Subsea MPFM
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Tg TarroSubsea MPFM
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Tg TarroSPE Inwell Flow Surveillance & Control Seminar
Delivering Surveillance Solutions and Driving Well
Performance through Flow Control
SUBSEA MULTIPHASE FLOW METER
OPTICAL INWELL FLOWMETER & WATER CUT
Mario Toro
Flow Measurements Product Line Manager – Europe/ Caspian and Africa
3rd October 2017
Slide 2
OUTLINE
• Historical Background / Motivation
• Measurement Principles
• Flow Loop Tests
• Summary of Results
• Conclusions and Benefits
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 3
Historical Background / Motivation
• 1998 – First NIR water-cut meter introduced
• 2000 – First optical flowmeter (OFM) in deep-water, GoM
• 2000-2016 – World-wide installations of OFMs and water-
cut meters
• 2010 – Subsea water-cut meter development started
• 2012 – Upon success of OFM and WC meter, hybrid
approach introduced
• 2014 – Hybrid system was tested in multiphase loop
• 2015 – Analysis completed, performance verified
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 4
Subsea MPFM – Operating Principles
(Component Level)
Optical FM
• Velocity NIR Water-Cut meter
• Sound Speed • WLR
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 5
Downhole Optical Flowmeter – Technology
• Turbulent pipe flow contains eddies (vortical structures)
• Eddies exert dynamic pressure onto pipe causing strain
• Sensors outside the pipe track eddies and sound waves
Copyright 2017 Weatherford Proprietary
NIR Water-Cut How Does it Work?
1950
nm
1110 1450
nm nm
1632
nm
1730
nm
5th optical filter (channel) allows:
3 phase (>20% GVF), or,
very low water content application
Slide 7
Subsea MPFM – Operating Principles
(System Level)
• Optical flowmeter
o Velocity
o Speed of Sound (SoS)
• NIR water-cut meter
o Water cut (WLR)
• SoS/WLR Holdup (HL)
o WLR, HL phase fractions
• Velocity total flow rate, Q
• Phase flow rates Qo, Qg, Qw
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 8
Flow Loop Tests – Facility
Porsgrunn multiphase flow loop
(September 8 – 18, 2014)
Courtesy of Statoil OFM
NIR water-cut meter
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 9
Flow Loop Tests – Test Matrix
• Test duration: 10 days, 84 test points
• Test conditions: P=100 bar, T=55 °C
• Oil phase: 61% heavy oil + 39% diesel
• Average acquisition time: 12 minutes
• 1-P (single-phase), 2-P, and 3-P (multiphase)
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 10
Summary of Results – Component Level
Velocity SoS WLR
NIR Water-Cut Meter
Optical Flowmeter (downhole)
(subsea)
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Slide 11
Summary of Results – System Level
total flow rates gas rates oil rates
(0%<GVF<100%) (0%<GVF<100%) (0%<GVF<75%)
• Total flow rates are within ±5% (0<GVF<100%)
• Gas flow rates are within ±10% (0<GVF<100%)
• Oil and water flow rates are within ±10% (0<GVF<75%)
• Test conditions can be improved
o Oil phase issues (2-phase, density variation due to foaming) water rates
o More acquisition time between extreme points (human err) (0%<GVF<75%)
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
Optical FM Performance & Capabilities
Optical FM Performance Optical FM Options
Zonal Isolation in water, gas, or WAG injectors.
Single phase liquid: +/- 1%
Single-Phase An integrated P/T gauge is recommended but
Accuracy Single phase gas: +/- 1%
not compulsory. P/T gauge is compulsory for
Multiphase: +/- 5%
gas injectors.
Repeatability Low Standard Deviation L/L or G/L with integrated optical P/T gauge
Excellent Two-Phase
G/L/L; Two Phase flowmeter with a secondary
Turndown ratio Approximately 30:1
Three-Phase P/T gauge above the flowmeter to resolve the
three phases measurements
Optical FM Track Record :
Platform & Subsea Wells = 100
Water Cut Meter Performance & Capabilities
Water-Cut Range
GVF Level Additional Measurements
and Accuracy
GVF < 20 % 0 – 100 % Water Detection
( Liquid / Liquid Service) ±1 %a
Hydrate Inhibitor – Water-Oil Concentrationb
20 % < GVF < 98 % 0 – 100 %
Slug Detection
(Multiphase Flow Service) ±2 %a
Water Detection
MEG– Water-Oil Concentrationbc
GVF > 98 % 0 – 100 % Slug Detection
(Wet Gas Service) ±10 %a Water Fraction Tracking
Water Detectiond
a Error given in absolute terms
NIR-Water Cut Track Record : b Methanol or any common hydrate inhibitor
Subsea = 20 + 10 on Order c Methanol-water concentration measurement uncertainty ±10%
Topside/Land =+3,000 d Water detection limit is 0.25 bbl/MMscfd.
Slide 14
Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter – Benefits
• Wide range of applications (subsea, onshore, offshore)
• Nonnuclear, optical solution
• Zonal allocation in multizone wells
• High turndown ratio
• Bidirectional measurement
• Orientation free (any installation angle in the well)
• Better mixing of phases for robust flow measurement
• Less intrusive and solid-tolerant measurement
• Modularity
• Form factor and weight
• Production optimization
• Economics
SPE-182378-MS • Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter: Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop • Ӧ. Haldun Ünalmis
SPE Inwell Flow Surveillance & Control Seminar
Delivering Surveillance Solutions and Driving Well
Performance through Flow Control
Thank You / Questions
SPE-182378-MS
Subsea Multiphase Flowmeter:
Performance Tests in Multiphase Flow Loop
Authors: Acknowledgments
• Ö. Haldun Ünalmis
JIP participants: Statoil, ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company, Weatherford
• `Vishal V. Raul
• Vijay Ramakrishnan Porsgrunn Multiphase Flow Loop operators and engineers
