Code No: K0122 R07 Set No.

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*******
1. a) Discuss in detail about origin of ground water.
b) Calculate the fresh water flow in a coastal aquifer extending to a length of
40 km along the coast, assuming an average permeability of 40 m3/day/ m2,
average thickness of aquifer of 20 m, and the piezometric gradient at 5 m/km.

2. a) Distinguish between ‘ground surface contours’ and ‘water table contour’.

Explain how the water table contours are prepared and state their uses
b) How permeability is measured in laboratory?

3. A tube well taps an artesian aquifer. Find its yield in litres per hour for a
drawdown of 3 m when the diameter of the well is 20 cm and the thickness of
the aquifer is 30 m. Assume the coefficient of permeability to be 35 m/day.
If the diameter of the well is doubled find the percentage increase in the yield,
the other conditions remaining the same. Assume the radius of influence as
300 m in both cases.

4. How yield of an open well is determined using

a) Recuperation test, and
b) Pumping test

5. A pump test was conducted on a fully penetrating well in a non-leaky artesian aquifer.
Determine the drawdown in an observation well at 10, 50 and 200 min from the time
of staring the pump, given the following data:
Constant discharge from the well= 2800 lpm
Distance of observation well from the pumping well = 20 m
Storage coefficient of aquifer = 7.24 x ͳͲିସ
Transmissibility of aquifer = 1500 lpm/m

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 1

6. Discuss in detail how Aerial Photogrammetry techniques are used in ground

water studies.

7. Explain in detail various ground water recharge methods and their relative merits.

8. Discuss conjuctive use of surface and ground waters in optimum development

of water resources

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 2
IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011
GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*******
1. a) Explain various rock properties effecting ground water.
b) Distinguish between
(i) Aquifer and Aquifuge
(ii) darcy velocity and actual velocity
(iii) Aquiclude and Aquitard
(iv) Groundwater and perched groundwater

2. a) An aquifer has an average thickness of 50 m and an aerial extent of 150 ha.

Estimate the available ground water storage if the aquifer is unconfined and
fluctuation in GWT is observed as 10 m.
b) State Darcy’s law and its limitations.

3. In a given year over 60 km2 catchment, 120 cm of rainfall was received and
1000 ha-m was
(i) discharged through the outlet. The ground water table rose by 30 cm and the
average specific
(ii) yield of the soil was 18%. The soil moisture increased by 5 cm on an average.
Estimate the
(iii) evapotranspiration during the year.

4. a) With a neat sketch and adopting usual notation, derive an expression for the
steady state discharge of a well penetrating fully in a unconfined aquifer.
b) List out the assumptions made in the analysis of steady radial flow into well.

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 2

5. A 25 cm well 70 m deep is proposed in an aquifer having a transmissibility of 1.5x105

lpd/m and a coefficient of storage of 0.004. The static water level is expected to be 20 m
below ground level. Assuming a pumping rate of 2000 lpm, what will be the drawdown
in the well after (a) 1 year, (b) 2 years?

6. a) Sketch Wenner electrode arrangement and Schlumberger electrode arrangements.

b) What are the advantages of ground water compare to surface water.

7. Discuss in detail how Remote Sensing and GIS techniques are used in artificial
recharge of groundwater.

8. Discuss concept of conjunctive use and list out various advantages of conjunctive use.

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 3

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks
*******
1. a) An aquifer averages 50 m in thickness and is 100 ha in area. Determine the
volume in ha-m of water available if
(i) the aquifer is unconfined and is completely drained
(ii) the aquifer is confined and the piezometric head is lowered from 30 m to 10 m
above the
(iii) aquifer.
Assume Sy = 15%, ܵ ൌ ʹ ൈ  ͳͲିସ
b) Distinguish between
i). Specific retention and specific yield
ii). Confined aquifer and unconfined aquifer

2. Derive differential equation governing ground water flow in three dimensions.

3. In a recuperation test, the static water level in an open well was depressed by pumping
by 3 m and it recuperated 1.5 m in 1 hour. If the diameter of the well is 2.5 m and the
safe working depression head is 2.4 m, find the average yield of the well in lpm.

4. a) List out the assumptions made in the THEIS equation.

b) Write down the Theis equation for unsteady radial flow into a well in a confined
aquifer. Explain each term in the equation.

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 3

5. A pump test was conducted on a fully penetrating well in a non-leaky artesian aquifer.
Determine the drawdown in an observation well at 10, 50 and 200 min from the time of
staring the pump, given the following data:
(i) Constant discharge from the well= 2800 lpm
(ii) Distance of observation well from the pumping well = 20 m
(iii) Storage coefficient of aquifer = 7.24 x ͳͲିସ
(iv) Transmissibility of aquifer = 1500 lpm/m

6. Explain the following with a neat sketch.

(i) Electrical resistivity method
(ii) Seismic refraction method

7. a) With a neat diagram explain upcoming of salt water beneath a pumped well.
b) How do you control sea water intrusion

8. Discuss conjuctive use of surface and ground waters in optimum development of

water resources.

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 Code No: K0122 R07 Set No. 4

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT
(Civil Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions

All Questions carry equal marks
*******
1. a) Explain in detail about ground water hydrological cycle.
b) Distinguish between
a) Water table and piezometric surface
b) Vadose zone and phreatic zone
c) Artesian well and flowing well
d) Pumping test and recovery test

2. a) During a falling head permeability test on a soil sample of 10 cm diameter and

20 cm length, the head in the stand pipe of 2 cm diameter dropped from 50 cm
to 25 cm in 2 min. Determine the permeability of the sample.
b) Distinguish between
i). Transmissivity and storativity
ii). Darcy velocity and actual velocity

3. A well penetrates into an unconfined aquifer having a saturated depth of 50 m.

The discharge is 250 1pm at 8 m drawdown. What would be the discharge at 10 m
drawdown. The radius of influence in both the cases may be taken as same.

4. Explain, with a neat sketch, the Cooper and Jacob method of determining the
aquifer parameters

5. A 25 cm well 70 m deep is proposed in an aquifer having a transmissibility

of 1.5x105 lpd/m and a coefficient of storage of 0.004. The static water level is
expected to be 20 m below ground level. Assuming a pumping rate of 2000 lpm,
what will be the drawdown in the well after (a) 1 year, (b) 2 years?

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 Set No. 4
Code No: K0122 R07
6. Explain the following
a) Geophysical logging
b) Resistivity logging

7. a) Explain with a neat sketch fresh water-salt water interface.

b) With a neat sketch discuss upconing

8. Discuss concept of conjunctive use and list out various advantages of conjunctive use.

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