06 EE 604 1-E - Combine - Combine PDF

EXAM SLOT: D
06EE 6 04 1 Reg. No _______________

Name _________________
A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

M.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Industrial Drives and Control
Modeling & Analysis of Electrical Machines
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 60
PART A
Answer ALL questions
1. With a neat schematic diagram, describe the essential features of rotating

machines.
2. Obtain the transfer function of a separately excited DC generator under ‘on
load’ operation.
3. Derive the expression for armature mutual inductances of a salient pole
synchronous machine from its basic parameters.
4. Sketch the primitive machine model of single phase Induction motor and
derive the expression for electromagnetic torque developed.
(4 x 5 marks =20 marks)

PART B
5. Derive the transformation for currents from a rotating 3-phase (a,b,c) winding
to a stationary 2-phase winding (d,q).
OR
6. Derive the voltage equations for Kron’s primitive machine model in matrix
form. What are the observations made from the impedance matrix?
7. Perform the transient analysis of a separately excited DC generator with
(a) Sudden application of step field excitation to the field with ia=0 and
constant no load speed ꙍr0 (5 marks)
1
(b) Sudden application of step field excitation to the field with ia not equal to 0
and constant speed ꙍr.
(5 marks)
OR
8. (a)Sketch the Kron’s primitive machine model of a DC series motor and
obtain the voltage equations (4 marks)
(b) Perform the steady state analysis on DC series motor and obtain speed-
torque curve and torque-current curve.
(6 marks)
9. (a) Sketch the primitive machine model of a three phase synchronous machine
and obtain the voltage equations. (3 marks)
(b) Obtain the steady state phasor diagram of a synchronous motor.
(7 marks)
OR
10. What is Short Circuit Ratio? Derive the relation between SCR and
synchronous reactance Xd. What are effects of SCR on the physical size and
operating characteristics of a synchronous machine?
11. A three phase star connected 400V 50Hz 4 pole induction motor has the
following per phase constants referred to stator: r1=0.15 , x1=0.45Ω, r2=0.12Ω,
x2=0.45Ω, Xm=28.5Ω, Constant losses = 400W. Calculate at slip 0.04
(a) Stator current
(b) Air gap power
(c) Mechanical power developed
(d) Output torque and
(e) efficiency
OR
12. Give a brief description on the following methods of speed control of three
phase Induction motor
(a) Pole changing technique (3 marks)
(b) Supply frequency control (4 marks)
(c) Line voltage control (3 marks)
2
EXAM SLOT: A
06 EE 6011 / 06 EE 6015 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: EEE – Industrial Drives and Control / Power Electronics and Power
Systems
ADVANCED MATHEMATICS
PART A
1. If u ( x, y ) is a harmonic function in x and y , where z = x + iy , then show that
∂ 2u
=0
∂z ∂z
2. Using the limiting behavior of a homogeneous Markov chain, find the steady
 0. 1 0. 6 0. 3 
state probabilities of the chain, which is given by the TPM P = 0.5 0.1 0.4
 0.1 0.2 0.7 
3. How do you identify an unbounded solution from simplex table? Also solve the
LPP; Maximize z = 2 x1 + x 2 subject to the constraints
x1 − x 2 ≤ 10, 2 x1 − x 2 ≤ 40, and x1 , x 2 ≥ 0

2 2
4. Minimize f ( x1 , x 2 ) = x1 − x 2 + 2 x1 + 2 x1 x 2 + x 2 starting from the point
0
X1 =  
0
PART B
5. a. If f (z ) is an analytic function of z , then show that it is independent of z
b. Find all the points where the mapping f ( z ) = Sinz is conformal
OR
1
6. a. If f is an analytic function in a domain D containing z 0 and if
f ' ( z 0 ) ≠ 0 then show that w = f ( z ) is conformal at z 0

b. Use Schwarz-Christoffel formula to construct a conformal mapping from the
upper half plane onto the polygonal region defined by u ≥ 0, − 1 ≤ v ≤ 1
7. There are 2 white marbles in urn A and 3 red marbles in urn B. At each step of
the process, a marble is selected from each urn and the two marbles are
interchanged. The state of the Markov chain is the number of red marbles in urn
A.
a. Find the transition probability matrix of the system
b. What is the probability that there are two red marbles in urn A after 3
steps?
c. In the long run, what is the probability that there care two red marbles in
urn A?
OR
8. a. Consider the random process X (t ) = Cos (t + ϕ ) , where ϕ is a random

1 −π π
variable with density function f (ϕ ) = , ≤ ϕ ≤ . Check whether or
π 2 2
not the process is stationary
b. Find the nature of the states of the Markov chain with the TPM
0 1 0
P = 0.5 0 0.5 having the state space {0, 1, 2}
 0 1 0 
9. Find an optimum integer solution to the following LPP using Gomory’s cutting
plane method. Maximize z = x1 + 2x 2 subject to the constraints
2 x 2 ≤ 17, x1 + x 2 ≤ 7, 2 x1 ≤ 11, x1 ≥ 0, x 2 ≥ 0 and x1 , x 2 are integers.
OR
10. Solve the following LPP by using Big – M method.
2
Maximize z = x1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x3 − x 4 subject to the constraints
x1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x3 = 15, 2 x1 + x 2 + 5 x3 = 20, x1 + 2 x 2 + x3 + x 4 = 10 and
x1 , x 2 ≥ 0
11. Write Khun-Tucker conditions and use them to minimize

f ( x, y, z ) = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 40 x + 26 y subject to the constraints
x ≥ 50, x + y ≥ 100, x + y + z ≥ 150
OR
12. Using quadratic interpolation method, find the minimum value of
f (λ ) = λ5 − 5λ3 − 20λ + 5 , take the initial step size as t 0 = 0.5 and A=0
3
EXAM SLOT: B
06EE 6 02 1 / 06EE 6 02 3 / 06 EE 6025
Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Industrial Drives and Control /Power Electronics/ Power Electronics
and Power Systems
Analysis of Power Electronic Systems I
PART A
1. Discuss freewheeling effect in controlled rectifiers.

2. Discuss principle of operation of Type A chopper
3. Explain integral cycle control and phase control
4. Explain the operation of a series resonant inverter
PART B
5. With neat waveforms and circuit diagrams explain working of a three phase
full wave controlled rectifier. Also derive equation for output voltage.
OR
6. Explain static and dynamic performance of IGBT
7. Explain different modes of operation of Voltage commutated chopper with

necessary diagrams.
OR
8. Explain the four quadrant chopper with the necessary diagrams and also
derive the expression for average value of load voltage and current
1
9. (a) Explain single phase ac voltage controller with RL load(7 Marks)
(b)What are applications of ac voltage controllers and cycloconverters(3
Marks)
OR
10. Discuss single phase bridge type cycloconverter with RL load.
11. Explain Sinusoidal PWM Techniques for inverters with waveforms.
OR
12. Explain the operation of a three phase inverter with 1800 conduction .
2
EXAM SLOT: C
06 EE 6031 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Industrial Drives and Control
Electric Drives
PART A
1. Draw a diagram illustrating the essential parts of an electric drive. What are
the functions of a power modulator?
2. Obtain an expression relating speed and torque in case of a shunt motor. Draw
the speed torque curves.
3. What is single phasing? What are the disadvantages of induction motor
operation with unbalanced supply voltages?
4. Brief on starting of synchronous motor. What is the need of damper winding
in a synchronous motor?
PART B
5. Derive an expression for moment of inertia and equivalent torque referred to

motor shaft with loads undergoing rotational and translational motion.
OR
6. A constant speed drive has the following duty cycle
(i) Load rising from 0 to 400 kW: 5 minutes
(ii) Uniform load of 500 kW : 5 minutes
(iii) Regenerative power of 400 kW returned to supply: 4 minutes
Remains idle for 2 minutes.
Estimate power rating of motor. Assume losses are proportional to (power)2.
1
7. Draw the speed torque characteristics of D.C. shunt and series motors and
explain the functioning of these motors.
OR
8. Describe the operation of three phase fully controlled rectifier control of D.C.
separately excited motor and obtain an expression of motor speed for continuous
conduction mode of operation.
9. Explain the operation of VSI fed induction motor under constant torque and
constant power modes of operation.
OR
10. A three phase 400V, 30 kW, 1000 rpm, 50 Hz. delta connected induction
motor has rotor impedance of 0.5+j2.0 Ω. Stator resistance and leakage reactance
and rotational losses are assumed negligible. If the motor is energized from a
source of three phase, 400V, 90 Hz, compute (i) motor speed at rated torque (ii)
the slip at which maximum torque occurs and (iii) the maximum torque.
11. Explain the equivalent circuit and speed torque characteristics of a cylindrical
rotor motor and derive the expression for torque.
OR
12. Explain the closed loop control of load commutated synchronous motor drive.
2
EXAM SLOT: E
06 EE 6151 / 06 EE 6155 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: INDUSTRIAL DRIVES AND CONTROL / POWER ELECTRONICS
AND POWER SYSTEMS
Systems Theory
PART A
1. Diagonalize the given system ̇ =[ ] . Also obtain the Eigen

− − −
values?
2. Explain Gilbert’s method of testing controllability and observability?
3. Develop Ackermann’s formula to find the state feedback gain matrix, K
4. Determine the stability of given system by Lyapunov’s second method

̇ =[ ]
− −
PART B
Y ( s) s 2  4s  4
5. A system is described by the transfer function  3 . Develop
S ( s ) s  5s 2  4 s
a state model in A) Phase variable form B) Diagonal or Jordan form C) Show
that the original transfer function is obtained in both form
OR
6. A system is described by the following equation by ̇ = [ ] + [ ] �;

− −
=[ ] . Where = [ ]. A) Determine the state transition matrix
B) Determine the state vector for time t and output y(t) for unit step input
7. Develop the state model of Boost converter
1
OR
8. Determine the controllability and observability of the given system

− − −
̇ =[ − ] + [ ]� ; =[ ]
−
Y ( s) s 2  2s  50
9. A system is described by  .
S ( s) s 3  10s 2  24s
A) Design a state feedback controller with the poles at -5 and -1±j2.
B) Design a reduced order observer with poles at -10, -10
OR
10. A) Explain the pole placement design technique?
B) Design a state feedback controller for the discrete time system with poles
placed at z = . ± . .
� + =[ ]� + [ ]� ; =[ . ]�
− .
11. A) Explain the Krasovskii’s theorem with an example

x1  x1  x 2  x13
B) Determine the stability of the system using Lyapunov’s
x 2  x1  x 2  x 23
indirect method
OR
12. A) Explain Lyapunov’s stability theorems
x1  x 2  x1 ( x12  x 22 )
B) Consider the system . Using direct method of
x 2   x1  x 2 ( x12  x 22 )
Lyapunov, determine the stability of the equilibrium point?
2
A
06 CS 6 01 3 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________
M.TECH. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Computer Science and Engineering
MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE

PART A
1. Two cards are drawn simultaneously at random from a pack of 52 playing cards.
Calculate the uncertainty of the events: {the king of hearts is one of the two drawn
cards}
2. State Chinese Remainder Theorem.
3. Compute the scalar cardinality of the fuzzy set

𝑥
A(x) = 𝑥+1 , 𝑥 ∈ {0, 1, 2, … , 5}
4. Define the degree of the extension K of a field F, [K: F]. Find [Q[2] : Q]

PART B
5. a) Define Average Conditional Self-information.
b) Prove that H (X|Y) = - H(Y) + H(X. Y)
OR
6 a) Find the channel capacity of a Binary Symmetric Channel with channel transition
probabilities P(0|1) = p = P(1|0)
b) Consider a source X which generates four symbols with probabilities P(x1) = 0.5
P(x2) = 0.3, P(x3) = 0.1, P(x4) = 0.1. Find the entropy of this source. If {0, 10,
110, 111} is a prefix code, then find the efficiency of this code.
7. a) Prove that
[a (mod n) + b (mod n)] mod n = (a + b) (mod n)
Page 1 of 2
b) Let V = {(t, 3t, −2t) | t ∈ R}. Then prove that V is a subspace of R3
OR
8 a) Find the matrix representation of the linear transformation T: R3R3defined by
T(x, y, z)= (2y + z, x – 4y, 3x) relative to the basis {(1,1,1), (1,1,0), (1,0,0)}
b) Find the multiplicative inverse of 101 (mod 4620)
9. a) Consider 2 fuzzy sets A and B defined on a crisp set S = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10}.
The membership functions are defined as
𝑥
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0
10
𝑥 2𝑥
𝐴(𝑥) = 10; 𝐵(𝑥) = 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 3
3
3𝑥
𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 3
{4
Find A B and A  B
b) Define a convex fuzzy set. Prove that a fuzzy set is convex if and only all its  -
cuts are convex
OR
10. a) Define  – cut of a fuzzy set. If ≤ , then prove that AA
b) Find the transitive closure of R given below on X = {a, b, c}
a b c
R
1 .4 .3
a
.4 1 .2
b
.3 .2 1
c
11. a) Find the inverse of (3 - 2) Q(2).

b) Determine the Galois group of x3 – 2 Q [x] over Q, the field of rationals
OR
12.a) Define irreducible polynomial. Show that p(x) = x3 + 9x + 6 is irreducible in
Q[x]
b) Construct the Galois Field GF(23)
(4 x 10 marks = 40 marks)
*********
Page 2 of 2
06CS6023 EXAM SLOT B
Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: COMPUTER SCIENCE : SPECIALIZATION IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Advanced Data Structures

PART A
1.What are splay trees?
2. Insert elements 20, 10, 40, 3, 2, 7, 60, 1, 80 into an empty SMMH in the given order.
3. Explain disjoint set operations.
4. Compare direct address tables and hash tables.
PART B
5.a Explain insertion algorithm of a Threaded Binary Tree with the help of
an example. (7 marks)
5.b What are 2-d trees? (3 marks)
OR
6.a Explain any one technique to solve Counting Binary Tree Problem. (5 marks)
6.b What are suffix trees ? (5 marks)

7. Explain any three operations in Fibonacci heap with the help of examples (10 marks)
OR
8.a What are leftist trees? Explain its melding operation. (5 marks)
8.b Explain two pass and multi pass scheme in pairing heaps (5 marks)
9. Explain in detail linked list representation of a disjoint set. (10 marks)
OR
10. Explain different algorithms to solve selection problem with examples (10 marks)
11. What is convex hull?Explain Graham's Scan algorithm to find convex hull.
(10 marks)
OR
12. What is maximum flow problem ?Explain Ford Fulkerson Algorithm (10 marks)

C
06 CS 6 033/06 CS 6 03 1 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: COMPUTER SCIENCE
Operating System Design
PART A
1. Sketch the architecture of the UNIX operating system. State the functions of
file subsystem, hardware control, process control subsystem.
2. Differentiate between named and unnamed pipes. Discuss about reading and
writing pipes.
3. Explain context of a process.
4. Discuss about process tracing.
PART B
5. U area, process table, per process region table and region table are data
structures for processes. Determine the significance of each data structure and
draw a neat diagram to represent the relationship between these data
structures.
OR
6. The kernel follows getblk algorithm to allocate a buffer for a disk block.
Examine the possible scenarios for the retrieval of a buffer with one example
for each scenario.
7. The namei algorithm converts path name to an inode. Explain the steps
involved in the conversion of a path name to an inode.
OR
8. Explain the mount system call with syntax. Give an example. List the fields in
a mount table entry.
9. Explain the sequence of operations that occur when a process invokes fork and
exit system call.
OR
10. The kernel invokes the algorithm growreg to change the size of a region and
algorithm loadreg to load a portion of a file into a region of a process.
1
Recognize and list the steps followed to perform these manipulations on a
region.
11. Draw the sockets model and explain the significance of each layer. Summarize
the system calls associated with socket mechanism.
OR
12. Swapping is a memory management policy.
A. Explain the allocation of space from maps with examples.
B. Discuss the working of the swapper process that swaps processes into
memory from swap devices.
2
D
06 CS 6041 / 06 CS 6043 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Computer Science
Computer System Design and Architecture

PART A
1. Write about seven dimensions of ISA.

2. Define Hazard in instruction pipelining. What are the different types of
hazards?
3. What do you understand and by “Principle of Locality”? Explain how FIFO
and LRU cache replacement policies follow this principle?
4. Explain the effect of cylinder number, where the data is stored on, and read
latency.
PART B
5. a) Define Amdahl's law and explain its importance in in Computer System

design.
b) A CPU has a normal working voltage of 3V. If its designed to work on
2V, the switching frequency is reduced by 40%. Calculate the energy and
power gain.
OR
6. Write about different trends in Computer Design.
1
7. a) Explain MIPS 5 Stage pipeline system.
b) Calculate the Pipeline speedup of 5 stage pipeline, if the program it
executes is 40% ALU, 40% memory, 20% I/O operations, 10% of ALU
instruction will cause 1 cycle stalls. Memory operations causes 2 stalls each.
I/O operations causes 3 cycle stalls. There is a 10% pipeline over head on
clock cycle duration. Calculate pipeline speedup.
OR
8. Explain different ways that MIPS processor 5 Stage pipeline uses to reduce or
eliminate the effect of Structural hazards, and Data hazards, in pipeline
efficiency.
9. Explain 3 different Cache organization schemes along with addressing

schemes.
OR
10. Explain how Channel, Rank, Bank Row ,Column calculation is done from a
given 32 bit physical address.
11. Explain any 5 RAID levels along with details about its uses.
OR
12. Define Cache Coherence. Explain Write invalidate protocol.
2
06 CS 6 25 1/06 CS 6 25 3 EXAM SLOT E
Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: M.Tech (CSCS/CSIS)
Data Mining Concepts
PART A
1. Explain the steps involved in the process of knowledge discovery?

2. What is frequent itemset mining? How it can be used in various business decision
making process?
3. Define the terms sensitivity, specificity, precision and accuracy.
4. Explain K- Medoids method for clustering.
PART B (4 x 10 marks =40 marks)
5. What is data reduction? Explain the different data reduction strategies?

OR
6. What is data integration? Explain the major issues involved during data
integration and how it can be resolved?
7(a) Explain constraint based association rule mining? (5 marks)

(b)Explain the different techniques for improving the efficiency of apriori algorithm
(5 marks)
OR
8. A database has eight transactions. Let min sup = 30%
TID items bought
T100 E,A,D,B
T200 D,A,C,E,B
T300 C,A,B,E
T400 B,A,D
T500 D
T600 D,B
T700 A,D,E
T800 B,C
Find all the frequent itemset using FP growth algorithm
9.
Outook Temperature Humidity Windy Play Golf
(class label)
Rainy Hot High False No
Rainy Hot High True No
Overcast Hot High False Yes
Sunny Mild High False Yes
Sunny Cool Normal False Yes
Sunny Cool Normal True No
Overcast Cool Normal True Yes
Rainy Mild High False No
Rainy Cool Normal False Yes
Sunny Mild Normal False Yes
Rainy Mild Normal True Yes
Overcast Mild High True Yes
Overcast Hot Normal False Yes
Sunny Mild High True No
Construct a decision tree and generate decision rules for the above data set.
OR
10(a) Explain rule based classification using sequential covering algorithm (5 marks)
(b) Explain the various techniques for evaluating the accuracy of a classifier (5 marks)
11. Explain the hierarchical methods for clustering with examples.

OR
12. Explain the social impacts of data mining in our daily life.
E
06 CS 6353 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Object Oriented Software Engineering
PART A
1. Explain the prototyping model of software development.

2. Define use case and actor. Give examples.
3. Explain two important goals of software design.
4. Differentiate between static testing and dynamic testing.
PART B
5. Explain the Planning Poker method of story point estimation.

OR
6. Explain the Unified Process model with a diagram.
7. Model a use case diagram for the following scenario and write use case
specification for one of the use cases:
The online assignment submission system is aimed at downloading and
uploading assignments for students; with each assignment having information
about the instructions, description of assignment topic, deadline, and
submission details. There will be three users groups which are: Administrators,
course instructors and Students. The student must be able to update his profile,
submit or upload the assignment documents online and also view the grade of
the assignments in each subject. The course instructor should receive and
download the student's document. He then updates the grade of the assignment.
1
There will be an administrator who manages the whole application. He could
add or delete courses, course instructors and students. He must be able to
associate a course with a student as well as a course instructor. The
administrator can also view the student grade.
OR
8. Explain the Noun-Phrase Approach and CRC Approach in Object Oriented
Modelling. Draw a sample CRC card and explain various sections.
9. What are the different categories of design patterns? Give examples. Explain
one of the design patterns in detail.
OR
10. What are invariants, preconditions and postconditions? Give examples for
invariants, preconditions and postconditions in object constraint language.
11. Explain the following concepts in software engineering: Refactoring, Forward

Engineering and Reverse Engineering. When to apply these techniques?
OR
12. What are SCIs? Explain the procedure for change control of SCIs.
2
E
06 CS 6 65 3
Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Specialization: Computer Science and Information Systems
Wireless Communication
PART A
1. Illustrate the basic hardware’s required to build a wireless system and its
functionality.
2. Compare Omni-directional antenna and directional antennas. How it is related
antenna gain.
3. Compare BPSK, DPSK, and QPSK.
4. Describe the different quality of service issues that are seen in cellular networks.

PART B
5. What is Wi-Fi? Explain the functions of different layers of IEEE 802.11LAN protocol
stack.
OR
6. Compare 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G technologies.
7. What is line-of –sight communication? Discuss about the LOS wireless transmission
impairments.
OR
8. Explain the algorithm by generating a CRC for the data word 1101011011 using the
divisor 10011.
9. Write a short note on the following in cellular systems.
a. Co-Channel Interference
b. Adjacent Channel Interference.
c. Inter- Symbol Interference.
OR
10. Explain different digital modulation techniques based on its performance.
11. Discuss about different methods to improve the capacity and coverage of the cellular
system.
OR
12. Explain in detail about the various channel assignment schemes in cellular
technology.

06EC6011/06EC6017 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

M.TECH DEGREE EXAMINATION, DEC 2016
FIRST SEMESTER
Communication Engineering/Wireless Technology
Analytical Foundation for Communication Engineering
Time:3 Hrs Maximum Marks:60
PART A
Answer ALL Questions
4×5 M arks
1. Let x(t) = cos(ωt + θ) where θ is uniformly distributed in the interval (−π, π).
Find mean, autocovariance and autocorrelation of the process.
2. What are the characteristics of invertible matrices?

   
−8 −2 −9 2
3. Let A =  6 4 8 and w =
  1 . Determine if w is in ColA. Is w in
4 0 4 2
N ulA?

2 4
4. Let y = and u = . Write y as the sum of two orthogonal vectors, one
3 −7
in Span{u} and one orthogonal to u.
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. Explain Spectral Factorization.
OR
6. Let X(t) and Y(t) be two jointly WSS random processes. Consider the random
process Z(t) defined as Z(t)=X(t)+Y(t). Show that Z(t) is WSS.
 
1 3 3
7. Diagonalize the matrix , if Possible. −3 −5 −3
3 3 1
OR
 
5 0 0 0
0 5 0 0
8. Diagonalize the matrix , if Possible.  
1 4 −3 0 
−1 −2 0 −3
1
9. (i) State and prove the rank theorem. 7 Marks
(ii) If a 7 x 5 matrix A has rank 2, find dim Nul A, dim Row A, and rank AT
3 Marks
OR
10. Describe the following terms with examples
i) Unitary matrix
ii) Hermitian matrix
iii) Range and null space
iv) Direct sum
v) Non-singular matrix 5 x 2 Marks
   
1 3 −3 5
11. Let A =1 5 1  and b = −3.
1 7 2 −5
Find a least square solution of Ax = b and compute the associated least square
error.
OR
   
1 1/3
12. Let W = span x1,x2, Where x1 =1 and x2 =  1/3 .
1 −2/3
Construct an orthonormal basis for W.
2
06EC6021 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIRST SEMESTER
Communication Engineering
Wireless Communication

PART A
4×5 M arks
1. Derive the expression for received power in Two-ray model.
2. Consider a wireless channel where power fall-off with distance follows the formula
Pr(d) = Pt (d0/d)3 for d0 = 10m. Assume the channel has bandwidth B = 30 KHz
and AWGN with noise power spectral density of N0 = 10−9 W/Hz. For a transmit
power of 1 W, find the capacity of this channel for a transmit-receive distance of
100 m and 1 Km.
3. Find the outage probability of BPSK modulation at P b = 10−3 for two branch SSC
diversity with iid Rayleigh fading on each branch for threshold values of γT = 5dB,
7dB and 10 dB. Assume average branch SNR is γ = 15dB.
4. Explain the major techniques used in dynamic resource allocation.
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. Explain the significance of a ten-ray model. Illustrate its overhead view

and write the expression for the received signal
OR
6. Explain the empirical path loss models available.
7. Consider a flat-fading channel with i.i.d. channel gain g[i] which can take on three
possible values:g1 = .05 with probability p1 = .1, g2 = .5 with probability p2 =
.5, and g3 = 1 with probability p3 = .4. The transmit power is 10 mW, the noise
spectral density is N0 = 10−9 W/Hz, and the channel bandwidth is 30KHz. Assume
the receiver has knowledge of the instantaneous value of g[i] but the transmitter
does not. Find the Shannon capacity of this channel and compare with the capacity
of an AWGN channel with the same average SNR.
OR
8. Compare the performance of various digital modulation over wireless channels.
1
9. (a) Explain Alamouti scheme in detail. 7 marks
(b) Briefly explain EGC method of receiver diversity. 3 marks
OR
10. Compare the performance of selection combining and threshold combining.
11. Consider a cellular system with hexagonal cells of radius R = 1 Km. Suppose the
minimum distance between cell centers using the same frequency must be D = 6
Km to maintain the required SINR.
a) Find the required reuse factor N and the number of cells per cluster.
b) If the total number of channels for the system is 1200, find the number of channels
that can be assigned to each cell.
c) Sketch two adjacent cell clusters and show a channel assignment for the two
clusters with the required reuse distance.
OR
12. Explain a GSM communication System.
2
06EC6031 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIRST SEMESTER
Advanced Digital Communication Techniques
PART A
4×5 M arks
1. Give a brief description of different mathematical channel models for digital com-
munication system, with suitable diagrams and mathematical expressions.
2. Compare the probability of error for DPSK and PSK.
3. Explain the linear filter model for a band limited channel with suitable diagram.
4. Derive the necessary conditions for the MMSE in linear equalizers.
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. Give an account on Digital Communication System with a suitable block diagram

illustrating the relevant principles involved.
OR
6. i) We want to develop a Wireless communication system; what all parameters we

may need in order to find the received power. Explain Link budget Analysis. Cal-
culate the link budget for the radio channel using these parameters .
ii) Suppose that we have a satellite in geosynchronous orbit (36,000 km above the
earths surface) that radiates 200 W of power. The transmit antenna has a gain of
17 dB. Also, suppose that the earth station employs a 4-m parabolic antenna and
that the downlink is operating at a frequency of 6 GHz. The efficiency factor is =
0.5.Assume free space path loss as 195.6 dB. Find the ERP, Received power.
7. Draw and explain the carrier recovery circuit for an M-ary PSK using DFPLL and
obtain the control signal for the VCO.
OR
8. Obtain the probability of error for M-ary QAM. Compare it with M-ary PSK.
9. Derive the Nyquist condition for zero ISI.
1
OR
10. Describe the probability of error for detection of digital PAM with zero ISI.
11. Explain adaptive equalization based on MSE criterion with necessary block dia-
grams.
OR
12. How is symbol synchronization achieved using minimum mean square method.
2
06EC6041 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIRST SEMESTER
Communication Networks

PART A
4×5 M arks
1. What advantage does a circuit-switched network have over a packet-switched net-

work?
2. Explain UDP check sum with an example.
3. Births in a hospital occur randomly at an average rate of 1.8 births/hour. What is

the probability of observing 4 births in a given hour?
4. State and prove Little’s Theorem?
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. Explain the various multiple access protocols with proper diagrams.
OR
6. Compare and contrast circuit switching and packet switching.
7. With the help of neat sketches explain various routing techniques used in the In-
ternet.
OR
8. Briefly explain various protocols for real time interactive applications.
9. Obtain the relation between one step transition probability matrix and n-step tran-
sition probability matrix. Also obtain the relation between state pmf at time n and
one step transition probability matrix.
OR
10. Sketch the transition diagram of a birth and death process. Obtain the expression
of state probability pj in terms of µ and λ
11. (a) Define an M/M/1 queue and obtain its steady state balance equation? 7
Marks
1
(b) Explain the basic characteristics of a queuing system? 3 Marks
OR
12. (a) Derive the Blocking probability of an M/M/m/m queue? 7 Marks

(b) Consider an M/M/1 queuing system having λ= 6 & µ= 8 Find the probability
of at least 10 customers in the system ? 3 Marks
2
06EC6151 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FIRST SEMESTER
Radiating Systems For Communication
PART A
4×5 M arks
1. Define the parameters of radiation.
2. Compare monopoles and dipoles.
3. Explain the practical limits on antenna size.
4. What are the reasons for the interest of antenna engineers in FDTD methods. .
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. Determine the electric and magnetic field components that exist in the three field
regions of a hertzian dipole.
OR
6. Discuss the antenna parameters a) Field Pattern, b) Directivity c) radiation effi-
ciency. Derive the relationship between directivity and HPBW of an antenna.
7. Derive the expression for received power of an antenna in terms of transmitting
antenna parameters? What are intentional and unintentional radiators?
OR
8. Derive the expression for effective length of an antenna. Explain the significance of
antenna factor. Explain the working of a radiometer.
9. Explain the various feeds used for feeding microstrip patch antenna?
OR
10. Explain the working of patch antenna and design a microstrip patch antenna for
10 GHz using a substrate RT Duroid 5880 with permittivity 2.2 and thickness
0.1588cm.
11. Give the advantages of FDTD over other methods used in computational electro-
magnetic? Give the three dimensional formulation of maxwells equation compatible
for FDTD analysis? Why Yees algorithm is known as robust algorithm?
OR
12. Develop Yees algorithm from Maxwells equation.
1
06EC6251 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
FIRST SEMESTER
Image and Video Processing
PART A
4×5 M arks
1. What is chromaticity diagram? explain.
2. Compare any three properties of first order derivative and second order derivative.
Why second order derivative is not normally used for edge detection.
3. How the principal components are used for image description?
4. What is spatio-temporal sampling process?
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. What is the purpose of color models and explain the three major color models, most
commonly used in digital Image processing.
OR
6. For the given orthogonal transform matrix A and image U. Obtain the transformed
image and the basis images of A . Also perform the inverse transform.

1 1 1 1 2
A = √2 ,U =
1 −1 3 4
7. What are the different methods for detecting edges in an images.
OR
8. What is segmentation? Explain different thresholding methods used for image
segmentation?
9. List various image representation schemes and description schemes employed in
image processing and explain Boundary description using shape numbers in detail.
OR
10. Give an overview of regional descriptors used for image description and explain in
detail the region description that quantifies texture content in an image.
11. Explain different video compression standards.
OR
12. Explain the intra and inter frame prediction.
1
06EC6451 Reg Number. . . . . . . . .
Name. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

FIRST SEMESTER
Optical Networks

PART A
4×5 M arks
1. What is meant by PDH? Identify the Problems of PDH?
2. Examine the several key functions that an OXC provides in a network.
3. Explain the different concepts of traffic rerouting.
4. (a) Distinguish between statistical dimensioning models and maximum load dimen-
sioning models?
(b) What is Routing and Wavelength assignment Problem?
PART B
4×10 M arks
5. (a) Draw and explain the structure of an STS-1 frame.

(b) Also detail about the functions of the overheads associated.
OR
6. (a)With the help of a diagram explain the forwarding mechanism in a network of

Ethernet Switches using the spanning tree protocol.
(b) Explain in detail Resilient Packet Ring with its node structure
7. With figures explain the various architectures of Optical add drop multiplexers.
OR
8. Describe all-optical OXC configurations.
9. (a) Explain the Access Network Architecture?

(b) Show that in a ring architecture if the protection capacity is less than the work-
ing capacity, then service cannot be restored under certain single failure conditions?
OR
10. Explain bit interleaved and packet interleaved Optical Time Division Multiplexing
(OTDM) with neat figure?
1
11. a) Explain in detail the SONET/SDH core network.
(b) What are the deficiencies encountered in a SONET/SDH based network archi-
tecture.
OR
12. (a) With the help of suitable figures explain and compare the different OADM ar-
chitectures.
(b) Illustrate on the increasing complexity of deploying networks using serial OADMs
using an example.
2
06EC6015 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: VLSI & Embedded systems
CMOS DIGITAL DESIGN
PART A
1. Give a comparison between NMOS , pseudo NMOS and CMOS logic with help
of a suitable example
2. Draw a 2 input BiCMOS NAND gate?
3. Explain level converter flip flop?
4. Draw the circuit diagram of a 6T SRAM cell. How are the READ/WRITE
operations performed in an SRAM cell?
PART B
5. (a) Draw the voltage transfer characteristic (VTC) curve of a CMOS inverter
and identify the regions of operation of the transistors corresponding to the
regions in the VTC. Assume that the transistors are having symmetrical rise
and fall times and operating at 3.2 V. Threshold voltage is Vtn=|Vtp|=0.7 V.
(5 marks)
(b)How noise margin can be estimated from the VTC? Calculate the noise
margin of an inverter having the following parameters:
VIL=0.6 V, VIH=1.5 V, VOL=0.2 V, VOH=1.8 V (5 marks)
OR
6. (a) Explain on different Interconnect impacts in a VLSI circuit with relevant
equations. (5 marks)
(b) How cross talk effects are controlled in interconnect engineering? (5 marks)
7. Briefly explain
i) MODL ii) CMOS power dissipation
1
OR
8. Justify “race problem can be overcome by NORA logic”?
9. Discuss the maximum and minimum delay constraints concept in flip flops,
two phase latches and pulsed latches sequencing styles?
OR
10. (a) Discuss global clock generation scheme in a chip? (6 marks)
(b).Briefly explain the working of simple synchronizer? (4 marks)
11. Discuss the advantages of mirror adder and Manchester carry chain adder
circuits with that of a static full adder design.
OR
12. Discuss how a barrel shifter and a logarithmic shifter can be implemented using
pass transistor topologies.
2
06EC6025 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: VLSI & Embedded Systems
Analog Integrated Circuit Design -1
PART A
1. Illustrate the effect of gate substrate voltage on surface condition in MOS device.
2. Discuss the advantages of source referenced models over body referenced models.
3. Explain the effect of velocity saturation on drain current characteristics
4. Check whether the transistor, M1 in the following common-source amplifier is
operating in saturation region. Obtain its voltage gain.
Given : μnCox=100 μA/V2, W/L ratio = 10, Threshold voltage (VTH) = 0.5 V, Channel
length modulation parameter λ=0, VDD=2 V, Gate –source bias voltage (VGS) = 1.2 V,
RD= 3 KΩ

PART B
5. Explain general analysis a of 2 terminal MOS structure.
OR
6. Describe a) Body effect b) Pinch- off voltage

7. a) Derive the expression for the Drift and Diffusion current components in a 4-Terminal
MOS device using complete-all-region model approximation? Brief the change in current
components when Source-referenced models used?
OR
8. a) For a Four-Terminal MOS structure, with the help of suitable derivations explain the
simplified symmetric Strong-Inversion model. Using Simplified Source-referenced
Strong-Inversion Model, derive the expressions for Drain to Source current in Triode and
saturation region of operation?
[Assume α ≈ 1 and γ = small].
9. Explain scaling of S/D junction capacitance, power dissipation and intrinsic gain in
analog circuit with diagram
OR
10. Explain the significance of ‘Input referred noise’ in circuits. Calculate the input-referred
noise voltage of a common gate stage with resistive load.
11. (a) Draw the ac equivalent circuit of a source follower with resistive load and derive
expression for voltage gain, input and output impedance. Assume no channel length
modulation effect. (6 marks)
(b) Calculate the gain of the common source amplifier with R D= 500 Ω. If the output of
the amplifier is fed to an antenna having a resistance of 50 Ω, calculate the reduction in
gain. If a source follower is used as a buffer stage in between, what improvement in gain
can be expected? Assume transconductance of transistors in CS amplifier and CD
amplifier is same and is equal to 25 mS. (4 marks)
OR
12. Draw the circuit of a cascode amplifier and derive its voltage gain. Mention two
advantages of cascode amplifier over common source amplifier
06EC6035 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Advanced Microcontrollers and Real Time Operating Systems

PART A
1. Illustrate how the pipeline mechanism works in ARM 11 Microprocessor.
2. Explain five methods of saving memory space in embedded systems.
3. Explain the concept of buffer exchange, buffer under run and over run with the help of figures.
4. What is the relevance of software performance engineering?
PART B
5. Explain about TLB organization and different modes of operation in ARM 11 Microprocessor
family.
OR
6. Explain the architecture of ARM 11 Microprocessor family with a neat block diagram. Also
mention its features.
7. Write a pseudo code to implement a device with two ports on it that forwards data traffic
received on the first port (encrypted data) to the second (decrypted data) and vice versa.
Implement the design using the round robin with interrupt software architecture. Briefly
describe the advantages and disadvantages of round robin with interrupt software architecture
over other software architectures.
OR
8. (a) Explain in detail the two rules that the interrupt routines in most RTOS follow, with the help
of required timing diagrams. (6 marks)
(b) Write a short note on tasks, task states and scheduler in an RTOS (4 marks)
9. (a) Explain the purpose of debugging techniques? (3 marks)

(b) Write a short note on Incircuit emulator? (7marks)
OR
10. Write short note on ?
a) memory leakage b) Board support Package
11. Discuss the hardware and software modules of an intersection controller for a four way
junction.
OR
12. What are the applications of Smart Cards? Discuss the hardware and software of a Smart
Card used in ATM transactions.

06EC6045 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: VLSI &Embedded Systems
Embedded System Design
PART A
1. List and define the three main characteristics of embedded systems that
distinguish such systems from other computing systems?
2. Explain about RT level sequential components.
3. Explain the common types of serial protocols used with an embedded system
4. What are the objectives of control design?

PART B
5. With the help of a neat sketch explain an embedded system taking digital
camera as an example.
OR
6. a) List and define three main design technologies. How are each of the three
different design technologies helpful to designers? (7 marks)
b) For a particular product, you determine the NRE cost and unit cost to be the
following for the three listed IC technologies : FPGA:($10,000 ,$50)
ASIC: ($50,000, $ 10) VLSI : ($200,000,$5). Determine precise volumes for
which each technology yields the lowest total cost. (3 marks)
7. a) What is a single purpose processor ? What are the benefits of using
a single purpose processor over a general purpose processor? (5 marks)
b) Explain RT level combinational components with help of diagrams
(5 marks)
1
OR
8. a) Explain the steps to optimize custom single purpose processors (5 marks)
b) With the help of a neat sketch, explain the basic architecture of
a general purpose processor. (5 marks)
9. a) Explain ISA bus protocol (5 marks)
b) Write short notes on the protocols
i) PCI Bus
ii) ARM Bus (5 marks)
OR
10. a) Explain the basic techniques by which cache mapping can be
accomplished (5 marks)
b) Write short notes on
i) flash Memory
iii) RDRAM (5 marks)
11. Explain the following:

a) Benefits of computer based control (4 marks)
b) Practical issues related to computer based control (6 marks)
OR
12. a) Explain different parts of control system? (3 marks)
b) With neat sketch explain design steps of an open loop automobile cruise
controller? (7 marks)
2
06EC6255 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Elective I - ADVANCED DIGITAL SYSTEMS DESIGN
PART A
1. Explain the Offset and Kitty corner adjacencies with an example.

2. Briefly explain any two standard sequential modules in details.
3. Timing problems in asynchronous sequential circuit results in improper
operation of the circuit. Explain and illustrate the same using examples.
4. Discuss about a method or circuit that provides an asynchronous-synchronous
interface.
PART B
5. F1(a, b, c, d) = Σ m(1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14)

F2(a, b, c, d) = Σ m(2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15)
a) Realize F1 and F2 using a PLA. Give the PLA table and internal connection
diagram for the PLA.
b) Find a minimum two-level NOR gate circuit to realize F1 and F2. Use as
many common gates as possible.
OR
6. The function F = B′D′E′ + AB′C + C′DE′ +A′BC′D is to be implemented in an
FPGA which uses 3-variable lookup tables.
(a) Expand F about the variables A and B.
(b) Expand F about the variables B and C.
(c) Expand F about the variables A and C.
(d) Use any one of the preceding/above mentioned answers to implement F
using only three 3-variable lookup tables and a 4-to-1 MUX. Give the truth
tables for the lookup tables.
1
7. A sequential circuit has one input (X) and one output (Z). The circuit examines
groups of four consecutive inputs and produces an output Z = 1 if the input
sequence 0101 or 1001 occurs. The circuit resets after every four inputs. Find
the Mealy state graph.
A typical sequence of inputs and outputs is
X = 0101 0010 1001 0100
Z = 0001 0000 0001 0000.
OR
8. A sequential circuit has one input (X) and two outputs (Z1 and Z2). An output
Z1 = 1 occurs every time the input sequence 100 is completed, provided that the
sequence 010 has never occurred. An output Z2 = 1 occurs every time the input
sequence 010 is completed. Note that once a Z2 = 1 output has occurred, Z1 =
1 can never occur but not vice versa. Find a Mealy type logic diagram.
9. An asynchronous sequential circuit is described by the following excitation and

output functions:
Y1 = x1 x2 + x1 y2’ + x2’ y1
Y2 = x2 + x1 y1’ y2 + x1’ y1
z= x2+y1
a) Draw the logic diagram of the circuit.
b) Derive the transition table and output map
c) Obtain the flow table for the circuit.
OR
10. What is a hazard in a logical circuit? What are the different types of hazards
occurring in combinational circuits?
a. Find static hazards in the circuit for the switching function
F(A,B,C,D) = ∑ m(1,3,5,7,10,11,14,15)
b. Modify the circuit to eliminate the hazard.
11. Implement i) a parallel adder with accumulator and ii) a 4 bit loadable right-
shift register using FPGA. Each slice in FPGA contains two 4-variable function
generators (LUTs), two D-CE flip-flops, and additional logic for carry and
control.
OR
12. Explain in detail about the sources and effects of skew and jitter in digital
system design.
2
06EC6355 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: VLSI & Embedded System
DSP Algorithms and Processors
PART A
1. What are superscalar and VLIW architectures? Explain the options available to
achieve parallelism with these processors.
2. State and explain data hazards in a computer and their solutions in a pipelined
architecture with suitable examples.
3. What is meant by linear assembly programming.
4. Give a brief idea about interrupts in SHARC processor.
PART B
5. Explain the salient hard ware features employed in DSP processors for the efficient
operation of signal processing algorithms with appropriate illustrations. (10 marks)
OR
6. Explain the key principles employed in the design of an efficient instruction set for a
DSP processor with examples. (10 marks)
7. a) What is dynamic branch prediction? Explain the functioning of a (2,2) branch

predictor with suitable illustrations. (7 marks)
1
b) How many branch-selected entries are in a (2,2) predictor that has a total of 8K bits in
the prediction buffer? (3 marks)
OR
8. a) Explain memory hierarchy in DSP Processors and why use memory hierarchy?
(5 marks)
b) Explain the 2-way set associative process of placing a block in a cache with an
example. (5 marks)
9. a) With a neat diagram, explain how the data transmission and reception operations are
done in the multichannel buffered serial ports of the 6713 processor. (5 marks)
b) Write an example program to illustrate calling of a linear ASM function by a C

program. (5 marks)
OR
10. a) Create a circular memory of size 64 bytes in processor TMS320C6x with starting
address at 0100h using register A4. (5 marks)
b) Explain code improvement. How is it achieved? Discuss the constraints. (5 marks)
11. a) Which features of the ADSP processors help to implement fast context switching?
(5 marks)
b) Give a brief overview of the memory organization in the SHARC processor. (5 marks)
OR
12. Draw the block diagram of an ADSP2106x series of SHARC processors indicating the
major functional units. (10 marks)
2
A
06NE6011 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

M.TECH DEGREEEXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Network Engineering
Theoretical Foundation in Computer Networking
PART A
1. Develop reverse star representation of given network.
2. Write a short notes on Floyd-warshall algorithm with an example?

3. Explain the difference between a ‘saturating push’ and ‘non-saturating push’
in the context of max-flow algorithms with adequate diagrams.
4. What is path optimality condition in minimum spanning tree. How it is
different from cut optimality principle.
PART B
1
5. Discuss the following approaches with an examples.
a. Geometric improvement approach.
b. Scaling approach.
c. Dynamic programming approach.
OR
6. Explain Topological Ordering. Discuss the algorithm and solve given network.
How it is extended for detecting positive cycles from the network.
7. Discuss Heap implementation of Dijkstra’s method using given network.
OR
8. Consider given maximum flow network. Capacity of arcs (1,2), (1,4) (4,7) and
(1,3) is 4. All other arcs are having capacity 2.
2
a. Using the given network, develop distance labels and layered
network.
b. Discuss Dinic’s Algorithm and apply it on the given network to
find out maximum flow.
9. Explain generic augmentation method used in maximum flow problems. How

it can be modified using capacity scaling? Discuss the algorithm and solve the
given network in different steps using capacity scaling method.
OR
10. Explain Primal –Dual algorithm in minimum cost maximum flow algorithm.
Use it for solving the given network.
11. Explain Kruskal’s Algorithm. With adequate steps, develop a minimum

spanning tree from the given network using Kruskal’s Algorithm.
3
OR
12. Explain Convex cost flows with suitable real life examples. Discuss the
relationship between cost and traffic.
4
B
06NE6021 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Network Engineering (IT)
ADVANCED COMPUTER NETWORKS
PART A
1. Differentiate between subnetting and supernetting.

2. List the shortcomings of RIP and their corresponding fixes.
3. Draw the TCP header and name all the relevant fields.
4. What is the fast retransmit mechanism of TCP?
PART B
5. a) What is Network Address Translation? (3 marks)

b) Substantiate why ISPs need Network Address Translation? (7 marks)
OR
6. a) What is fragmentation and reassembly? (3 marks)
b) Design an algorithm for reassembling fragments of an IP packet at the
destination. (7 marks)
7. a) What is distance vector routing? (5 marks)
b) Find the routing table of D for the given network using distance vector
routing. (5 marks)
1
OR
8. a) What is Link State Routing? How is link state routing achieved in OSPF
routing? ( 8 marks)
b) Why do OSPF messages propagate faster than RIP messages? (2 marks)
9. Brief the procedure of TCP connection establishment and termination.
(10 marks)
OR
10. a) What is Silly Window Syndrome? ( 3 marks)
b) What are the different steps through which TCP ensures flow control
between sender and receiver? (7 marks)
11. Discuss the following TCP congestion control mechanisms
i) Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease
ii) Slow Start
(10 marks)
OR
12. a) What is QoS? Discuss components of Differentiated Services? ( 4 marks)
b) Suppose a router has three input flows and one output. It receives the packet
in the order < packet, size, flow> as given below. Give the order in which
packets are transmitted using (i) Fair Queuing (ii) Weighted FQ with flow 2
having weight 2 and other two with weight 1.
<1,100,1>,<2,100,1>,<3,100,1><4, 50,1>,<5,90,2>,<6, 200,2>, <7, 150,3>,
<8, 50, 3> (6 marks)
2
06NE6031 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Wireless & Ad hoc Networks
PART A
1. What are the disadvantages of the binary exponential back-off mechanism

used in MACA?
2. Is a table driven routing protocol suitable for high- mobility environment?
Justify your answer.
3. List the advantages and disadvantages of TCP-F protocol.
4. What happens if the bandwidth reservation fails in an on-demand QoS routing
protocol?
PART B
5. a) What are the design issues in designing a MAC protocol for Ad hoc
wireless networks? (4 marks)
b) Explain any two sender initiated MAC protocols. (6 marks)
OR
6. a) Draw and outline the frame structure in PRMA and SRMA protocols.
(6 marks)
b) How the scheduling table is created in distributed wireless ordering
protocol? (4 marks)
7. a) For the network shown below, determine the fisheye routing table for node
7 and node 5. (6 marks)
1
b) Illustrate the route establishment in wireless routing protocol (WRP) with
appropriate diagram. (4 marks)
OR
8. a) What are the two basic approaches for maintenance of the multicast tree in
bandwidth efficient multicast protocol (BEMRP)? Which of the two performs
better? Why? (5 marks)
b) Explain with neat diagram the MCEDAR protocol for multicast routing in
Ad hoc wireless networks. (5 marks)
9. a) What is channel capture effect? How split TCP provides a solution to this
problem? (5 marks)
b) Explain the Application controlled transport protocol in detail.
(5 marks)
OR
10. a) List and discuss the issues and challenges in designing a security protocol
for Ad hoc wireless networks. (5 marks)
b) Outline the various key management approaches used in Ad hoc wireless
networks. (5 marks)
11. a) List and discuss the issues in providing QoS in Ad hoc wireless networks.
(5 marks)
b) List the advantages and disadvantages of Bandwidth Routing (BR)
protocol. (5 marks)
OR
2
12. a) Draw and explain the flow chart of power management scheme using
remote activated switch. (6 marks)
b) Explain any one processor power management scheme. (4 marks)
3
D
06NE6041 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________
FIRST SEMESTER
Cloud Computing Concepts
PART A
1. How can you differentiate utility computing and cloud computing?
2. “Cloud brings in new threats”, justify the statement?
3. Explain Hypervisor Clustering Architecture.
4. Enlist the characteristics of SaaS
4 x 5=20Marks
PART B
5. a. Discuss the roles and boundaries in a cloud computing platform. (5 marks)
b. “The very nature of cloud computing is the ultimate flexibility—any resource
in any volume and at any time.” Justify the statement. (5 marks)
OR
6. What represents a specific type of cloud environment, primarily distinguished by
ownership, size and access? Mention the different types.
7. a. Discuss about cloud security threats. (5 marks)
b. Explain denial of service attacks in cloud. (5 marks)
OR
8. a. What technique is used to isolate of a network environment from the rest of a
communications network? (5 marks)
b. Different cloud service consumers utilize different technologies to interface
with virtualized cloud storage devices, why? (5 marks)
9. a. Explain Automated Scaling Listener with a neat diagram. (5 marks)
b. A company has decided to make its role-playing application available to
various mobile and Smartphone devices. A complication that hindered the
1
company’s development team during the mobile enhancement design stage
was the difficulty in reproducing identical user experiences across different
mobile platforms. What should the company do to resolve this issue? (5 marks)
OR
10. Identify the entity which is used to specifically observe the runtime performance
of cloud services to ensure that they are fulfilling the contractual QoS.
11. Describe about the set of usage cost metric for calculating cost associated with
cloud based IT resource usage measurement.
OR
12. When Iaas environment is used to provide cloud consumers with virtualized
network environment, each cloud consumer is provided IT resource from multiple
geographic data centers, why?
4 x 10=40Marks
2
E
06NE6451 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

M.TECH DEGREEEXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
NETWORK ENGINEERING
LINUX SHELL SCRIPTING
PART A
1. Explain difference of MV and CP command.

2. Write a note on crontab file.
3. Write a shell program to find whether a number is Odd or Even.
4. List out the 8 common linux signals you have encountered.
PART B
5. What is the peculiarity of directory system in Unix. Explain different directories in Unix?
Also specify with example relative path and absolute path. (10 Marks)
OR
6. a) Write the command to Create a user called alex and set his password as 123. Also
create a user group called student and set password as cisco?
( 4 Marks)
b) How does Unix manage files. Give commands for managing files in Unix.
(6 Marks)
7. What are system calls? Write a program to create a child process and show how exec
commands preempts different processes. (10 Marks)
OR
8. a) What is GRUB loader? How does it differ from Linux Loader? How can you
differentiate GRUB1 and GRUB2? (6 Marks)
b) What is a fork command used for? Write an example for creating parent and child
process also print there process id? (4 Marks).
9. a.) Write a shell program to find largest of 3 numbers. (4 Marks)

b.) Write a shell program to find whether a given number is prime or not.
(6 Marks)
OR
10. a) Write a shell program to reverse a number. (4 Marks)
b) Wrte a shell program to sort an array in descending order. (6 Marks)
11. a) Consider the following page-reference string in a 4-frames system that works on
LRU-based Replacement algorithm. 2, 1, 3, 4, 2, 1, 5, 6, 2, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 6
List the total page faults that will happen in the system in the correct sequence.
List the sequence and total page faults if the system had 5 frames instead of 4.
(6 Marks)
b) Explain with program how to run scripts without a console (4 Marks)
Or
12.
a)
Assume all process Burst Time (ms) Priority
arrived
simultaneously.Process
P0 10 3
P1 1 1
P2 2 4
P3 1 5
P4 5 2
i. Draw Gantt-chart for “Priority Scheduling” and calculate average waiting time and
turnaround time.
ii. Draw Gantt-chart for “Shortest Job First” and calculate average waiting time and
turnaround time.
iii. Draw Gantt-chart for “Round Robin Scheduling” with time quantum = 4ms and
calculate average waiting time.
(6 Marks)
b) Explain how to run scripts in background . (4 Marks)

06SP6011 Name:
Reg.No:

M.TECH. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch:SIGNAL PROCESSING
LINEAR ALGEBRA
Time: 3hr Max. Marks: 60
PART- A
Answer all questions (4 × 5 = 20 marks)
   
1 2 1 1 2 3 1
1. Compute AB using block multiplication, where A =  3 4 0  and B =  4 5 6 1 
0 0 2 0 0 0 1
2. Find the coordinate of (1, 1, 1, ) relative to the basis {(1, 2, 3), (−4, 5, 6), (7, −8, 9)} of R3 .
3. Show that in an Inner Product Space (V,< . >) if u, v V then ||u + v||2 − ||u − v||2 = 4 < u, v >.
4. Show that if λ is an eigen value of matrix A then λ2 is an eigen value of A2 .
PART- B (4 × 10 = 40 marks)
(M arks are equally distributed f or each question and subquestions therein).

 
1 0 2
5. (a) Find the inverse of  2 −1 3  using Gauss-Jordan method.
4 1 8
 
1 −3 5
(b) Find LDU decomposition of  2 −4 7 
−1 −2 1
OR
6. Using Gauss Elimination method solve:

x + 2y + 4z − 5t = 3
3x − y + 5z + 2t = 4
5x − 4y + 6z + 9t = 2.
7. Find Rank and Nullity of T : R4 → R3 defined as T (x, y, z, t) = (x−y+z+t, x+2z−t, x+y+3z−3t).
OR
8. Find T (1, −1, 0, 1)where T : R4 → R3 is a linear transformation whose kernel is spanned by

(1, 2, 3, 4) and (0, 1, 1, 1).
9. Let M2 (R) be the space of all 2×2 real matrices. Define the inner product on M2 (R) as < A, B >=
T race(B T A). Find an orthogonal basis for
(a) space of all 2 × 2 real diagonal matrices.
1
(b) space of all 2 × 2 real symmetric matrices.
OR
10. For any two vectors u, v in an inner product space, prove that ||u + v|| ≤ ||u|| + ||v||.
 
2 1 −2
11. Diagonalize:  2 3 −4  .
1 1 −1
OR
 
1 −1
12. Find SVD of  −1 1 .
2 −2
**************
2
06SP6021 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Electronics(Signal Processing)
Probability and Random Processes
PART A
1 a Three light bulbs are chosen at random from 15 bulbs of which 5 are
defective. Find the probability that
i. None are defective

ii. Exactly one is defective
b Which of the following is valid probability density function? Justify.
i. f ( x )=e−x u ( x )
ii. f ( x )=e∣x∣
2
2 a If X is a Gaussian random variable with μ=0 and σ =1 , find the
P [∣ X∣≥3 ] using Chebyshev inequality.
b What do law of large numbers state?

3 With relevant sketch describe a random process. Also mention the different
classification with appropriate examples.
4 With suitable examples classify the different Markov states.
1 1
PART B
5 State Bayes’ theorm.

A laboratory blood test is 95% effective in detecting a certain disease, when
is in fact present. However, the test also yields a ‘false positive’ result for
1% of the healthy person tested. If 0.5% of the population has the disease,
what is the probability a person has the disease given that the result is
positive.
OR
6 The joint probability density function of two discrete random variables
X and Y is given by where x and y can assume any integer.
f ( X , Y )= {
c ( 2x+ y ) 0 ≤ x ≤2,0 ≤ y ≤3
0 otherwise
i. Find c .
ii. Find cov [ XY ] and the correlation coefficient.
7 State central limit theorm.
The life time of certain brand of an electric bulb may be considered as a
random variable with mean 1200 hours and standard deviation 250 hours.
Find the probability using central limit theorm that the average life time of
60 bulbs exceeds1250 hours.
OR
8 The joint probability density function of bivariate random variable
(X ,Y ) is given by {
f ( X , Y )= k 0< y ≤ x<1
0 otherwise where k is a
constant. Determine
i. k
ii. The marginal probability density functions of X and Y .
iii. The conditional mean

E [ ]
X
y .
iv. The conditional variance

Var [ ]
X
y .
2 2
9 Write three properties of autocorrelation.
Find if the following is a valid autocorrelation function. Also justify your

answer.
{
∣τ∣
R ( τ )= 1− T ;∣τ∣<T
i.
0 ; otherwise
ii. R ( τ )=2sin ( πτ )
Consider a random process X ( t ) defined by X ( t )=Acos ( ωt ) where

ω is a constant and A is a random variable uniformly distributed
R ( t1 , t2 )
over ( 0,1 ) . Find the autocorrelation .
OR
10 A wide sense stationary process X (t ) with autocorrelation
R ( τ )= A e−a∣τ ∣ where A and a are real positive constants, is

applied to the input of an LTI system with impulse response
h ( t )=e−bt u ( t ) where b is real positive constant. Find the power
spectral density of the output Y ( t ) of the system.
11 Prove that the sum of two independent Poisson process is also Poisson
process.
Aircraft arrives at an airport according to a Poisson process at a rate of 12
per hour. If the controller takes a 2-minute coffee break, what is the
probability that he will miss one or more arriving aircraft?
OR
12 State and prove Chapman-Kolmogorov theorm.
Explain the birth-death process.
3 3
<06SP 6031 > Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: <Signal processing>
< MULTIRATE SIGNAL PROCESSING>
PART A
1. Check whether a decimator is LTI or not.

2. Derive the relationship between polyphase matrix and AC matrix.
3. Show that it is not possible to realize the linear phase analysis filters in a
perfect reconstruction system unless power complementary restriction is
removed from the analysis FIR filters.
4. List any five advantages of cosine modulated perfect reconstruction system.
PART B
5. State and prove six noble identities in multirate signal processing.

(10 marks)
OR
6. (a) Derive the z transform relation between an input and output of a decimator
(5 Marks)
(b) Represent analysis filters and synthesis filters of a two channel uniform
filter bank systems in terms of its Type-1 polyphase components and Type-2
polyphase components respectively. Explain how polyphase
representation reduces the implementation complexity. (5 Marks)
7. (a) Draw a block diagram of M-channel maximally decimated filter bank.
Derive an expression for the reconstructed signal. (4 mark)
1
(b) With a suitable diagrams, Implement the polyphase representation of M-
channel maximally decimated filter banks. (6 mark)
OR
8. What is meant by a PR system? Discuss the necessary and sufficient condition
for perfect reconstruction. Give an example. (10 marks)
9. If E(Z) is paraunitary, prove that the relationship between 2 analysis filters in
a FIR paraunitary QMF bank is
̃ 0(-Z), |𝐶| = 1,L=Odd
(a) H1(Z)=C Z-L 𝐻 (6 mark)
(b) h1(n)= -C (-1)n h0*(L-n) (4 mark)
OR
10. a) Briefly describe the filter bank properties induced by paraunitariness of
E(Z) in a two channel QMF system. (5 marks)
b) Show that if H0(Z) of a perfect reconstruction two channel QMF system
satisfies power symmetry, E(Z) is paraunitary. (5 marks)
11. Derive the alias cancellation condition for cosine modulated pseudo QMF
bank. (10 Marks)
OR
12. Discuss about efficient polyphase structure of the M-channel cosine
modulated analysis filter bank . (10 Marks)
2
06SP6041 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________

FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Signal Processing
DSP ALGORITHMS AND PROCESSORS
PART A
1. What are the needs for a special processor for signal processing? What are the facilities
available in DSP processors to satisfy such needs?
2. Briefly explain the hardware arrangement used for hardware based speculation?
3. Briefly explain pipelining in TMS320C6x DSP processor
4. Give a brief idea about interrupts in SHARC processor.
PART B
5.a Your company has just bought a new dual Pentium processor, and you have been tasked
with optimizing your software for this processor. You will run two applications on this
dual Pentium, but the resource requirements are not equal. The first application needs
75% of the resources, and the other only 25% of the resources. Given that 60% of the
first application and 95% of the second application are parallelizable, how much overall
system speedup would you observe if you parallelized both applications?
(6 marks)
5.b Derive an expression for speed up from pipelining with stalls. (4 marks)
OR
6.a How will you measure, report and summarize performance of computers?
(3 marks)
6.b A sequence of instructions is given below. Identify issue of data hazards in this case if we
are implementing it using 5 stage pipeline in MIPS architecture. What are the data
hazard stalls that can be eliminated by forwarding?
DADD R2, R3, R4
LD R1, O(R2)
DSUB R4, R1, R5
AND R6, R1, R7 (7 marks)
7. a. Show what the 7 fields of the reservation station and the Qi field of the register file look
like for the following code sequence when the MUL.D is ready to write its result:
L.D F6, 32(R2)
L.D F2, 44(R3)
MUL.D F0, F2, F4
SUB.D F8, F2, F6
DIV.D F10, F0, F6
ADD.D F6, F8, F2 (6 marks)
7.b Assume we have a computer where the clock per instruction (CPI) is 1.0 when all
memory accesses hit in the cache. The only data accesses are loads and stores, and
these total 50% of the instructions. If the miss penalty is 25 clock cycles and the miss
rate is 2%, how much faster would the computer be if all instructions were cache hits?
(4 marks)
OR
8.a With the help of a state diagram, explain dynamic branch-prediction using a two bit branch-
prediction buffer? (6 marks)
8.b Let’s use an in-order execution computer. Assume the cache miss penalty is 200 clock
cycles, and all instructions normally take 1.0 clock cycles (ignoring memory stalls).
Assume the average miss rate is 2%, there is an average of 1.5 memory references per
instruction, and the average number of cache misses per 1000 instructions is 30. What is
the impact on performance when behavior of the cache is included? Calculate the impact
using both misses per instruction and miss rate. (4 marks)
9.a With a neat diagram, explain how the data transmission and reception operations are
done in the multichannel buffered serial ports of the 6713 processor. (4 marks)
9.b Assume (A0)=500h, (A4)=4. Find out the values of registers A0 and A1 in the following
cases:
i) LDW .D1 *+ A0[1], A1
ii) LDW .D1 *++A0[A4], A1
iii) LDW .D1 *A0++[2], A1 (6 marks )
OR
10.a Write an example program to illustrate calling of an assembly function by a C program.
(6 marks)
10.b Explain the role of eight independent functional units within the CPU of TMS320C6x.
(4 marks)
11.a Give a brief overview of the memory organization in the SHARC processor. (5 marks)
11.b Which features of the ADSP processors help to implement fast context switching?
(5 marks)
OR
12 Draw the block diagram of an ADSP2106x series of SHARC processors indicating the
major functional units. (10 marks)
06 SP 6151 Reg. No _______________
Name _________________
FIRST SEMESTER
Branch: Signal Processing
Artificial Neural Networks
PART A
1. Which architecture will be preferred when input vector space is high? Explain.
2. In multilayer Perceptron which parameter is needed to calculate δ?

Substantiate answer with appropriate examples.
3. Suggest a method, if it is not possible to construct a hyper plane without

encountering classification errors.
4. Give accounts to learning vector quantization.
PART B
5. Explain in detail about PAC model.
OR
1
6. Which type of learning is preferred for the need of minimizing the cost
function? Compare it with memory based Learning.
7. Develop an algorithm for defining synaptic weights for an unknown Dynamic

system. Also state the role of single layer perceptron in it.
OR
8. How it is possible to state that a perceptron algorithm converges or not?

Substantiate with proof. Also explain LMs algorithm
9. State and explain the role of Support vector Machine in non linear regression.
OR
10. How Quadratic optimization is used in optimal hyper plane
11. what will be the nature of variance in feature extraction? Suggest a method to
maximize the rate of decrease in variance.
OR
12. How the signal pattern is converted to 2 dimensional map? Give details for
the method

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EXAM SLOT: D

06EE 6 04 1 Reg. No _______________

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. With a neat schematic diagram, describe the essential features of rotating

(4 x 5 marks =20 marks)

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. If u ( x, y ) is a harmonic function in x and y , where z = x + iy , then show that

x1 − x 2 ≤ 10, 2 x1 − x 2 ≤ 40, and x1 , x 2 ≥ 0

f ' ( z 0 ) ≠ 0 then show that w = f ( z ) is conformal at z 0

8. a. Consider the random process X (t ) = Cos (t + ϕ ) , where ϕ is a random

x1 + 2 x 2 + 3 x3 = 15, 2 x1 + x 2 + 5 x3 = 20, x1 + 2 x 2 + x3 + x 4 = 10 and

11. Write Khun-Tucker conditions and use them to minimize

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. Discuss freewheeling effect in controlled rectifiers.

7. Explain different modes of operation of Voltage commutated chopper with

11. Explain Sinusoidal PWM Techniques for inverters with waveforms.

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

5. Derive an expression for moment of inertia and equivalent torque referred to

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. Diagonalize the given system ̇ =[ ] . Also obtain the Eigen

4. Determine the stability of given system by Lyapunov’s second method

6. A system is described by the following equation by ̇ = [ ] + [ ] �;

8. Determine the controllability and observability of the given system

11. A) Explain the Krasovskii’s theorem with an example

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

M.TECH. DEGREE EXAMINATION, DECEMBER 2016

Branch: Computer Science and Engineering

MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE

Answer ALL questions

2. State Chinese Remainder Theorem.

3. Compute the scalar cardinality of the fuzzy set

(4 x 5 marks =20 marks)

11. a) Find the inverse of (3 - 2) Q(2).

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 60

6.b What are suffix trees ? (5 marks)

9. Explain in detail linked list representation of a disjoint set. (10 marks)

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 60

1. Write about seven dimensions of ISA.

5. a) Define Amdahl's law and explain its importance in in Computer System

9. Explain 3 different Cache organization schemes along with addressing

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. Explain the steps involved in the process of knowledge discovery?

PART B (4 x 10 marks =40 marks)

5. What is data reduction? Explain the different data reduction strategies?

7(a) Explain constraint based association rule mining? (5 marks)

11. Explain the hierarchical methods for clustering with examples.

A P J ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

1. Explain the prototyping model of software development.

5. Explain the Planning Poker method of story point estimation.

11. Explain the following concepts in software engineering: Refactoring, Forward

(4 x 10 marks =40 marks)