Name: ________________________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________
Section: _________________ MATH 403_FerryMayGM
A. Probability 3. A firm is accustomed to training operators who do
certain tasks on a production line. Those operators
1. A man has two kidneys. He only needs one who attend the training course are known to be
functioning kidney to live. It has been estimated able to meet their production quotas 90% of the
that during his lifetime, his left kidney can be time. New operators who do not take the training
reliable with a 95% probability; his right kidney is course only meet their quotas 65% of the time.
slight stronger with a 98% probability. What is the Fifty percent of new operators attend the course.
probability that the man dies of kidney failure? Given that a new operator meets his production
quota, what is the probability that he (or she)
Solution: attended the program?
Solution:
4. A large industrial firm has three partner waste
2. The probability that an airplane accident which is
treatment facilities for their environment
due to structural failure is diagnosed correctly is
compliance. From past experience it is known that
0.9 and the probability that an airplane accident
30% of their chemical wastes are treated at
which is not due to structural failure is diagnosed
CleanUp, 47% at BioConvert, and remaining at
incorrectly as being due to structural failure is 0.4.
HazardFree. Compliance rates of the facility of
If 25% of all airplane accidents are due to
CleanUp, BioConvert, and HazardFree are 95%,
structural failures, find the probability that an
94%, and 97%, respectively. If the large industrial
accident is due to structural failure, given that it
firm received a notice coming from the
has been diagnosed as being due to structural
Environmental Protection Office, what is the
failure.
probability that the problem was caused by
Solution:
BioConvert?
B. Random Variables
1. The probability distribution of sales of a new drug in units per day is given by:
𝑘
f (x) = for x = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
𝑥2
a. What is the probability of selling 2 units of the drug in one day?
b. What is the probability that at least 3 units are sold in one day?
c. What is the probability that 3 units of the drug will be sold within a period of 2 days?
Q2.a: ME 2101 & 2103
2.a. From a package of components containing 3 assemblies, 2 sub-assemblies, and 3 spare parts a random sample of 4 pieces of
components is selected. If X is the number of assemblies and Y is the number of sub-assemblies in the sample, find
a. the joint probability distribution of X and Y;
b. P [ ( X,Y ) € A ], where A is the region that is given by { ( x,y ) / x + y ≤ 2 }.
Q2.b: ME 2104 & 2105
2.b From a pack of M&M candies, a random sample of 5 is selected. There are 4 orange-, 3 red-, 3 blue- and 2 yellow-colored
candies. If X is the number of orange-colored and Y is the number of blue-flavored candy, find
a. Joint probability distribution of X and Y
b. P [(X,Y) E A], where A is the region {(x,y) / x + y <= 1}
Q2.c: ME 2106 & 2108
2.c From a jar containing flavored candies, a random sample of 4 is selected. There are 5 mint-, 4 fruit- and 3 gummy-flavored
candies. If X is the number of mint-flavored and Y is the number of gummy-flavored candy, find
a. Joint probability distribution of X and Y
b. P [(X,Y) E A], where A is the region {(x,y) / x + y <= 1}
Solution:
2. Consider the following joint probability density function of the random variables X and Y:
a. ME 2103, 2104 and 2105
3𝑥 − 𝑦 b. ME 2106, 2107 and 2108
𝑓 (𝑥, 𝑦) = { 9 , 1 < 𝑥 < 3, 1 < 𝑦 < 2
0, 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒
Find: P ( 1.5 < x < 2, 1 < y < 2.5 ) Find P ( 1 < X < 2 / 2 < X < 3 ).
Solution:
Discrete Probability Functions
1. The sales volume of a particular company in a given month has the following probability distribution:
Sales Volume Probability
High 60%
Medium 30%
Low 10%
In a given year, what is the probability that there are 6 months with high sales volume, 4 months with medium sales
volume and 2 months with low sales?
2. In testing a batch of equipment it was found out that 10% is being rejected at the last stage. Of the next batch with a total
of 20 units, find the probability that at most two units will fail.
3. In a quality inspection test, finding two out of twenty units means that the entire lot must be rejected. What is the
probability that the lot will be trashed after inspecting the fourth unit?
4. Your name is written on a piece of paper and placed in a voting box along with 15 other people’s names. What is the
probability that when a piece of paper is drawn out from the box, the name written is not yours?
5. To avoid detection at customs, a traveler places 6 narcotic tablets in a bottle containing 9 vitamin pills that are similar in
appearance. If the customs official selects 3 of the tablets at random for analysis, what is the probability that the traveler
will be arrested for illegal possession of narcotics?
6. A secretary makes 2 errors per page, on average. What is the probability that on the next page he or she will make 4 or
more errors?
7. In airport luggage screening it is known that 3% of people screened have questionable objects in their luggage. What is
the probability that a string of 15 people pass through successfully before an individual is caught with a questionable
object?
8. A health and safety committee has 14 members with equal numbers of males and females. Of the male members, only
two had belonged to the committee last year. Of the female, four belonged to the committee last year. If eight members
are chosen at random from all 14 members in order to represent the company in a Safety Consciousness Training, what
is the probability that equal numbers from each of the four groups are included?
MATTHEW 22: 37-38
“ 37 Jesus said unto him,
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart,
and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
38 This is the first and greatest commandment.”
