Scribd
Upload
45 views13 pages

Introduction To Building Structures

This document provides an overview of building construction structural systems and classifications. It discusses the major categories of low-rise, high-rise, and long-span structures. Common structural systems are then described, including bearing walls, post and lintel, frame, membrane, and suspension. Specific examples of bearing wall construction materials are also outlined, such as adobe, wood, brick, and reinforced concrete.

Uploaded by

Moses Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
45 views13 pages

Introduction To Building Structures

This document provides an overview of building construction structural systems and classifications. It discusses the major categories of low-rise, high-rise, and long-span structures. Common structural systems are then described, including bearing walls, post and lintel, frame, membrane, and suspension. Specific examples of bearing wall construction materials are also outlined, such as adobe, wood, brick, and reinforced concrete.

Uploaded by

Moses Kim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Building Construction

Introduction to
Building Structures
LECTURE OUTLINE

Structural system
Major classification
Classification by type

Building Construction
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

It is the physical model or body that serves as a


framework for structural elements, and that reflects a
way of working.

An object can have a mixture of structural systems.


MAJOR CATEGORIES

Low-rise High-rise Long-span


CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE

Bearing-wall Post and lintel Frame Membrane Suspension


Wall that carries System in which two Structure in which Structure with a Building structures 
the load of floors upright members, weight is carried by thin, flexible surface in which the main 
and roof above in the posts, hold up a a skeleton or (membrane) that elements that 
addition to its own third member, the framework, as carries loads support the load 
weight. lintel, laid opposed to being primarily through (wires, cables, chains,
horizontally across supported by walls. tensile stresses.  grids, sheet 
their top surfaces. diaphragms, and so 
The frames are on) are subject only 
formed by posts and to forces of 
lintels extension.
BEARING-WALL
NOTABLE EXAMPLES
The traditional masonry wall is thickened in proportion to the forces it has to resist: its own weight, the
dead load of floors and roof, the live load of people, as well as the lateral forces of arches, vaults and wind.
The walls can be much thicker towards the base, where maximum loads accumulate. The load-bearing walls
depending on the scale of the project can be made of adobe, wood, reinforced concrete and brick.
ADOBE
Adobe bricks (mud bricks) are made of earth
with a fairly high clay content and straw. If
produced manually the earth mix is cast in open
moulds onto the ground and then left to dry out.
Adobe bricks are only sun-dried. Before drying
out, the finished walls are smoothed down. Often
a clay render is applied as a surface coating.

WOOD
A load bearing stud wall is any of the exterior
walls in a wood framed house, or an interior
partition that supports a distributed load
(joists) or a point load (beams). The wall itself is
composed of wood posts.
How to Tell If a Wall Is Load-Bearing
Load-bearing walls support the weight of a floor
or roof structure above and are so named
because they bear a load. By contrast, a non-
load-bearing wall, sometimes called a partition
wall, is responsible only for holding up itself.
BRICK
A brick is building material used to make walls, pavements and
other elements in masonry construction. Bricks can be made of
clay-bearing soil, sand, and lime, or concrete. Bricks can be
joined together using mortar.
It is built by placing bricks in mortar in a systematic manner to
construct solid mass that resists loads. There are several types
of bricks and number of mortars which can be used to
construct brick masonry.

REINFORCED CONCRETE
Concrete in which steel is embedded to work together in
resisting forces. The reinforcing steel rods, bars, or mesh
absorbs the tensile, shear, and sometimes the compressive
stresses in a concrete structure. Plain concrete does not
easily withstand tensile and shear stresses caused by wind,
vibrations, and other forces. In reinforced concrete, the
tensile strength of steel and the compressive strength of
concrete work together to allow the member to sustain
these stresses over considerable spans.
Precast

Cast-in-situ

Forms of work
Reinforced brick

You might also like