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X Math Ch8 Introduction To Trigonometry Chapter Notes Nov

This document provides an introduction to trigonometry, including key definitions, concepts, formulae, and diagrams. It defines trigonometry as the study of relationships between sides and angles of triangles. The top concepts explain the etymology of trigonometry and properties like how trigonometric ratios do not vary with side lengths but only angle measures. Important formulae presented include the definitions of the six trigonometric ratios and relations between them, as well as ratios for complementary angles. Accompanying diagrams illustrate a right triangle and table of ratio values at standard angle measures.

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521 views3 pages

X Math Ch8 Introduction To Trigonometry Chapter Notes Nov

This document provides an introduction to trigonometry, including key definitions, concepts, formulae, and diagrams. It defines trigonometry as the study of relationships between sides and angles of triangles. The top concepts explain the etymology of trigonometry and properties like how trigonometric ratios do not vary with side lengths but only angle measures. Important formulae presented include the definitions of the six trigonometric ratios and relations between them, as well as ratios for complementary angles. Accompanying diagrams illustrate a right triangle and table of ratio values at standard angle measures.

Uploaded by

graciousparul
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

X
Mathematics
Chapter 8: Introduction to Trigonometry

Top Definitions

1. Trigonometry is the study of relationship between the sides and the


angles of the triangle.

2. Ratio of the sides of the right triangle with respect to the acute angles
is called trigonometric ratios of the angle.

3. Pythagoras theorem: In a right triangle, square of the hypotenuse is


equal to the sum of the square of the other two sides.

Top Concepts

1. Trigonometry is the combination of three Greek words ‘Tri (Three) +


gon (sides) + metron (measure)’.

2. When any two sides of a right triangle are given, its third side can be
obtained by using Pythagoras theorem.

3. Angle measured in anticlockwise direction is taken as positive angle.

4. Angle measured in clockwise direction is taken as negative angle.

5. The values of the trigonometric ratios of an angle do not vary with the
length of the sides of the triangle, if the angles remain the same.

6. The value of sin A or cos A never exceeds 1, whereas the value of sec
A or cosec A is always greater than 1 or equal to 1.

7. Each trigonometric ratio is a real number. It has no unit.

8. Only symbol cosine, sine, tangent, cotangent, sec and cosec has no
meaning.

sin
n
9. is generally written as sinn  , n being a positive integer.
Similarly other trigonometric ratios can also be written.

10. The value of sin  increases from 0 to 1 when  increases from 00 to


900.

11. The value of cos  decreases from 1 to 0 when  increases from 00 to


900.

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Top Formulae

sec    cos 
1
1.  cos1 

2. Trigonometric ratio’s
si dopposite to A p
(i) sin A  
hypotenuse h
side adjacent to A b
(ii) cos A  
hypotenuse h
side adjacent to A p
(iii) tan A  
side opposite to A b
hypotenuse h
(iv) cos ecA  
side opposite to A p
hypotenuse h
(v) s ecA  
side adjacent to A b
side adjacent to A b
(vi) co t A  
side opposite to A p

3. Relation between trigonometry ratios


sin 
(vii) tan  
cos 
1
(viii) cos ec  
sin 
1
(ix) s ec  
co s 
1 co s 
(x) cot   
tan  sin 

4. Trigonometric ratios of complementary angles


(i) sin (90 – A) = cos A
(ii) cos (90 – A) = sin A
(iii) tan (90 – A) = cot A
(iv) cot (90 – A) = tan A
(v) sec (90 – A) = cosec A
(vi) cosec (90 – A) = sec A

5. Trigonometric Identities
(i) sin2   co s2   1
(ii) 1  tan2   sec2 
(iii) 1  cot2   sec2 

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Top Diagrams

1. Sides of right triangle

2. Values of Trigonometric ratios:

A 0o 30o 45o 60o 90o


sin A 0 1 1 3 1
2 2 2
cos A 1 3 1 1 0
2 2 2

tan A 0 1 1 3 Not defined


3

cosec A Not defined 2 2 2 1


3

sec A 1 2 2 2 Not defined


3

cot A Not defined 3 1 1 0


3

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