Praticatermodinamica

Engineering Thermodynamics: Problems and Solutions, Chapter-5 http://romulus.sdsu.edu/testcenterdev/testhome/Test/problems/chapter05...
Section-1: Simple Processes Involving Closed Uniform Systems
â€¢ Constant Volume Processes
5-1-1 [al-1kg] Determine (a) the amount of heat necessary to raise the
temperature of 1 kg of aluminum from 30 o C to 100 o C. (b) What-if Scenario:
What would the answer in part (a) be if the working substance were wood
instead? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 63 kJ, (b) 123.2 kJ
Anim. 5-1-1(click)
5-1-2 [al-200C] Suppose the aluminum block in the above problem were heated
by a reservoir (TER) at 200 o C. Determine (a) the change in entropy of the
block and (b) the entropy transferred from the reservoir to the block. (c) Explain
the discrepancy between the two results? (d) What-if Scenario: What would
the answers in part (a) and (b) be if the reservoir were at 500 o C?
[Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 0.187 kJ/K, (b) 0.133 kJ/K, (d) 0.187 kJ/K, 0.082 kJ/K,
5-1-3 [fe-20kg] A block of iron (specific heat: 0.45 kJ/kg.K) with a mass of 20
kg is heated from its initial temperature of 10 o C to a final temperature of 200 o
C by keeping it in thermal contact with a thermal energy reservoir (TER) at 300
o C. All other faces of the block are completely insulated. Determine the amount
of (a) heat and (b) entropy transfer from the reservoir. (c) Also calculate the
entropy generated in the system's universe due to this heat transfer.
[Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 1710 kJ, (b) 2.984 KJ/K, (c) 1.637 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-3(click)
5-1-4 [al-90C] A block of aluminum with m = 0.5 kg, T = 20 o C is dropped into

a reservoir at a temperature of 90 o C. Calculate (a) the change in stored
energy, (b) the amount of heat transfer, (c) the change in entropy, (d) the
amount of entropy transfer by heat and (e) the entropy generation in the
system's universe during the heat transfer process.
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Answers: (a) 31.5 kJ, (b) 31.5 kJ, (c) 0.0964 kJ/K, (d) 0.0868 kJ/K, (e) 0.0096 kJ/K
5-1-5 [tank-08m3] A 0.8 m 3 rigid tank initially contains refrigerant-12 in the

saturated vapor form at 0.9 MPa. As a result of heat transfer from the
refrigerant, the pressure drops to 250 kPa. Determine (a) the final temperature,
(b) the amount of refrigerant that condenses and (c) the heat transfer.
Answers: (a) -6.27 o C, (b) 29.69 kg, (c) -4787.12 kJ
Anim. 5-1-5(click)
5-1-6 [tank-50m3] A rigid tank of volume 50 m 3 contains superheated steam

at 100 kPa and 200 o C. The tank is allowed to cool down to the atmospheric
temperature of 10 o C. Determine (a) the final pressure, (b) the heat transfer,
(c) the change in entropy of steam and (d) the entropy generation in the tank's
universe. (e) What-if Scenario: What would the final pressure be if the steam
were initially at 500 kPa? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 1.23 kPa, (b) -59.1 MJ, (c) 172.7 kJ/K, (d) 36.03 kJ/K, (e) No Change
5-1-7 [tank-10m3] A rigid tank of volume 10 m 3 contains superheated steam

at 1 MPa and 400 o C. Due to heat loss to the outside atmosphere, the tank
gradually cools down to the atmospheric temperature of 25 o C. Determine (a)
the heat transfer and (b) the entropy generated in the system's universe during
this cooling process. (c) Plot how the pressure changes as temperature
decreases during the process (pressure vs. temperature plot). (d) Can you
explain the discontinuity in the plot? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -92.54 MJ, (b) 80.825 kJ/K
5-1-8 [tank-140kPa] A rigid tank contains 3.2 kg of refrigerant-134a initially at

26 o C and 140 kPa. The refrigerant is cooled until its pressure drops to 100 kPa.
Determine (a) the entropy change of the refrigerant, (b) the entropy transfer to
a reservoir at -50 o C and (c) the entropy generation in the universe due to the
process. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -0.754 kJ/K, (b) 0.889 kJ/K, (c) 0.134 kJ/K
5-1-9 [radiator-20L] A steam radiator (used for space heating) has a volume of
20 L and is filled up with steam at 200 kPa and 250 o C. As the inlet and exit
ports are closed, the radiator cools to a room temperature of 20 o C. Determine
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(a) the heat transfer and show the process on a p-v diagram. (b) What-if
Scenario: What would the heat transfer be if the steam pressure in the radiator
were 400 kPa instead? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -43.4 kJ, (b) -88 kJ
5-1-10 [radiator-25L] A steam radiator has a volume of 25 L and is filled with

steam at 350 kPa and 280 o C. When the inlet and exit ports are closed, the
radiator pressure drops to 180 kPa. Determine (a) the heat transfer and show
the process on a p-v diagram. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the heat
transfer be if the steam pressure in the radiator were 500 kPa instead?
Answers: (a) -27.09 kJ, (b) -61.3 kJ
Anim. 5-1-10(click)
5-1-11 [radiator-15L] The radiator of a steam heating system has a volume of

15 L and is filled with superheated water vapor at 225 kPa and 230 o C. The inlet
and exit ports are then closed. After a while the temperature of steam drops to
88 o C as a result of heat transfer to the room air. Determine (a) the heat
transfer and (b) the entropy change of the steam during this process.
Answers: (a) -21.66 kJ, (b) -0.056 kJ/K
5-1-12 [radiator-250C] A steam radiator has a volume of 20 L and is filled up

with steam at 200 kPa and 250 o C. The inlet and exit ports are then closed. As
the radiator cools down to a room temperature of 20 o C, determine (a) the final
pressure and (b) the entropy generated in the universe.
Answers: (a) 2.34 kPa, (b) 0.025 kJ/K
5-1-13 [tank-6kg] A well-insulated rigid tank contains 6 kg of saturated liquid

vapor mixture of water at 150 kPa. Initially, half of the mass is in liquid phase.
An electric resistance heater placed in the tank is then turned on and kept on
until all the liquid is vaporized. Determine (a) the electrical work, (b) the entropy
change of the steam during this process and (c) the entropy generated in the
system's universe. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -6.31 MJ, (b) 15.89 kJ/K, (c) 15.89 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-13(click)
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5-1-14 [tank-45pct] A 0.4 m 3 rigid tank contains refrigerant-134a initially at

250 kPa and 45% quality. Heat is then transferred to the refrigerant from a
source at 37 o C until pressure rises to 420 kPa. Determine (a) the entropy
change of the refrigerant, (b) the entropy change of the heat source and (c) the
total entropy generation in the universe due to the process.
Answers: (a) 2.5667 kJ/K, (b) 2.286 kJ/K, (c) 0.2804 kJ/K
5-1-15 [tank-1000kJ] A rigid tank with 3 kg of H 2 O at 150 kPa, x = 0.2 is

heated with 1000 kJ. Determine (a) the final pressure and (b) phase composition
of H 2 O. (c) What-if Scenario: What would the final pressure be if the tank
were heated with 500 kJ? [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 260 kPa, (b) Saturated Mixture, (c) 202 kPa
Anim. 5-1-15(click)
5-1-16 [tank-5MPa] A rigid tank contains 1 kg of H 2 O at 100 kPa and x = 0.1.

Given that the tank can withstand a maximum internal pressure of 5 MPa,
determine (a) the maximum temperature to which the steam in the tank can be
heated, and (b) the amount of heat transfer necessary to reach the critical
pressure. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 1567 o C, (b) 4621 kJ
5-1-17 [tank-01kW] An insulated rigid tank contains 1.5 kg of helium at 30 o C

and 500 kPa. A paddle wheel with a power rating of 0.1 kW is operated within
the tank for 30 minutes. Determine (a) the final temperature and (b) pressure.
(c) Also determine the entropy generated in the tank.
Answers: (a) 68.5 o C, (b) 563 kPa, (c) 0.559 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-17(click)
5-1-18 [tank-3kg] A 2 m 3 insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of carbon dioxide

at 110 kPa. Then paddle wheel work is done on the system until the pressure in
the tank rises to 127 kPa. Determine (a) the entropy change of carbon dioxide,
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(b) work done by paddle wheel, and (c) the entropy generated in the tank and
its immediate surroundings. Use the PG model. (d) What-if Scenario: What
would the work done be if the IG model were used instead?
Answers: (a) 0.282 kJ/K, (b) -117.8 kJ, (c) 0.282 kJ/K, (d) -137.6 kJ
5-1-19 [paddle-800kJ] Air is contained in an insulated, rigid volume at 25 o C

and 180 kPa. A paddle wheel, inserted in the volume, does 800 kJ of work to the
air. If the volume is 2m 3 , determine (a) the entropy increase, (b) the final
pressure, and (c) final temperature. Use the IG model for air.
Answers: (a) 1.92 kJ/K, (b) 335.6 kPa, (c) 282.7 o C
5-1-20 [fan-100W] A person living in a 4m x 5m x 5m room turns on a 100-W

fan before he leaves the warm room at 100 kPa, 30 o C, hoping that the room
will be cooler when he comes back after 5 hours. Disregarding any heat transfer
and using the PG model for air, determine (a) the temperature he discovers
when he comes back. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the temperature be if
the fan power were 50 W instead? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 51.8 o C, (b) 40.9 o C
Anim. 5-1-20(click)
â€¢ Pressure Regulated Processes (Sec-1 Continued)
5-1-21 [piston-001kg] A piston-cylinder device contains 0.01 kg of steam at a

pressure of 100 kPa and a quality of 10%. Determine the heat transfer
necessary to increase the quality to 100% when heating is carried out (a) in a
constant pressure manner by allowing the piston to move freely, or (b) in a
constant volume manner by locking the piston in its initial position.
Answers: (a) 20.32 kJ, (b) 19.61 kJ
5-1-22 [satVapor-10kg] A mass of 10 kg of saturated water vapor at 300 kPa is

heated at constant pressure until the temperature reaches 500 o C. Calculate (a)
the work done by the steam during the process and (b) the amount of heat
transfer. (c) What-if Scenario: What would the heat transfer be if the pressure
remained constant at 600 kPa? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 1742.56 kJ, (b) 7606 kJ, (c) -37.44 kJ
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Anim. 5-1-22(click)
5-1-23 [satVapor-2ndLaw] In problem 5-1-22 , determine the minimum

average value of the boundary temperature for which the second law is not
violated. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: 297.4 o C
5-1-24 [piston-10L] A vertical piston-cylinder assembly (see Anim. 5-1-22 )

contains 10 L of air at 20 o C. The cylinder has an internal diameter of 20 cm.
The piston is 2 cm thick and is made of steel with density of 7830 kg/m 3 . If the
atmospheric pressure is 101 kPa, determine (a) the heat and (b) work transfer
during the process. (c) What-if Scenario: What would the answers be if the
piston weight were neglected? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution]
Answers: (a) 3.585 kJ, (b) 1.025 kJ, (c) 3.53 kJ, 1.01 kJ
5-1-25 [piston-200kPa] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 0.1 kg of

refrigerant-12 as a saturated liquid. The piston is free to move, and its mass
maintains a pressure of 200 kPa on the refrigerant. Due to heat transfer from
the atmosphere, the temperature of the refrigerant gradually rises to the
atmospheric temperature of 25 o C. Calculate (a) the work transfer, (b) the heat
transfer, (c) the change of entropy of the refrigerant and (d) the entropy
generated in the system's universe. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 1.95 kJ, (b) 18.1 kJ, (c) 0.0688 kJ/K, (d) 0.0081 kJ/K
5-1-26 [water-2kg] A mass of 2 kg of liquid water is completely vaporized at a

constant pressure of 1 atm. Determine (a) the heat added. (b) What-if
Scenario: What would the heat added be if the pressure were 2 atm?
Answers: (a) 4514 kJ, (b) 4402kJ
5-1-27 [piston-500kPa] A frictionless piston is used to provide a constant

pressure of 500 kPa in a cylinder containing steam originally at 250 o C with a
volume of 3 m 3 . Determine (a) the final temperature if 3000 kJ of heat is
added and (b) the work done by piston. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution]
Answers: (a) 477 o C , (b) 680 kJ
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5-1-28 [piston-3600kJ] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 2 kg of liquid

water at 140 kPa and 25 o C. The water is then heated at a constant pressure by
the addition of 3600 kJ of heat. Determine (a) the final temperature, (b) the
entropy change of water during this process and (c) the boundary work.
Answers: (a) 109.2 o C, (b) 9.65 kJ/K, (c) 224.2 kJ
5-1-29 [piston-700kJ] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains liquid-vapor

mixture of water at 100 o C. During a constant pressure process, 700 kJ of heat
is transferred to the surrounding air at 25 o C. As a result, part of the water
vapor contained in the cylinder condenses. Determine (a) the entropy change of
the water and (b) the total entropy generated during this heat transfer process.
Answers: (a) -1.87 kJ/K, (b) 0.472 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-29(click)
5-1-30 [piston-340C] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 10 kg of

superheated vapor at 550 kPa and 340 o C. Steam is then cooled at constant
pressure until 60 percent of it, by mass, condenses. Determine (a) the work
done during the process. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the work done be if
steam were cooled at constant pressure until 80 percent of it, by mass,
condenses. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -2041.42 kJ, (b) -2417.93 kJ
5-1-31 [piston-850kPa] A piston-cylinder device contains 8 kg of

refrigerant-134a at 850 kPa and 70 o C. The refrigerant is then cooled at
constant pressure until it comes to thermal equilibrium with the atmosphere,
which is at 20 o C. Determine the amount of (a) heat transfer, (b) entropy
transfer into the atmosphere, (c) the change of entropy of the refrigerant and
(d) the entropy generated in the system's universe.
Answers: (a) -1814.5 kJ, (b) -6.191 kJ/K, (c) -5.875 kJ/K, (d) 0.211 kJ/K
5-1-32 [piston-3L] An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 3 L of saturated

liquid water at a constant pressure 180 kPa. An electric resistance heater inside
the cylinder is then turned on, 2000 kJ of energy is transferred to the water.
Determine (a) the final temperature, (b) the boundary work and (c) entropy
change of water in this process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 355 kPa, (b) 139.39 o C, (c) 46.6 kJ
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Anim. 5-1-32(click)
5-1-33 [piston-240V] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 20 g of

saturated water vapor at 300 kPa. A resistance heater is operated within the
cylinder with a current of 0.4 A from a 240 V source until the volume doubles. At
the same time a heat loss of 4 kJ occurs. Determine (a) the final temperature
and (b) the duration of the process. (c) What-if Scenario: What would the final
temperature be if the piston-cylinder device initially contained saturated water?
Answers: (a) 516.1 o C, (b) 207 sec, (c) 133.5 o C
5-1-34 [ice-1ton] An insulated container contains a 1 ton (US) block of ice at 0

o C. The insulation is removed, and the ice gradually melts to water and comes
to thermal equilibrium with the surroundings at 25 o C. Assuming the pressure to

remain constant at 100 kPa, determine (a) the boundary work and (b) the heat
transfer during the process. (c) What-if Scenario: By what percentage will the
heat transfer increase if the initial temperature of the ice block were -25 o C?
Answers: (a) -7.95 kJ, (b) 397.6 MJ, (c) 11.47%
Fig. 5-1-34
5-1-35 [ice-entropy] In the problem described above, determine (a) the change
of entropy of the system, (b) the entropy transfer from the surroundings and (c)
the entropy generation in the system's universe during the process.
Answers: (a) 1441 kJ/K, (b) 1334 kJ/K, (c) 107.28 kJ/K
â€¢ Temperature Regulated Processes
5-1-36 [piston-15C] A mass of 1.5 kg of air at 160 kPa and 15 o C is contained

in a gas-tight, frictionless piston-cylinder device. The air is then compressed to a
final pressure of 650 kPa. During the process heat is transferred from the air
such that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant. (a) Calculate the
work done during this process. Use the PG model for air. (b) What-if Scenario:
What would the work done be if the IG model were used?
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Answers: (a) -173.88 kJ, (b) No change
Anim. 5-1-36(click)
5-1-37 [piston-entropy] In the above problem determine (a) the change of

entropy of the air, (b) the entropy transferred into the atmosphere at 10 o C and
(c) the entropy generation in the system's universe during the compression
process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -0.6035 kJ/K, (b) 0.5834 kJ/K, (c) 0.0107 kJ/K
5-1-38 [nitrogen-25psia] Nitrogen at an initial state of 80 o F, 25 psia and 6 ft 3

is pressed slowly in an isothermal process to a final pressure of 110 psia.
Determine (a) the work done during the process. (b) What-if Scenario: What
would the work done be if the final pressure were 100 psia?
Answers: (a) -41.3 Btu, (b) -10.58 Btu
â€¢ Reversible and Irreversible Processes (Sec-1 Continued)
5-1-39 [piston-300kPa] An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 0.04 m 3 of

steam at 300 kPa and 200 o C. The steam is then compressed in a reversible
manner to a pressure of 1 MPa. Calculate (a) the work done. (b) What-if
Scenario: What would the work done be if the initial temperature were 800 o C?
Answers: (a) -12.83 kJ, (b) -13.20 kJ
Anim. 5-1-39(click)
5-1-40 [piston-cr10] Air at 20 o C, 95 kPa is compressed in a piston-cylinder

device of volume 1 L in a frictionless and adiabatic manner. If the volumetric
compression ratio is 10, determine (a) the final temperature and (b) the
boundary work transfer. Use the PG model for air. (c) What-if Scenario: What
would the final temperature and boundary work transfer be if the initial
temperature were 45 o ? [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 464 o C, (b) -0.36 kJ, (c) 526 o C, -0.36 kJ
5-1-41 [piston-cr5] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.1 m 3 of N 2 at
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100 kPa and 300 K. Determine the work transfer involved in compressing the
gas to one-fifth of its original volume in an (a) isothermal, (b) isentropic and (c)
isobaric manner. Show the processes on p-v diagrams. What-if Scenario: What
would the answers be if the IG model were used instead?
Answers: (a) -16.1 kJ, (b) -22.6 kJ, (c) -8.0 kJ, (d) -16.1 kJ, -22.5 kJ, -8.0 kJ
5-1-42 [piston-70F] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 10 ft 3 of argon

gas at 25 psia and 70 o F. Argon is then compressed in a polytropic process (pV n
= constant) to 70 psia and 300 o F. Determine (a) if the process is reversible,
impossible or irreversible. (b) Also determine the change of entropy for argon.
Answers: (a) Impossible, (b) -0.021 kJ/K
5-1-43 [piston-08kg] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.8 kg of O 2 at

100 kPa and 27 o C. It is then compressed in a polytropic process (pV 1.3 =
constant) to half the original volume. Determine (a) the change of entropy for
the system, (b) entropy transfer to the surroundings at 27 o C and (c) the
entropy generated in the system's universe due to this process. (d) What-if
Scenario: What would the answer in part (c) be if the surrounding temperature
were 0 o C? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 0.0370 kJ/K, (b) 0.0411 kJ/K, (c) 0.0041 kJ/K, (d) 0.0082 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-43(click)
5-1-44 [piston-30kJ] A cylinder fitted with a piston has an initial volume of 0.1
m 3 and contains nitrogen at 100 kPa, 25 o C. The piston is then compressing the
nitrogen until the pressure is 1.5 MPa and the temperature is 200 o C. During
this compression process heat is transferred from nitrogen to the atmosphere at
25 o C, and the work done on the nitrogen is 30 kJ. Determine (a) the amount of
heat transfer, (b) the change in entropy of nitrogen, (c) the amount of entropy
transferred into the atmosphere and (d) the entropy generation during the
process. Use the PG model for nitrogen. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -15.49 kJ, (b) -0.0370 kJ/K, (c) 0.0519 kJ/K, (d) 0.0149 kJ/K
5-1-45 [ball-entropy] A rubber ball of mass m is dropped from a height h on a

rigid floor. It bounces back and forth and finally comes to rest on the floor. What
is the entropy generation in the universe due to this irreversible phenomenon?
Assume the atmospheric temperature to be T 0 . [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution]
Answers: mgh/(1000T o ) kJ/K
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â€¢ Sequential Processes (Sec-1 Continued)
5-1-46 [spring-120kNm] A piston-cylinder device contains 40 kg of water at

150 kPa and 30 o C. The cross-sectional area of the piston is 0.1 m 2 . Heat is
then added causing some of the water to evaporate. When the volume reaches
0.2 m 3 , the piston reaches a linear spring with a spring constant of 120 kN/m.
More heat is added until the piston moves another 25 cm. Determine (a) the
final pressure, (b) final temperature and (c) the total heat transfer.
Answers: (a) 450 kPa, (b) 147.9 o C, (c) 82.1 MJ
Anim. 5-1-46(click)
5-1-47 [piston-02m3] A piston-cylinder device contains 40 kg of water at 150

kPa and 30 o C. The cross-sectional area of the piston is 0.1 m 2 . Heat is then
added causing some of the water to evaporate. When the volume reaches 0.2 m
3 , the piston reaches a spring with a constant spring constant. More heat is
added until the volume increases to 0.3 m 3 and the pressure increases to 1.35
MPa. Determine (a) the spring constant, (b) the final temperature and (c) the
total heat transfer. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 120 kN/m, (b) 193.4 o C, (c) 31.0 MJ
5-1-48 [piston-500C] If the heat addition takes place from a source at 500 o C
during the entire process in the above problem, determine (a) the change of
entropy of the steam, (b) entropy transfer from the source and (c) entropy
generated in the universe during the process.
Answers: (a) 80.64 kJ/K, (b) 40.13 kJ/K, (c) 40.50 kJ/K
5-1-49 [piston-0C] A mass of 10 kg of saturated liquid-vapor mixture of R-12 is

contained in a piston-cylinder device at 0 o C. Initially half of the mixture is in
the liquid phase. Heat is then transferred, the piston, which is resting on a stop-
ring, starts moving when the pressure reaches 500 kPa. Heat transfer continues
until the total volume doubles. Determine (a) the final pressure, (b) work and
(c) heat transfer in the entire process. Also, show the process on a p-v diagram.
Answers: (a) 500 kPa, (b) 140.3 kJ, (c) 1688.3 kJ
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Anim. 5-1-49(click)
5-1-50 [cylinder-10L] An insulated cylinder with a frictionless piston contains 10

L of air at ambient conditions, 100 kPa and 20 o C. A force is then applied on the
piston, compressing the gas until it reaches a set of stops, at which point the
cylinder volume is 1 L. The insulation is then removed from the walls, and the
gas cools down to the ambient temperature of 20 o C. Calculate (a) the work and
(b) heat transfer for the overall process. Also, show the process on a T-s
diagram. Use the PG model. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -3.78 kJ, (b) -3.78 kJ
Anim. 5-1-50(click)
5-1-51 [piston-380L] A piston-cylinder device with a set of stops contains 12 kg

of refrigerant-134a. Initially 9 kg of refrigerant is in the liquid form, and the
temperature is -12 o C. Heat is then transferred from the atmosphere at 25 o C
to the refrigerant until the piston hits the stop, at which point the volume is 380
L. Heat continued to transfer until the temperature of the refrigerant reaches the
atmospheric value. Determine (a) the final pressure, (b) the work transfer, (c)
the heat transfer and (d) the entropy generation during the entire process.
Answers: (a) 654.2 kPa, (b) 9.68 kJ, (c) 1945.7 kJ, (d) 0.4366 kJ/K
Anim. 5-1-51(click)
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Step 1: Launch the closed-process daemon (the

path name is displayed in TEST-codes) and select
the working fluid.
# Daemon Path:
Step 2: Evaluate the principal states as described
in the TEST-codes. For each state, select a state # Home>Daemons>Systems>Closed>Process>
number, enter the known properties in the given # Generic> Uniform>PC Model
units, and press the Enter key.
States {
Step 3: Set up the process(es) in the process panel State-1: R-134a;
Given: { T1= -12.0 deg-C; x1= 25.0 %; Vel1= 0.0 m/s; z1=
as described in the TEST-codes. For each process,
0.0 m; m1= 12.0 kg; }
select the beginning (b) and final (f) states. The
boundary work is automatically calculated for most
State-2: R-134a;
processes. Enter the known process variables (Q,
Given: { p2= "p1" kPa; Vel2= 0.0 m/s; z2= 0.0 m; m2= "m1"
W_O, W_B, T_B, S_gen), and Calculate. To update kg; Vol2= 380.0 L; }
the states (sometimes, a processs analysis prduces
an unknown state property, which is posted back to State-3: R-134a;
a partially evaluated state), use the Super- Given: { T3= 25.0 deg-C; Vel3= 0.0 m/s; z3= 0.0 m; m3=
Calculate button or re-calculate the affected states "m1" kg; Vol3= "Vol2" L; }
individually. }
Analysis {
Step 4: The results are displayed in the appropriate Process-A: b-State = State-1; f-State = State-2;
state or process panel. Use the I/O panel as a Given: { W_O= 0.0 kJ; T_B= 25.0 deg-C; }
calculator to evaluate any auxiliary variable. For a
what-if scenario, simply change the variable(s), Process-B: b-State = State-2; f-State = State-3;
Given: { W_O= 0.0 kJ; T_B= 25.0 deg-C; }
press the Enter key, and Super-Calculate to update
}
all states and processes.
Time Saver: To quickly reproduce the visual

solution, copy and paste the TEST-codes onto
the I/O panel of the appropriate daemon and
click the Load button.
5-1-52 [piston-cr2] A piston-cylinder device has a ring to limit the expansion

stroke. Initially, the mass of air is 2 kg at 500 kPa and 30 o C. Heat is then
transferred until the piston touches the stop, at which point the volume is twice
the original volume. More heat is transferred until the pressure inside doubles.
Using the IG model, determine (a) the amount of heat transfer and (b) the final
temperature. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution]
Answers: (a) 1631 kJ, (b) 939.4 o C
5-1-53 [ice-neg20C] An insulated container contains a 1 ton (US) (1 US ton is

907.2 kg) block of ice at -20 o C. The insulation is removed, and the ice
gradually melts to water and comes to thermal equilibrium with the surroundings
at 20 o C. Assuming the pressure to remain constant at 100 kPa, determine the
heat transfer during (a) the sensible heating of ice, (b) the melting of ice and (c)
the sensible heating of water. (c) What-if Scenario: If the melting of ice in part
(b) took a period of 24 hours, what is the rate of heat transfer in kW?
Answers: (a) 36.81 MJ, (b) 302.48 MJ, (c) 76.19 MJ, (d) 3.5 kW
13 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
Fig. 5-1-53
5-1-54 [processes-1kg] Three alternative processes shown in the accompanying

figure are suggested to change the state of one kg of air from 0.8 MPa, 25 o C
(state-1) to 0.3 MPa, 60 o C (state-5). (a) Process 1-2-5 consists of a constant
pressure expansion followed by a constant volume cooling, (b) process 1-3-5 an
isothermal expansion followed by a constant pressure expansion, and (c)
process 1-4-5 an adiabatic expansion followed by a constant volume heating.
Determine the work and heat transfer for each alternative. [Edit Problem]
Answers: (a) 194 kJ, 169 kJ, (b) 119 kJ, 94 kJ, (c) 101kJ, 76 kJ
Anim. 5-1-54(click)
Section-2: Closed Processes Involving Non-Uniform Mixing Systems
5-2-1 [tank-3kg] An insulated rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a
membrane. At the beginning, one part contains 3 kg of nitrogen at 500 kPa and
50 o C while the other part is completely evacuated. The membrane is punctured
and the gas expands into the entire tank. Determine the final (a) temperature
and (b) pressure. Use the PG model. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 50 o C, (b) 250 kPa
Anim. 5-2-1(click)
5-2-2 [tank-entropy] In the above problem, (a) determine the entropy

generated during the expansion process. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the
answer be if the temperature of nitrogen were 100 o C?
Answers: (a) 0.6175 kJ/K, (b) No change
5-2-3 [tank-1kg] An insulated rigid tank of volume 1 m 3 is separated into two

chambers by a membrane. One chamber contains 1 kg of saturated liquid water
at 100 kPa while the other chamber is completely evacuated. The membrane is
punctured and water expands to occupy the entire tank. Determine the final (a)
temperature and (b) pressure. (c) Determine the entropy generation in the
tank's universe. Use the PC model. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
14 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
Answers: (a) 51.7 o C, (b) 13.4 kPa, (c) 0.08 kJ/K
Anim. 5-2-3(click)
5-2-4 [tank-700kPa] A rigid, well insulated tank consists of two compartments,

each having a volume of 1.5 m 3 , separated by a valve. Initially, one of the
compartments is evacuated and the other contains nitrogen gas at 700 kPa and
100 o C. The valve is opened and nitrogen expands to fill the total volume,
eventually achieving an equilibrium state. Determine the final (a) temperature
and (b) pressure. Also determine (c) the entropy generated. Use the IG model.
Answers: (a) 100 o C, (b) 350 kPa, (c) 1.95 kJ/K
5-2-5 [cylinder-1m3] An insulated cylinder is divided into two parts of 1 m 3

each by a membrane. Side A has air at 200 kPa, 25 o C, and side B has air at 1
MPa, 1000 o C. The membrane is punctured so air comes to a uniform
temperature. Determine (a) final pressure and temperature, (b) the entropy
generated in this process. Use the PG model (c) What-if Scenario: What would
the answers be if the IG model were used? [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 600 kPa, 550 o C, (b) 0.854 kJ/K, (c) 620 kPa, 579 o C, 0.9195 kJ/K
5-2-6 [tank-2kg] A rigid tank has two compartments, one 500 times larger than
the other. The smaller part contains 2 kg of compressed liquid water at 1 MPa
and 25 o C, while the other part is completely evacuated. The partition is then
removed, and the water expands to fill the entire tank. Heat transfer with the
atmosphere at 25 o C is allowed, as a result, the final temperature after mixing
is 25 o C. Determine the final (a) pressure and (b) quality of the mixture. Also
find (c) the entropy change of water and (d) the entropy generation during the
process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 3.16 kPa, (b) 1.15%, (c) 0.1888 kJ/K, (d) 0.0106 kJ/K
5-2-7 [tank-50C] An insulated rigid tank has two compartments, one 100 times
larger than the other. The smaller part contains 2 kg of compressed liquid water
at 400 kPa and 50 o C, while the other part is completely evacuated. The
partition is then removed, and water expands to fill the entire tank. Determine
(a) the final pressure, (b) temperature, (c) entropy change of water and (d) the
entropy generation during the process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 10.2 kPa, (b) 46.2 o C, (c) 0.0068 kJ/K, (c) 0.0068 kJ/K
5-2-8 [tank-002m3] A tank whose volume is unknown is divided into two parts
by a partition. One side contains 0.02 m 3 of saturated liquid R-12 at 0.7 MPa,
while the other side is evacuated. The partition is then removed and R-12 fills up
the entire volume. If the final state is 200 kPa, 30 o C. Determine (a) the volume
of the tank and (b) the heat transfer. (c) What-if Scenario: What would the
15 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
volume of the tank be if the final state were 300 kPa and 30 o C.
Answers: (a) 2.6 m 3 , (b) 3298.2 kJ, (c) 1.7 m 3
5-2-9 [ice-neg15C] Four ice cubes (3 cm * 2 cm * 1 cm) at -15 o C are added to

an insulated glass of cola at 15 o C. The volume of cola is 1.5 L.Determine (a)
the equilibrium temperature and (b) the total entropy change for this process.
Answers: (a) 13.5 o C, (b) 0.0022 kJ/K
Fig. 5-2-9
5-2-10 [tanks-21C] Two tanks are connected by a valve and line. The volumes
are both 1 m 3 with R-134a at 21 o C, quality 25% in tank A and tank B is
evacuated. The valve is opened and saturated vapor flows from A to B until the
pressure becomes equal. The process occurs slow enough that all temperatures
remain at 21 o C during the process. Determine (a) the entropy generated and
(b) the total heat transfer. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 2.22 kJ/K, (b) 4719 kJ
5-2-11 [tank-90pct] A tank whose volume is unknown is divided into two parts
by a partition. One side contains 0.02 m 3 of saturated liquid R-12 at 0.7 MPa,
while the other side is evacuated. The partition is then removed and R-12 fills up
the entire volume. If the final state is 200 kPa, quality 90%, determine (a) the
volume of the tank, (b) the heat transfer and (c) the entropy generated. The
atmospheric temperature is 30 o C. (d) What-if Scenario: What would the heat
transfer be if the final pressure were 300 kPa?
Answers: (a) 1.95 m 3 , (b) 2328.5 kJ, (c) 3 kJ/K, (d) 2466.6 kJ
5-2-12 [tanks-15C] Two tanks are connected, tank A of 0.5 m 3 containing

hydrogen at 40 o C, 200 kPa is connected to tank B of 1 m 3 rigid tank containing
hydrogen at 20 o C, 600 kPa. The valve is opened and the system is allowed to
reach thermal equilibrium with the surroundings at 15 o C. Determine (a) the
final pressure, (b) heat transfer and (c) the entropy generated during the mixing
process. Use the PG model. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 454.5 kPa, (b) -44.98 kJ, (c) 0.24 kJ/K
16 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
Anim. 5-2-12(click)
5-2-13 [tanks-25C] Two rigid tanks are connected by a valve. Tank A contains
0.4 m 3 of water at 330 kPa and 90 percent quality. Tank B contains 0.5 m 3 of
water at 250 kPa and 250 o C. The valve is then opened, and the two tanks
eventually come to equilibrium while exchanging heat with the surroundings at
25 o C. Determine (a) the final pressure, (b) heat transfer and (c) the entropy
generation during the process. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 3.15 kPa, (b) -3122.14 kJ, (c) 1.99 kJ/K
5-2-14 [tanks-h2o] Two insulated tanks are connected, both containing H 2 O.

Tank-A is at 200 kPa, v = 0.4 m 3 /kg, V = 1 m 3 and tank B contains 3.5 kg at
0.5 MPa, 400 o C. The valve is then opened and the two come to a uniform state.
Find (a) the final pressure, (b) temperature and (c) the entropy generated by
the mixing process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 305.9 kPa, (b) 134.2 o C, (c) 0.85 kJ/K
5-2-15 [tanks-500kJ] Two rigid tanks are connected by a valve as shown in the
accompanying figure. Tank A is insulated and contains 0.1 m 3 of steam at 500
kPa and 90% quality. Tank B is uninsulated and contains 2 kg of steam at 100
kPa and 300 o C. The valve is then opened, and steam flows from tank A to tank
B. As the pressure in tank A drops to 300 kPa, the valve is closed. During the
process 500 kJ of heat is transferred from tank B to the surroundings at 25 o C.
Assuming the steam in tank A to have undergone a reversible adiabatic process
(isentropic), determine (a) the final temperature in each tank, (b) final pressure
in tank B and (c) the entropy generated in the system's universe.
Answers: (a) 133.6 o C, 132.1 o C (b) 74.1 kPa, (c) 0.7185 kJ/K
Anim. 5-2-15(click)
5-2-16 [tanks-10C] Two rigid tanks are connected by a valve. Tank A contains 1
m 3 of air at 1 MPa and 200 o C. Tank B contains 3 m 3 of air at 100 kPa and 25 o
C. The valve is then opened, and air flows from tank A to tank B. Before the two
gases comes to mechanical equilibrium, the valve is closed. After a sufficient
time, air in both tanks comes to thermal equilibrium with the surroundings at 10
o C. The pressure in tank A is measured as 500 kPa. Using the PG model for air,
17 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
determine (a) the final pressure in tank B, (b) the heat transfer and (c) the
entropy generated in the system's universe.
Answers: (a) 127.8 kPa, (b) -1040 kJ, (c) 1.39 kJ/K
5-2-17 [tank-120kPa] An insulated tank containing 0.5 m 3 of R-134a at 500

kPa and 90% quality is connected to an initially evacuated insulated piston-
cylinder device as shown in the accompanying figure. The force balance on the
piston is such that a pressure of 120 kPa is required to lift the piston. The valve
is then opened slightly and part of the refrigerant flows to the cylinder, pushing
the piston up. The process ends when the pressure in the tank drops to 120 kPa.
Assuming that the refrigerant in the tank undergoes an isentropic (reversible
and adiabatic) process, determine the final quality in the (a) tank and (b)
cylinder. Also calculate (c) the boundary work and (d) the entropy generated
during the process. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 0.898, (b) 0.974, (c) 188 kJ, (d) 0.6383 kJ/K
Anim. 5-2-17(click)
Section-3: Closed Process Involving Non-Uniform Non-Mixing Systems
5-3-1 [al-40kg] A 40 kg aluminum block at 90 o C is dropped into an insulated

tank that contains 0.5 m 3 of liquid water at 20 o C. Determine the equilibrium
temperature. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: 21.2 o C
Anim. 5-3-1(click)
5-3-2 [al-entropy] In the problem described above, determine the entropy

generated during the process. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: 0.87 kJ/K
5-3-3 [alFe-25kg] A 25 kg aluminum block initially at 225 o C is brought into

contact with a 25 kg block of iron at 150 o C in an insulating enclosure.
Determine (a) the equilibrium temperature and (b) the total entropy change for
this process.
18 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26

Answers: (a) 200 o C, (b) 0.097 kJ/K
Anim. 5-3-3(click)
5-3-4 [fe-782C] A half kg bar of iron, initially at 782 o C, is removed from an

oven and quenched by immersing it in a closed tank containing 10 kg of water
initially at 21 o C. Heat transfer from the tank can be neglected. Determine (a)
the equilibrium temperature and (b) the total entropy change for this process.
Answers: (a) 25.08 o C, (b) 0.29 kJ/K
5-3-5 [copper-15kg] A 15 kg block of copper at 100 o C is dropped into an

insulated tank that contains 1 m 3 of liquid water at 20 o C. Determine (a) the
equilibrium temperature and (b) the entropy generated in this process.
Answers: (a) 20.11 o C (b) 0.174 kJ/K
5-3-6 [fe-80C] An unknown mass of iron at 80 o C is dropped into an insulated

tank that contains 0.1 m 3 of liquid water at 20 o C. Meanwhile, a paddle wheel
driven by a 200 W motor is used to stir the water. When equilibrium is reached
after 20 min, the final temperature is 25 o C. Determine (a) the mass of the iron
block. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the mass be if the iron block were at
150 o C at the time of dropping. [Edit Problem] [Manual Solution] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 74.57 kg, (b) 31.81 kg
Anim. 5-3-6(click)
Section-4: Processes involving Open Systems
5-4-1 [tank-100kPa] An insulated rigid tank is initially evacuated. A valve is

opened and air at 100 kPa and 25 o C enters the tank until the pressure in the
tank reaches 100 kPa when the valve is closed. (a) Determine the final
temperature of the air in the tank. Use the PG model. (b) What-if Scenario:
What would the final temperature be if the IG model were used?
Answers: (a) 144.4 o C, (b) 142.9 o C
19 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
Anim. 5-4-1(click)
5-4-2 [tank-entropy] In the problem described above, determine the entropy

generated during the process if the volume of the tank is 2 m 3 .
Answers: 0.2821 kJ/K
5-4-3 [tank-3m2] A 3 m 3 tank initially contains air at 100 kPa and 25 o C. The
tank is connected to a supply line at 550 kPa and 25 o C. The valve is opened,
and air is allowed to enter the tank until the pressure in the tank reaches the
line pressure, at which point the valve is closed. A thermometer placed in the
tank indicates that the air temperature at the final state is 65 o C. Treating air as
a perfect gas, determine (a) the mass of air that has entered the tank, (b) the
heat transfer and (c) the entropy generated. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 13.49 kg, (b) -665.4 kJ, (c) 2.7 kJ/K
Anim. 5-4-3(click)
5-4-4 [tank-2MPa] An insulated rigid tank is initially evacuated. It is then

connected through a valve to a supply line that carries steam at 2 MPa and 350 o
C. The valve is then opened, and steam is allowed to flow slowly into the tank
until the pressure reaches 2 Mpa, at which point the valve is closed. Determine
the final temperature of the steam in the tank. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: 512 o C
5-4-5 [tank-8m3] A completely evacuated, insulated, rigid tank with a volume

of 8 m 3 is filled from a steam line transporting steam at 450 o C and 3.5 MPa.
Determine (a) the temperature of steam in the tank when its pressure reaches
3.5 MPa. Also find (b) the mass of the steam that flows into the tank.
Answers: (a) 630.2 o C
5-4-6 [tank-02m3] A 0.2 m 3 tank initially contains R-12 at 1 MPa and x = 1.

The tank is charged to 1.2 MPa, x = 0 from a supply line that carries R-12 at 1.5
20 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
MPa and 30 o C. Determine (a) the final temperature and (b) the heat transfer.
[Edit Problem]
Answers: (a) 49 o C, (b) 2803 kJ
Anim. 5-4-6(click)
5-4-7 [entropy-50C] In the charging process described above, determine (a)

the change of entropy of refrigerant in the tank and (b) the entropy generation
by the device and its surroundings. Assume the surrounding temperature to be
50 o C. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 65.36 kJ/K, (b) 1.199 kJ/K
5-4-8 [tank-05m3] A 0.5 m 3 rigid tank initially contains refrigerant-134a at 0.8

MPa and 100 percent quality. The tank is connected by a valve to a supply line
that carries refrigerant-134a at 1.5 MPa and 30 o C. Then the valve is opened
and the refrigerant is allowed to enter the tank. The valve is closed when it is
observed that the tank contains saturated liquid at 1.5 MPa. Determine (a) the
heat transfer and (b) mass of refrigerant that has entered the tank.
Answers: (a) 16563 kJ, (b) 518.7 kg
5-4-9 [piston-400kPa] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.1 m 3 of

steam at 200 o C. The force on the piston is such that it maintains a constant
pressure of 400 kPa inside. Due to heat rejection to the ambient air, the
temperature of the steam drops down to 25 o C. To restore the steam
temperature to its original value, superheated steam from a supply line at 1
MPa, 600 o C is introduced through a valve into the cylinder as shown in the
accompanying figure. Neglecting any heat transfer during this charging process,
determine (a) the heat transfer during the cooling process and (b) the mass of
steam introduced. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) -515.8 kJ, (b) 0.453 kg
Anim. 5-4-9(click)
5-4-10 [piston-001m3] An insulated piston-cylinder device initially contains

0.01 m 3 of steam at 200 o C. The force on the piston is such that it maintains a
21 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
constant pressure of 400 kPa inside. A valve is then opened and steam at 1 MPa,
200 o C is allowed to enter the cylinder until the volume inside increases to 0.04
m 3 . Determine (a) the final temperature of the steam and (b) the amount of
mass transfer. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 189 o C (b) 0.058 kg
5-4-11 [piston-200kPa] An insulated piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.2

m 3 of R-134a, half (by volume) of which is in the vapor phase. The mass of the
piston maintains a constant pressure of 200 kPa inside. A valve is then opened
and all the liquid refrigerant is allowed to escape. Determine (a) the mass of
liquid refrigerant in the beginning, (b) the mass withdrawn and (b) the entropy
generated during the process. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 132.5 kg, (b) 132.5 kg, (c) 0 kW/K
Anim. 5-4-11(click)
5-4-12 [tank-200C] A 0.5 m 3 tank initially contains saturated liquid water at

200 o C. A valve in the bottom of the tank is opened and half the liquid is
drained. Heat is transferred from a source at 300 o C to maintain constant
temperature inside the tank. Determine (a) the heat transfer. (b) What-if
Scenario: What would the heat transfer be if the 0.5 m 3 tank initially contained
saturated liquid water at 100 o C? [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 3843 kJ, (b) 339 kJ
5-4-13 [entropy-200C] In the problem described above, determine the entropy

generated in the system's universe during the discharge. [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: 1.41 kJ/K
Anim. 5-4-13(click)
5-4-14 [cooker-40psia] A 0.2 ft 3 pressure cooker has an operating pressure of

40 psia. Initially, 50% of the volume is filled with vapor and the rest with liquid
22 de 23 2/12/2019 13:26
water. Determine (a) the heat transfer necessary to vaporize all the water in the
cooker. (b) What-if Scenario: What would the heat transfer be if initially 20%
of the volume were filled with vapor? [Edit Problem] [TEST Solution]
Answers: (a) 5445 Btu, (b) 8713 Btu
Anim. 5-4-14(click)
Version No: 13; Last Updated: 2010-11-12 Copyright 1998-2010: Subrata

22:06:48 Bhattacharjee
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Engineering Thermodynamics: Problems and Solutions, Chapter-5 http://romulus.sdsu.edu/testcenterdev/testhome/Test/problems/chapter05...

Section-1: Simple Processes Involving Closed Uniform Systems

â€¢ Constant Volume Processes

Answers: (a) 63 kJ, (b) 123.2 kJ

5-1-4 [al-90C] A block of aluminum with m = 0.5 kg, T = 20 o C is dropped into

5-1-5 [tank-08m3] A 0.8 m 3 rigid tank initially contains refrigerant-12 in the

Answers: (a) -6.27 o C, (b) 29.69 kg, (c) -4787.12 kJ

5-1-6 [tank-50m3] A rigid tank of volume 50 m 3 contains superheated steam

5-1-7 [tank-10m3] A rigid tank of volume 10 m 3 contains superheated steam

Answers: (a) -92.54 MJ, (b) 80.825 kJ/K

5-1-8 [tank-140kPa] A rigid tank contains 3.2 kg of refrigerant-134a initially at

Answers: (a) -43.4 kJ, (b) -88 kJ

5-1-10 [radiator-25L] A steam radiator has a volume of 25 L and is filled with

Answers: (a) -27.09 kJ, (b) -61.3 kJ

5-1-11 [radiator-15L] The radiator of a steam heating system has a volume of

Answers: (a) -21.66 kJ, (b) -0.056 kJ/K

5-1-12 [radiator-250C] A steam radiator has a volume of 20 L and is filled up

Answers: (a) 2.34 kPa, (b) 0.025 kJ/K

5-1-13 [tank-6kg] A well-insulated rigid tank contains 6 kg of saturated liquid

5-1-14 [tank-45pct] A 0.4 m 3 rigid tank contains refrigerant-134a initially at

5-1-15 [tank-1000kJ] A rigid tank with 3 kg of H 2 O at 150 kPa, x = 0.2 is

5-1-16 [tank-5MPa] A rigid tank contains 1 kg of H 2 O at 100 kPa and x = 0.1.

Answers: (a) 1567 o C, (b) 4621 kJ

5-1-17 [tank-01kW] An insulated rigid tank contains 1.5 kg of helium at 30 o C

Answers: (a) 68.5 o C, (b) 563 kPa, (c) 0.559 kJ/K

5-1-18 [tank-3kg] A 2 m 3 insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of carbon dioxide

5-1-19 [paddle-800kJ] Air is contained in an insulated, rigid volume at 25 o C

Answers: (a) 1.92 kJ/K, (b) 335.6 kPa, (c) 282.7 o C

5-1-20 [fan-100W] A person living in a 4m x 5m x 5m room turns on a 100-W

Answers: (a) 51.8 o C, (b) 40.9 o C

â€¢ Pressure Regulated Processes (Sec-1 Continued)

5-1-21 [piston-001kg] A piston-cylinder device contains 0.01 kg of steam at a

Answers: (a) 20.32 kJ, (b) 19.61 kJ

5-1-22 [satVapor-10kg] A mass of 10 kg of saturated water vapor at 300 kPa is

Answers: (a) 1742.56 kJ, (b) 7606 kJ, (c) -37.44 kJ

5-1-23 [satVapor-2ndLaw] In problem 5-1-22 , determine the minimum

5-1-24 [piston-10L] A vertical piston-cylinder assembly (see Anim. 5-1-22 )

5-1-25 [piston-200kPa] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 0.1 kg of

5-1-26 [water-2kg] A mass of 2 kg of liquid water is completely vaporized at a

Answers: (a) 4514 kJ, (b) 4402kJ

5-1-27 [piston-500kPa] A frictionless piston is used to provide a constant

Answers: (a) 477 o C , (b) 680 kJ

5-1-28 [piston-3600kJ] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 2 kg of liquid

Answers: (a) 109.2 o C, (b) 9.65 kJ/K, (c) 224.2 kJ

5-1-29 [piston-700kJ] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains liquid-vapor

Answers: (a) -1.87 kJ/K, (b) 0.472 kJ/K

5-1-30 [piston-340C] A frictionless piston-cylinder device contains 10 kg of

Answers: (a) -2041.42 kJ, (b) -2417.93 kJ

5-1-31 [piston-850kPa] A piston-cylinder device contains 8 kg of

5-1-32 [piston-3L] An insulated piston-cylinder device contains 3 L of saturated

Answers: (a) 355 kPa, (b) 139.39 o C, (c) 46.6 kJ

5-1-33 [piston-240V] A piston-cylinder device initially contains 20 g of

Answers: (a) 516.1 o C, (b) 207 sec, (c) 133.5 o C

5-1-34 [ice-1ton] An insulated container contains a 1 ton (US) block of ice at 0

to thermal equilibrium with the surroundings at 25 o C. Assuming the pressure to

Answers: (a) -7.95 kJ, (b) 397.6 MJ, (c) 11.47%

â€¢ Temperature Regulated Processes

5-1-36 [piston-15C] A mass of 1.5 kg of air at 160 kPa and 15 o C is contained

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