SECTION 3
PLUMBING AND FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS DESIGN CRITERIA

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INTRODUCTION

A. The following plumbing guidelines shall be utilized to design and document new construction and
renovation projects for the University. All designs are subject to review and approval by the University
and appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.

B. In the following text, UCSF Medical Center shall be referred to as the “University” which includes:
UCSF Medical Center Facilities, referred to as "Facilities" and UCSF Medical Center Office of Design
and Construction, referred to as "D&C".

C. The guidelines describe criteria, performance, and materials requirements for plumbing systems.
Design professionals can recommend changes to specific guidelines as appropriate to meet the project
program and goals, but shall not incorporate changes without the University’s written approval.
Recommended changes that reduce quality, utility, flexibility, and energy efficiency criteria described
herein shall be submitted with cost/benefit analyses.

D. This document was prepared prior to the opening of the new Mission Bay Hospital, and does not address
guidelines for renovations or future development at the UCSF Medical Center at Mission Bay.

PLUMBING OVERVIEW

University Plumbing Infrastructure: The following are brief descriptions of plumbing infrastructure in non-
Mission Bay Medical Center Buildings. Descriptions are not necessarily up-to-date. For renovation
projects, review archive drawings, survey existing conditions, recommend testing of existing systems where
appropriate, and interview Facilities personnel to ascertain current conditions.

A. Moffitt Hospital Plumbing Systems Overview

1. Domestic Water System: Domestic water service is provided by a metered high pressure main.
The main takes off from a high pressure service fed from the Parnassus Campus Central
Utility Plant, an OSHPD SPC-4/NPC-3 rated building. The service enters the 1st Floor of Moffitt
Hospital and continues through to the Medical Sciences Building (MSB), a non-OSHPD building.

Water is distributed from the main to multiple risers on the 1st Floor. Risers are primarily located
next to multiple building columns. Risers serve three zones in the building; Basement through
4th Floor, 5th through 9th Floors, and 10th through 15th Floors. Duplex pressure reducing valves
are provided for the Basement through 4th Floor zone. Water storage tanks serving the campus
are connected to the system to

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provide water supply in the event of an emergency.

2. Domestic Hot Water System: Three steam-to-water heat exchangers provide domestic
hot water for Moffitt. Steam for these systems is provided from boilers located in the Parnassus
Campus Central Utility Plant. Each system serves one of three zones in the hospital; Basement
through 4th Floor, 5th through 9th Floors, and 10th through 15th Floors. The University operates
the systems at 140ºF. Hot water is distributed from the water heaters to common piping
at the top floor of each zone. Water draws down the zones through multiple risers
which are primarily located same as domestic cold water system risers next to multiple
building columns. Risers connect again to common piping at the bottom floor of each zone.
The common piping at the bottom floor serves as the return line for circulating hot water
throughout the zone. Circulating pumps are located at the water heaters. Circulation through
the systems serving the 5th through 15th Floors is poor due to exceedingly long branch runouts
and improperly placed or partially closed isolation valves used for system balancing.

There is a project currently under design that will replace water heating equipment and improve
distribution and recirculation in Moffitt.

3. Purified Water Systems: Non-clinical grade deionized (DI) water is provided from the Parnassus
Campus Central Utility Plant for low demand loads primarily from laboratory sinks. DI water is
distributed directly to areas of use in a non-circulating single pass system fed from a riser in the
West Wing that is connected on the 13th Floor to storage tanks in The Medical Science Building
(MSB). Because of the feed from a non-OSHPD building, new loads shall not be connected to this
system.

4. Sanitary Waste, Vent, and Vapor Vent System: Multiple waste and vent risers located
same as domestic water system risers next to multiple building columns provide gravity drainage
in two zones; high rise and basement. Reuse of existing piping shall be carefully evaluated with
the University as cracks have been known to exist in some locations, especially in the Basement.

Drains from both zones collect independently of acid waste and storm drains underground below
the Basement floor slab and connect to the city sewer system at multiple locations on the
Parnassus side of the building. Sterilizer and similar equipment drains are provided with separate
vapor vent risers extending directly to the roof independently of sanitary vent risers.

5. Acid (Laboratory) Waste and Vent System: Waste and vent risers located same as domestic
water system risers next to building columns provide gravity drainage independent of sanitary
drains for all laboratory waste in two zones; high rise and basement. Drains from both zones
collect independently of sanitary waste and storm drains underground below the Basement floor
slab and connect to the city sewer system at multiple locations on the Parnassus side of the
building.

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6. Storm Drain System: Multiple drain risers located same as domestic water system risers next
to multiple building columns provide drainage by gravity of all roof and area drains. Drains collect
separately of all other drains underground below the Basement floor slab and connect to the city
sewer system at multiple locations on the Parnassus side of the building.

7. Medical Gas and Vacuum Systems: Medical gas and vacuum are distributed from the Basement
through multiple risers primarily located at multiple building columns along the building perimeter.
A medical vacuum system is provided for Moffitt Hospital and connected in the Basement with a
manual bypass to the medical vacuum system serving Long. A medical air compressor system
and gas cylinder manifolds in Long Hospital provide medical air, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and
nitrous oxide services for Moffitt. Oxygen is provided from bulk liquid oxygen storage equipment
at the Parnassus Campus Central Utility Plant. Medical Air and oxygen riser bypasses are
installed on the 7th Floor of Moffitt to provide a means for backfeeding between risers in each
system (not cross-connected).

8. Laboratory Gas and Vacuum Systems: Compressed air and low pressure natural gas for low
demand laboratory outlet loads is provided from the Parnassus Campus Central Utility Plant.
Vacuum is provided from the medical vacuum pumps in the Basement. Services are distributed
directly to areas of use from risers originating in the Basement.

9. Natural Gas System: In addition to laboratory gas loads, natural gas is provided to the Hospital
for Kitchen gas loads. Gas is distributed directly to areas of use at low pressure from the
Basement.

Basis of Design
Owner’s Requirements
A. Project Direction and Goals
1. This document includes the following data and information:
a. Where LIFE CARE HOSPITAL, PESHAWAR exhibited no specific criteria
preference, MEP Design House's standard design criteria or professional judgment will
be employed.
B. Criteria
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2. Natural Gas will be used for water heating.

3. Non-Potable water will be provided for humidification, steam and hot water, where required.

3. Dual domestic and fire water feeds are not required.

4. There will be exterior hose bibs at enclosed parking areas, grade and at the roof level for
maintenance purposes. Where mentioned as required, hose bibs will be spaced at 100
feet intervals along the floor perimeter.
A. Major Assumptions utilized in the development of the design are as follows:
1. Existing site utilities have capacity for new program.
Codes, Regulations, and Design Standards
A. General
1. The following is a list of the applicable codes, standards and regulations related to the
Plumbing Systems on the project.

2. The following are the main sources of reference for the design:
a. National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).
b. American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).
c. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
d. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).
e. SMACNA, Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Designers National Association HVAC
Duct Construction Standards.
f. NFPA, National Fire Protection Association Standards.
g. International Plumbing Code IPC
h. Universal Plumbing Code UPC
i. National Plumbing Code NPC
j. Facility Piping Systems Handbook Third Edition by: Michael Frankel
k. Engineered Plumbing Design II by Alfred Steele. Published by American Society of
Plumbing Engineers.
Design Criteria
A. Plumbing Fixtures and Specialties

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1. All plumbing fixtures will be institutional grade, vitreous china or stainless steel as required.
2. Water closets will be wall hung, high efficiency 1.28 gallons per flush maximum with
manual operation.
3. Urinals will be wall hung siphon jet type, high efficiency 1 gallons per flush maximum
with manual operation.
4. Lavatories will be wall hung or countertop type, 0.5 gallon per minute maximum flow rate
with sensor operated faucets.
5. Showers will be high efficiency 2 gallon per minute maximum flow rate.
6. Foot baths with hot and cold water will be provided for Prayer Rooms.
7. Interior hose bibs: Chrome plated in finished areas, rough brass in mechanical rooms,
wall mounted, furnished with vacuum breaker, ¾-inch hose threaded outlet.
8. Floor drains and/or floor sinks will be set flush with finished floor, minimum 2-inch outlet.
9. Safety showers, eyewashes, drench hoses and combination units will be installed in
accordance with ANSI ISEA Z358.1 and be supplied with water at a minimum pressure of
2 bar (30 psig).
10. Hand wash sinks, in specialty areas shall be stainless steel with either wrist blade handle
or sensor faucets.
11. Hose stations, i f required, for wash down will be hot and cold water mixing type with
temperature gauge to allow the user to adjust the temperature as required. A pressure
type vacuum breaker will be supplied at the hose connection. A simple hose rack will be
provided.
12. Perineal spray hose assemblies, if required, will have a lever operated spray head with
flexible stainless steel hose, wall hook, in-line combination flow regulator and backflow
preventer to protect the water supply.
B. Seismic & Vibration
1. Seismic restraints will be per the referenced building code requirements. It is currently
assumed to be Seismic Design Category A which does not require seismic restraint.
2. Vibration isolation will be per the recommendations of the Acoustic Consultant’s report.
C. Distribution Piping and Valving Arrangement
1. Piping mains will be sized for the maximum calculated flow at the design stage plus 10%
for future expansion.
2. Separate pressure services will be provided for Domestic (potable) and Non-potable water
use, to protect against cross contamination between the various program areas.

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3. The general distribution of services will be via a single set of horizontal services running in
the ceiling and provided with associated shut-off and/or check valves, balancing valves,
pressure-reducing valves, pressure gauges, etc.
4. Each room requiring pressure services will be provided with individual shut-off valves
located in the ceiling outside the room.
5. Where possible expansion of the building has been planned, the systems shall be provided
with valved and capped connections to extend the services to the new portion of the
building. Equipment, mains and risers shall be sized with an allowance for the planned
expansion. Where possible, modular equipment shall be provided, which facilitates
capacity increases by adding additional modules with minimal disturbance to existing
spaces. In this way the existing system performance is not sacrificed for future expansion.
D. Reliability & Redundancy
1. Piped plumbing services (except waste and vent water) shall be generally distributed in
horizontal loops, if architectural constraints do not exist, that may be sectionalized for
alternations and repairs. Isolation valves shall be provided to facilitate maintenance at
each lab space, group of toilet rooms, program suite, or at other branches where
routine service shall be required. All isolation valves shall be accessible, and located on
the floor being served, or in the interstitial space serving the respective program area.
2. All major plumbing systems shall have “N+1” configuration. The term “N+1” used in this
document refers to an equipment arrangement where “N” is the primary number of units
that serve a function while the “+1” term refers to the additional redundant unit intended to
operate, if one of the primary units has failed, or is off-line being serviced or maintained.
All redundant systems equipped with electric motors shall be monitored through the
Building Automation System (BAS). In addition all critical systems will be supported with
back-up electrical generators.
3. The control panels for equipment shall have sufficient room for the control components for
future modules. The manifolds on the skids shall have capped flanges that will allow easy
connection of the new modules. The electrical power feed to the skid shall be sized for the
full expansion capability.
E. Maintenance
1. For maintenance and accessibility, all equipment and valves shall be accessible from floor
level where possible. Equipment shall be provided with 3.28 feet clearance on at least the
front and two sides. More clearance shall be provided to service the equipment, if required
by the equipment manufacturer or if space allows. A main access aisle of at least
4.1 feet shall be provided through the equipment area to allow easy egress, and access
for moving large equipment through the area. If equipment components, such as tanks or
modular equipment skids, require a larger aisle, such equipment space shall be planned
during the design process. Sufficient clearance shall be provided above equipment for
service, replacement or rigging of components.
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2. Piping connections to equipment shall be arranged so that a minimal amount of piping

shall be required to be removed for servicing of the equipment. All horizontal piping shall
be kept at least 7 feet above the floor where possible.
3. Piping on common supports shall run with a minimum of 2 inches clear of other piping,
valves or obstructions. All valves shall be accessible for maintenance and emergencies.
Backflow preventers shall be installed at a maximum of 5 feet above the floor level in order
to facilitate testing and maintenance.
4. Valves shall be provided at each piece of equipment for service isolation of the equipment
from the system. For equipment skids with dual or multiple pumps, individual pump isolation
valves on the inlet and outlet shall be provided to isolate one pump from the system,
while allowing continued operation of the system during service. Each pressure system
riser shall have a valve to isolate the individual riser. Each branch main shall be provided
with a valve at the take-off from the riser. Each branch shall be provided with a valve at
the take-off from the branch main, to isolate the branch. Each fixture shall be provided
with an isolation valve to service the fixture. System branches serving a room or suite shall
be grouped together with the valves all grouped together, in order to allow for rapid
response in an emergency, to shut off systems and to ease maintenance. Where
possible, the branch mains on the floor shall be looped and sectional valves installed to
allow isolation of parts of the floor to avoid shutting down the entire floor for maintenance
or alteration.
Piping Systems Descriptions
A. General
1. Drainage
a. Sanitary for building
1) Sanitary waste from toilet rooms, service sinks, showers, drinking fountains, and
general use mechanical equipment will be conveyed by gravity to the city sanitary
sewer system. It is anticipated that the drainage from the building to the site will be
via gravity to the site sewer.
2) Flow rates and pipe sizes will be calculated based on drainage fixture unit values
and adjusted/increased to allow for projected wastewater discharge from various
mechanical equipment at the design stage, plus 10% for future expansion.
3) Complete accessibility will be provided to all cleanouts.
4) Floor drains will have a 4-inch outlet size and have a grate with a net free area
meeting the requirements specified in ANSI A112.6.3.
5) Highly concentrated (non-diluted) acids, solvents, and radioactive materials will be
containerized by Owner for off-site disposal.
6) Minimum design velocity in piping: 2 feet per second.
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7) Minimum pipe slope will be per the plumbing code requirements.

8) Floor Drains:
a) Janitor closets: Separate floor drains will be provided.
b) Safety showers: floor drains and/or curbing will be provided.
c) Mechanical areas: as required by specific equipment layout.
d) Equipment rooms for glassware washers, autoclaves, etc.
9) Piping Material:
a) Below grade, gravity: hub & spigot cast iron soil pipe with push-on gasket
joints meeting BS 416, Parts 1 & 2.
b) Above grade, gravity: no-hub cast iron soil pipe meeting BS 416, Parts 1 & 2.
b. Storm (Rainwater)
1) Rainwater from the roof areas will be conveyed by a separate gravity system into
the city drainage system.
2) Roof drainage system shall be designed for a 100 year storm return frequency and
a 60 minute period of duration/concentration. Emergency drainage system shall be
designed for a 100 year storm frequency and a 60 minute time of
duration/concentration. The rainfall rate used will be 4 in/hr.
3) All connections to the storm drainage system subject to potential backwater shall
be provided with backwater valves.

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4) Minimum design velocity –2 feet per second.

5) Piping Material:
a) Below Grade: hub & spigot cast iron soil pipe with push-on gasket joints
meeting BS 416, Parts 1 & 2.
b) Above Grade: PVC-U pipe work and fittings meeting BS 4514.
c) Pump discharge: galvanized carbon steel meeting ASTM A53 or A106 with
mechanical grooved gasket joints.
2. Water
a. Non-Potable Water Service
1) The water service will extend from the existing water service at the site.
2) The location and arrangement of water service will be determined based on
criteria provided by authorities having jurisdiction.

3) Water service will be supplied by a 4-inch non-potable water service connection

from the underground non-potable city water distribution system. Service will be
sized for the maximum calculated flow at the design stage, plus 10% for future
expansion.
3) A water meter will be provided inside the building upstream of the main building
water storage tanks.
4) Downstream of the underground water storage tank a booster pump skid arranged
with pumps in an N+1 arrangement will be provided on the domestic water service;
supported with back-up generator.
5) Downstream of the overhead water storage tank a booster pump skid arranged with
pumps in an N+1 arrangement will be provided on the domestic water service;
supported with back-up generator.
6) Design Criteria:
a) Incoming water temperature; range of 10° C (50° F) to 40° C (104° F).
b) Incoming water pressure; 5 bar (58 psig).
c) System will be hydraulically designed to provide enough water pressure to the
worst case demand of the glassware washing equipment or sterilizer based on
supply from a overhead water storage tank.

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7) Piping Material
a) Underground piping will be ductile iron meeting BS EN 545 with ceramic
epoxy lining, manufacturer’s standard external coating and flanged joints.
b) Interior above grade piping will be SDR 11 polypropylene pressure pipe meeting
BS 4991 with either socket or butt heat fusion joints.
8) Equipment
a) Water Transfer Pumps: Duplex skid mounted and controls with BAS monitoring
of alarms.
b) Underground Water Storage Tank: Non-Potable: 7471 Cubic Feet
c) Water Transfer Pumps: Duplex skid mounted with VFD drive and controls with
BAS monitoring of alarms.
d) Overhead Water Storage Tank: Non-Potable: 2733 Cubic Feet
b. Non-Potable Hot Water
1) Non-Potable hot water distribution system will provide hot water to the toilet
rooms, sinks, showers, safety showers, drench hoses and eyewashes.
2) Hot water will be distributed through a separate re-circulating system designed
to provide hot water to the points of use.
3) Where possible Non-Potable hot water shall be distributed throughout the
building above the ceiling. All risers shall be provided with riser shut-off valves.
4) Design of domestic use hot water systems will be based on the fixture unit values
and adjusted/increased to allow for projected water demand for various
mechanical equipment at the design state, plus 10% for future expansion.
5) Piping will be sized to maintain a minimum of 1.4 bar (20 psi) residual pressure at
the most remote faucet or shower.
6) Water velocity in distribution piping shall not exceed 5 feet per second for hot
water at or below 60 deg. C (140 deg. F).
7) Provisions shall be made to arrest water hammer. Shock arrestors when installed
shall comply with WRAS, PDI-WH201 or ASSE-1010.
8) Approved pressure reducing valve assemblies with strainers will be provided, if
required, to limit the maximum water pressure to 5.5 bar (80 psi) in the distribution
piping.
9) The entire hot water distribution system will be insulated for temperature
maintenance and energy conservation.

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10) Domestic use hot water will be generated and distributed at 60 deg. C (140
degrees F) by propane gas fired storage type water heaters located on the roof
level. Heater sizing will need to be determined but there will be an N+1
arrangement. Local thermostatic mixing valves will be provided to achieve lower
temperatures (40 deg. C (105ºF)) at the point of use.
11) Hot water will be re-circulated to within 3.28 feet of lavatory faucets.
12) Non-Potable cold and hot water will be provided to supply emergency safety
equipment, where applicable.
13) Piping Material: Interior above grade piping will be SDR 11 polypropylene
pressure pipe meeting BS 4991 with either socket or butt heat fusion joints.
14) Equipment:
a) Water Heater
• Quantity: Three (1) (N+1)
• Type: Storage tank.
• Source of Energy: Natural Gas
b) Circulating Pump:
• Quantity: Two (2).
• Type: Centrifugal.
• Source of energy: Electric

Fire Protection
Owner’s Requirements
A. Criteria
1. The fire protection design documentation will be a performance based design which
identifies the following on the contract documents:
a. Water source and preliminary flow test data.
b. Location of fire service and alarm valves.
c. Hazard classifications, densities, types and finishes.
d. Zoning and additional special criteria.
e. Details of equipment and unique conditions.

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2. The remaining detailed design will be performed by the Fire Protection contractor
and the design signed and sealed by the Fire Protection contractor’s Engineer:
a. Current flow test data.
b. Detailed layout of fire service, equipment and unique conditions.
c. Detailed fire protection system layout coordinated with other trades contractors.
d. Detailed hydraulic calculations.
3. Dual fire service feeds are not required.
B. Major Assumptions utilized in the development of the design are as follows:
1. The existing site water supply pressure needs to be verified.
2. No other special suppression systems are required.
C. Unresolved Items to Date:
1. Review of fire protection design by insurance carrier shall be completed during Design
Development.
Codes, Standards and Guidelines
A. General
1. NFPA 10 – Standard for Portable Fire Extinguishers 2010 edition.
2. NFPA 13 – Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems 2010 edition.
3. NFPA 14 – Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems 2010 edition.
4. NFPA 101 – Life Safety Code 2012 edition.
5. NFPA 30 - Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code 2012 edition.
6. NFPA 2001 – Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems 2012 edition.
Design Criteria
A. Seismic & Vibration
1. Seismic design criteria will be driven by the adopted building code and the Building
Seismic Design Category. It is currently assumed to be Seismic Design Category A. The
requirements for seismic design must follow the Building Code and NFPA 13 criteria as
adopted by the local code.
2. Vibration design may be driven by other factors based upon the use of the facility and the
types of research or equipment being furnished. Criteria developed with the Structural
Engineer and/or a Vibration Consultant needs to be identified.
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B. Maintenance
1. Maintenance of the systems will be the responsibility of the building maintenance staff and
shall be in accordance with NFPA 25 Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and
Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems.
2. Clearance will be provided at all valves, alarm valves and accessories requiring inspection,
testing and maintenance. Signs clearly indication locations of concealed valves or items
requiring service will be provided.
Fire Protection Systems Descriptions
A. General
1. Water Supply
a. Water Flow Test:
1) A water flow test must be conducted to determine the characteristics of the water
supply. The water flow test shall be conducted by a licensed fire protection
contractor within 9 months of the start of installation of the systems. The insuring
agency and the local water department should have representatives present to
witness the test. The procedure utilized for the test including the hydrant locations
and the time of day must be recorded.
2) For design purposes, a minimum of 1.7 bar (10 psig) safety factor shall be applied
to the test results to allow for future fall off in the flow and pressure. The fire
protection systems shall be designed with this safety factor applied.
b. Water Flow Requirements
1) Based upon the hazard criteria identified and preliminary hydraulic calculations an
estimated design flow rate required at the building service entry is:
a) 500 gpm
2. Site Firewater Systems
a. Site Piping
1) Site firewater piping up to flanged riser connections within the building is covered
in the Civil scope of work.
2) Location and arrangement of firewater service will be determined based on criteria
provided by the Authorities having jurisdiction.
3) Fire water to the building shall be supplied by one (1) fire water service connection
to the existing site fire water distribution loop at the site. The water service shall be
sized for the maximum calculated flow of fire water, and provided with a post-
indicating valve (PIV) prior to the building entry. All PIV valves will be monitored by
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the fire alarm system.

4) Underground piping will be cement-lined ductile iron with mechanical joints.
Offsets in piping shall have concrete thrust blocks or restrained joints.
3. Standpipe Systems
a. General
1) A standpipe will be required for the building since the highest occupied level in the
portion of the building is more than 35 ft above the lowest level of fire truck
access.
2) A standpipe will be located in each egress stair. The standpipe may be a
combination standpipe supplying the sprinkler system at each floor. The standpipe
system will be a Class I standpipe with 2-1/2 inch hose valves at each
intermediate landing. Standpipe hose connections shall be between 3 to 5 feet
above the floor. Fire hoses with cabinets will not be provided. One standpipe shall
extend above the roof and terminate in a two-way 2-1/2 inch fire hose connection.
A clearly marked control valve shall be installed in the conditioned space close to
the roof access.
3) All standpipes will be interconnected at the lowest level with isolation valves for
each standpipe.
4) Standpipes will be designed for 500 gpm at the most remote standpipe and 250
gpm for each additional standpipe up to 1,250 gpm maximum.
5) Piping will be Schedule 40 black steel. Piping 2-inch and smaller will be schedule
40 black steel. Piping 2-1/2-inch and larger will be light wall schedule 10. Pipe
joints shall be threaded or piping 2-1/2-inch and larger may be roll grooved with
mechanical couplings and gaskets or flanged.
4. Fire Hydrants
a. General
1) Hydrants shall be of an approved type and have not less than a 6 in. diameter
connection with the mains.
2) A valve shall be installed in the hydrant connection.
3) The number, size, and arrangement of outlets; the size of the main valve
opening; and the size of the barrel shall be suitable for the protection to be
provided and shall be ap-proved by the authority having jurisdiction.
4) Hydrants shall be located not less than 40 ft from the buildings to be protected
and where hydrants cannot be located within 40 ft from the building, locations
closer than 40 ft from the building or wall hydrants shall be permitted to be used

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where approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

5. Fire Department Connection
a. General
1) The fire department connection shall be installed on the system side of the
system control valve, check valve, or any pump, but on the supply side of any
isolating valves.
2) Fire department connections shall be visible and recognizable from the street or
nearest point of fire department apparatus accessibility or on the street side of
buildings.
3) Fire department connections shall be located not more than 100 ft from the
nearest fire hydrant connected to an approved water supply.
4) The location of the fire department connection shall be permitted to exceed 100 ft
subject to the approval of the authority having jurisdiction.
5) Fire department connections shall be located not less than 18 in. nor more than
48 in. or above the level of the adjoining ground, sidewalk, or grade surface.
6) Each fire department connection shall have at least two 21⁄2 in. internal threaded
swivel fittings having NHS threads.
7) Where the local fire department uses fittings that differ from those specified,
fittings compatible with local fire department equipment shall be used and their
minimum size shall be 21⁄2 in.

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