve opens. E.g. Boiler Feed water line,
If plant shuts down unexpectedly, Feed water supply should remain continue otherwise tubes will
remain expose to hot gas can cause severe damage.

 Fail Closed (FC) means that when the signal is lost, the valve will close. Fuel Gas inlet line to
Furnace, If emergency shutdown occur, continuous fuel supply may cause disaster.

► CSO/CSC
► NOTE: INSTALL GATE VALVE STEAM HORIZONTALLY TO PREVENT GATE FROM FALLING AND
BLOCKING THE FLOW.

► Not Type of a valve: Condition of a valve.

► For very critical services to avoid poor operator choices or unintentional operation of important
safety related valving.
► An example might be at the inlet to a PSV. The inlet and outlet valves could be CSO so that the
operation of the PSV is not mistakenly defeated.
► Any valve (Gate, Globe, Ball, Plug, Needle, Diaphragm, Orbit, Butterfly, etc) can be CSO/CSC with
Car-Seal added to it.
► NOTE: CUSTOM REDUCER TO REDUCE RELIEF VALVE INLET LINE LOSSES.

► Do need to use 8”X4” Conc. Reducer from respective Piping Specification?

► OR Piping Specialty Item?

► Confirm with material engineer/Process if an 8x4 reducer would have acceptable losses for
PSV-12-024? Reducers can be supplied with bell shape or conical shape?

► 8x4 conical reducer would have a reduction angle of about 20 degrees. Bell-shaped
reducer would have a reduction angle not exceeding 45 degrees.

► Process gave go ahead with a standard ASME reducer for this fitting with New commodity
code in the Iso BOM so that the description will call out ‘Conical Shape’.
 DISSIMILAR CHECK VALVE

 In HPHT system, any undesirable condition leads to overpressure .

 Dissimilar check valves increase the scope of the safety in cost effective way.
 Chances of two dissimilar valve failure is very very rare.
 So we need one of them to be a dissimilar check
 Note should be mentioned on PID since check valve type don’t mention on PID.
 Inform and confirm the sequence of these valves with process and Material engineer.
 In some cases one type treat as a SP item, confirm the same with material
INTEGRAL BY-PASS

► During the start-up if sudden open battery limit valve, all

steam will get condense and water accumulation will
cause water hammering effect so this integral by-pass
valve can be used to supply small quantity of steam to
heat up the pipe and equalize the temp. of steam inside
the pipe.
► Is the Vendor furnishing all the material involved with the
Bypass or do we need to show any on ISO Dwg. B.O.M.?

► Will this be typical for all the similar SP’s that indicate
Bypasses on P&ID’s?

► Design should include these Bypasses in layout, Since

orientations of by-pass valve is important.

► P&ID indicates 14” Gate Valve with 1” Globe Valve

Bypass and SP sheet highlighted for 2” by-pass valve.

► Bypass dimensions comes with “API 600 Globe” and

“API 600 Gate” which are different dimensions. Select
the correct one.
 NOTE: SPECIAL MULTIPOINT TEMPERATURE ELEMENT
ASSEMBLY AS SHOWN IN DETAIL "A". A DUPLEX ELEMENT
(ONE FOR MEASUREMENT AND ONE FOR SPARE)SHALL BE
USED AT EACH OF NINE SENSING POINTS.

 Special TE with two probes parallelly run inside the device one
working and one stand by. Inserted between packed bed in
columns.

 “CAT TRACKER” is outside box installed at column. And one can

set which probe is need to be primary and the other secondary
on the box itself.

 Irrespective of which is primary and which one is secondary, final

output to the transmitter will remain same.

 How to install? Installation is only through the manways only

before installation of bed inside. Maintenance during shutdown
and when packed bed are removed. Major impact on Platform
and Manway location.

 LAYOUT –Operation & Maintenance
ISOLATION PHILOSOPHY : Discuss during starting
Of the project.
How isolation will achieve for maintenance
Permeant or temporary space/spacers

NOTE 5: MAIN PROCESS LINES AROUND DEPENTANIZER SHALL HAVE CAPABLITY TO BE BLINDED
OFF AT COLUMN NOZZELS.
NOTE 2: PROVIDE UTILITY FACILITY FOR CAUSTIC,
NITROGEN, AND UTILITY WATER FOR FLUSHING AND
TURNAROUND.
availability of Nearest
Utility stations

NOTE 11: USED FOR CHEMICAL CLEANING OF PIPE

 Note 9:Valve to be used to drain level instrument on V-12-001

► Place yourself in operators shoes.

► Check the operability and accessibility for easy

operation.

NOTE 1. CONNECTION TO BE LOCATED NEAR CONNECTION ON CAUSTIC HEADER FOR USE DURING
SHUTDOWN.”
LAYOUT –Safety Note

Process plant can be subjected to excessive overpressure or under

pressure due to:
 External fire;
 Process abnormality or maloperation;
 Equipment or service / utility failure;
 Changes in ambient conditions;
 Excess chemical reaction.

General principles applicable to relief systems include:

 In all cases, relief devices must be located to minimize disturbance
to plant and environment;
 Relief devices must not be isolated from equipment they protect
while the equipment is in use;
 The discharge from a relief device should pass to a safe location
which may be:
 A dump tank; Upstream in the process; A storage tank; A sewer; The
atmosphere; A knockout drum; A scrubber; A flare stack
 Make sure discharge is orientated away from process plant with
minimum required elevation than any nearest operating platform
 Weep holes in atmospheric discharge
 Grade discharge to nearest trench without tripping hazard.
LAYOUT NOTES
 Developed guidelines and standards for Specific design requirement and facility operation-
Installation and Maintenance that take care with the help of layout.

 Act as a guideline in fixing the layout. Equipment reference elevation, No pocket, Free draining
and sloped piping.

 Common requirement for similar objects : Reducers in pressure relief valve inlet or outlet piping
shall be installed immediately adjacent to the pressure relief valves OR CSO valves.

 Safety requirements and control – Safe location Vent and Drains, weep holes, spray heads etc.

 Requirement for relevant specifications, materials, dimensions etc.

 A abbreviation and symbol that mention specific requirement can be counted as a layout note.

 Ignorance can cause major rework also severe process hazard on account of safety.
PID INTERFACE SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATION

 One of the ignored document: Legend sheet.

 Please Go through the it for symbols and

abbreviations. This will help in
understanding PID effectively/correctly also
if we have any mark-ups specially valve
symbol in vent-drain mark-up.

 Reason: Different client may have different

symbols, specially valve symbols OR this is
the currently available in library.

 Sometimes whatever the markup we do,

blindly followed by process draftsman may
cause an error in PID, unless it is caught by
Process engineer

 Vent Drain mark-up on PID

LINE BREAK

 Is this an acceptable Line break location

 Do we need to include tracing from Line HC-0039 branch to Gate Valve

SPEC BREAK

► Spec break at by-pass valve

► Make sure valve is considered in

correct spec.
TOPOLOGY

► P&ID indicates the 6” x 3” reducer downstream of 2” branch for

FE-7210. 3” Line continue to FE-7202.

► Arrangement indicates 6” x 3” reducer (i.e. actually 6” x 3” Red.

Tee) upstream of the 2” branch for FE-7210.

► Question of adequate flow to 2” Line.

► Always follow the topology shown in PID for process lines.

NEUTRALIZATION BASIN
 Neutralization basin takes spent caustic from propane wash section and from LP scrubber add
fresh acid and fresh caustic and fed to basin to allow neutralization of the material drained to the
basin.
 Containment Basin is of CSA scope. One general comment was given for all connections to be of
150#.
 Instruments should be of 300#.
 Per Instrument Engineer: This LT has been specified and purchased as 300# since last May and is
already delivered to site. At this point the nozzle needs to be 300# or we have to replace the $10k
transmitter.
 Small observation saved rework at site.

► PH PROBE PIPE WELL.

► Monitoring of product quality or of chemical reactions is often done by means

of pH measurement.

1) Approved Cutsheet for AE-12-8304?

► 2) How AE-12-8304 is able to mount directly on 2” CL 150 Flange of Dip Tube

or need piping modification?

► 3) Confirm what depth of Dip Tube is required for AE or if any Dip Tube is
required?
PAY ATTENTION TO SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT OF ANY
INSTRUMENT

► Grounding rings being provided with the mag flow

meters. They will also require an additional Teflon flat
gasket that is not currently included the exact
thickness of the grounding rings
► The non-metallic gaskets are only required between
the ring and the meter body to keep from damaging
the internal lining.
► Also the gaskets installed against the meter need to
be flat Teflon so they do not damage the lining.
► Grounding rings are used to suppress electrical
interference at the installation location for
electromagnetic flow meters.


 We CAN shift FE’s closer to structure to reduce the

amount of tubing/support needed.

 Maintaining required straight run is always on priority

but if we have plenty of run we should locate FE’s near
support/column.
 LEGEND SHEET SHOULD COVER ALL THE SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATION.

► LEGEND SHEET does not indicate a Line Service for “OL”?

► ISO Dwg. indicates Service: OL, HYDROCARBON.

► Line List indicates Service: OL

► Keeping existing fluid codes and pipe specs for tie-in lines. OL is essentially the equivalent to HC
(hydrocarbon) in unit. Keep OL for line 4009.
 DESIGN DATA

 Current Line List does not have these RED marked-up Line
No. listed.

 Can we use same Design Information as a supply Header?

 Yes. For Utilities (CW,PA,IA)we can use same Design date

required Except Steam, Temp/pressure may vary in some
cases.

 For Process we should be communicate process engineer.

 CORRECT FLUID CODE ON PID

 PSV outlet should be flare with “FL” service.

 Sometimes process too miss the wrong fluid code-drafting mistake,
but simple observation can remove these disasters.

SPEC BLIND/ FIG. 8 AND SPADE-SPACER REPRESENTATION

► Spec blind/ fig. 8 and spade-spacer
representation needs to verify on
PID.

► P&ID indicates Spectacle Blind in

12” portion of Pump Suction Line

► Piping Spec. AB2 Spectacle Blinds

are only available up through 10”
size?

► Design needs to have Spectacle

Blind, not Paddle Spacer (i.e. typical
for Line HC-0394)?

► Will a Commodity Code be assigned

for 12” Spectacle Blind size?
CORRECT REPRESENTATION OF PUMP VENT AND
DRAINS

► Please confirm that will need total of three (3) ¾” Pump

Drain Valves and piping to each or what to do with these
three (3) Pump Drains?

► Please confirm if Customer Connection for TP5 (i.e. ¾”

600 RFWN Pump Vent) needs to be addressed on P&ID/
Piping requirements?

► The three drain connections will each require their own

valves or one after combining all?
 In Process Plants pumps are installed in sets of
two (or more) and one normally is running and
one is in "stand-by" mode. These paired pumps
are alternated (between run and stand-by) on
some 24 hour, 48 hour cycle.

 The fluids in the stand-by pump and the pump

body it self will cool down during the stand-by
phase and can cause damage to the pump.

 A small (1" in this case) "Warm-up" bypass in

installed around the check valve to allow the
discharge pressure from the "Run" pump to back
flow around the check valve of the stand-by pump
and keep the pump warm. This small flow is not
enough to cause the pump to turn backwards
which is undesirable for pumps.

 A warmup line is to keep spare pumps ready to

run at a moments notice.

 Direction of flow i.e. flow makes difference on

installation of valve. And direction on isometric

 Make exact similar Piping arrangements for both

the pump if possible.

 PI branch elevations, circulation line ,drains,

Main line component elevation etc.
 PAY ATTENTION TOWARDS SCOPE BREAK.
 Any discrepancy(Material class/size type of
connection) discuss/highlight and make sure
Process is taking action against it.

► CORRECT REDUCER SIZE SHOULD

REFLECT IN PID
 Make sure after receiving vendor data PID is
reflecting correct size reduction in DWG. per
model

► VENDOR DWG. INPUT AND PID

► There is NO flare connection on the sample

station drawing and no any line number
given for flare connection on PID.
► Confirm the number of connection required
for sample stations.
► Inlet outlet services: sample connection,
water, flare, nitrogen, drain connection and
sizes required alon with line number added
to line list..
SUMMERY
 Read All the notes thoroughly

 Keep always in mind, there is something very important

that needs to be focused or that needs to be always take
care during development process and hence it is written on
the left bottom corner of the PID

 Try to understand the purpose of the note. Take help from

experts. Make sure it is fulfilled otherwise raise the alarm.

 Always put self to operators' shoes to understand the

situation specially while meeting the safety ,maintenance
and operation requirement.