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    Tutorial 5

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    This document discusses intersymbol interference in pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) systems. It provides examples calculating the minimum required bandwidth for different PAM configurations, as well as the bandwidth required for a binary PAM system with raised cosine filtering and various rolloff factors. It also finds the data rate, sampling rate, and maximum analog frequency for a PCM system transmitted over a 12 kHz bandwidth channel using quaternary PAM. Finally, it determines the rolloff factor needed for a binary PAM wave to satisfy a 75 kHz maximum bandwidth over a channel with 10 microsecond bit durations.

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    Tutorial 5

    Uploaded by

    xfgdgf
    120 views2 pages
    This document discusses intersymbol interference in pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) systems. It provides examples calculating the minimum required bandwidth for different PAM configurations, as well as the bandwidth required for a binary PAM system with raised cosine filtering and various rolloff factors. It also finds the data rate, sampling rate, and maximum analog frequency for a PCM system transmitted over a 12 kHz bandwidth channel using quaternary PAM. Finally, it determines the rolloff factor needed for a binary PAM wave to satisfy a 75 kHz maximum bandwidth over a channel with 10 microsecond bit durations.

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    This document discusses intersymbol interference in pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) systems. It provides examples calculating the minimum required bandwidth for different PAM configurations, as well as the bandwidth required for a binary PAM system with raised cosine filtering and various rolloff factors. It also finds the data rate, sampling rate, and maximum analog frequency for a PCM system transmitted over a 12 kHz bandwidth channel using quaternary PAM. Finally, it determines the rolloff factor needed for a binary PAM wave to satisfy a 75 kHz maximum bandwidth over a channel with 10 microsecond bit durations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    120 views2 pages

    Tutorial 5

    Uploaded by

    xfgdgf
    This document discusses intersymbol interference in pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) systems. It provides examples calculating the minimum required bandwidth for different PAM configurations, as well as the bandwidth required for a binary PAM system with raised cosine filtering and various rolloff factors. It also finds the data rate, sampling rate, and maximum analog frequency for a PCM system transmitted over a 12 kHz bandwidth channel using quaternary PAM. Finally, it determines the rolloff factor needed for a binary PAM wave to satisfy a 75 kHz maximum bandwidth over a channel with 10 microsecond bit durations.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 2

    Intersymbol Interference

    1. An analog signal is sampled, quantized, and encoded into a binary PCM wave. The
    specifications of the PCM system include the following:
    Sampling rate = 8kHz
    Number of representation levels = 64
    The PCM wave is transmitted over a baseband channel using discrete pulse-amplitude
    modulation. Determine the minimum bandwidth required for transmitting the PCM
    wave if each pulse is allowed to take on the following number of amplitude levels: 2,
    4 or 8.

    2. A computer puts out binary data at a rate of 56 kb/s. The computer output is
    transmitted using a baseband binary PAM system that is designed to have a raised-
    cosine spectrum. Determine the transmission bandwidth required for each of the
    following rolloff factors: α = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0.

    3. An analog signal is sampled, quantized, and encoded into a binary PCM wave. The
    number of representation levels used is 128. A synchronizing pulse is added at the
    end of each code word representing a sample of the analog signal. The resulting PCM
    wave is transmitted over a channel of bandwidth 12kHz using a quaternary PAM
    system with raised-cosine spectrum. The rolloff factor is unity.
    (a) Find the rate (bit/s) at which information is transmitted through the channel.
    (b) Find the rate at which the analog signal is sampled. What is the maximum
    possible value for the highest frequency component of the analog signal?

    4. A binary PAM wave is to be transmitted over a baseband channel with an absolute


    maximum bandwidth of 75 kHz. The bit duration is 10µs. Find the raised-cosine
    spectrum that satisfies these requirements.
    Solution:
    1. Minimum bandwidth = 1/(2T) Hz
    Where T is the pulse duration

    Date rate = 8k * log264 = 48kbps


    Tb = 1/Data rate
    T = Tb * log2M …eq(1)
    Where M is the number of amplitude levels

    Therefore, minimum bandwidth = 1/(2T) = 1/(2Tb) = Data rate/2 = 24 kHz for PAM
    with two levels.
    Similarly, minimum bandwidth = 12 kHz for PAM with four levels
    Minimum bandwidth = 8 kHz for PAM with eight levels

    2. Bandwidth = W(1+α) where W = 1/(2* Tb ) = 28 kHz


    Therefore,
    α bandwidth
    .25 35 kHz
    .5 42 kHz
    .75 49 kHz
    1.00 56 kHz

    3. (a) For a unity rolloff,


    bandwidth = 1/T where T is the pulse duration
    using eq(1), Tb = T/2
    Therefore, data rate = 1/ Tb = 2/T = 2 * bandwidth = 24 kbps

    (b) no. of bits transmitted for each sample


    = log2(quantizing levels) + additional bit for synchronization = 7 + 1 =8 bits

    sampling rate = data rate / no. of bits per sample = 3 kHz

    4. transmission bandwidth = W(1+α). Therefore, α = 75 kHz / [1/(2 *10µs)] - 1 = 0.5

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