Title Introduction Methods Results Conclusion

Author/ URL and

Discussion
1. Subedi, N. (n.d.). Road expansion is Close ended The government Road widening
Effect of Road emerging issue in questionnaire policy and was a
expansion to the Nepal at present implementation necessitybut
Local Household; context to solve the has affected a large let’s not deny
Lalitpur District. traffic problem in the number of people the fact that
Retrieved Major cities in Nepal. in Lalitpur District people have
November 17, The study deals with as most of the been affected
2019, from the impacts o roads have been by the road
https://www.acade There are no sources left unattended, expansion.
mia.edu/26926700 in the current the situation has
/Effect_of_road_ex document. (Nozzi) not only made the
pansion_on_local_ (Nozzi)f road city aesthetically
households_lalitpu expansion on the daily unappealing but
r_district life of local households has created havoc
for pedestrians and
drivers.
2. Gichaga, F.J. (n.d.).the connection Survey The results of the we argue that
The impact of road between study indicate that the
improvements on neighborhoods with there was rehabilitation
road safety and effective road significant road of the
related networks and efficient safety Northern
characteristics. arterial links to centers improvement Corridor from
Retrieved of economic power— between 2003 and Mombasa on
November 2019, holds true today. 2012 due to the the Kenyan
from Neighborhoods enjoy Northern Corridor coast to the
https://www.science relatively higher socio- Road Improvement border with
direct.com/science/a economic Project Uganda has
rticle/pii/S03861112 development if they led to
16300097 are closer to a center significant
of power, such as a road safety
capital city. This is improvement.
particularly true for
countries such as
those in East Africa,
where
underdeveloped areas
tend to lack efficient
road transportation
systems in addition to
other infrastructure.
3. AN ASSESSMENT The report has three Questionnaires Overall the The research
ON THE EFFECTS main parts. The first and surveys questionnaire concluded that
OF ROAD part introduces the showed that there were a
WIDENING OF national road widening respondents had a number of
MAHARLIKA guidelines and wide range of factors that
HIGHWAY practices of the views and opinions influenced the
ROADEX countries on how roads ultimate
FROM BRGY. DEL based on responses should be widened stability of the
PILAR TO BRGY. received from to suit local widened
MAGSAYSAY interviews and conditions. embankment
LOPEZ, QUEZON literature reviews. slopes. These
Some countries include the
publish extensive removal of
guidelines for road vegetation and
widening, others do the
not. In these latter construction of
countries guidance for the benches in
road widening projects the existing
has to be abstracted embankment,
from general road achieving
design manuals. Some adequate
countries do not compaction
produce any guidance and shear
on road widening. strength in the
fill soils,
achieving
compatibility
in the
permeability
of fill
materials,
controlling
surface water
runoff,
considering
the ultimate
ground water
flow regime
and
considering
the required
final
inclination of
the
embankment
slope. The
biggest
problem
identified was
 however a lack
of
appreciation
of the
potential for
failure by the
personnel
involved.

AN ASSESSMENT ON THE This research entitled The study Majority agreed for This study
EFFECTS OF ROAD “an assessment on the conducted in the development concludes that
WIDENING OF MAHARLIKA effects of road Polytechnic of road the road
HIGHWAY widening on Lopez University of infrastructure widening in
FROM BRGY. DEL PILAR TO Maharlika Highway the Philippines although the Lopez
BRGY. MAGSAYSAY LOPEZ, from Brgy. Del Pilar to used process of road Maharlika
QUEZON Brgy. Magsaysay” is interviews, and widening will Highway
constructed from survey favorably and favorably and
descriptive research questionnaires unfavorably impact unfavorably
conducted for the with a total the local residents impact the
purpose of making population of and local residents,
inferences regarding 68 respondents establishments, students
the effects of road clustered and drivers and drivers, and
widening in Lopez between also the passengers.
Daang Maharlika in drivers, and environment.
prospect. passengers
(also students,
residents, and
workers)
randomly
selected to
gather
information for
the completion
of this study.
We also
conducted
physical
observations
on the affected
areas along
Maharlika
Highway.
THE DETERMINANTS OF An efficient land Survey and Results show that Actual results
ROAD CONSTRUCTION IN transport Using the Gross Domestic indicate that
THE PHILIPPINES infrastructure via an Questionnaires Product per capita the official
 extensive road at the time of budget,
network has enormous budget allocation employed
multiplier effects on planning which is 3 population,
the economy years ago per number of
region, positively vehicles,
affects the number of
provision of roads, firms,
whether total road population
or in any road
types. density, and
GDP per
capita, are
significant
factors for
road
construction
allocation in
terms of
monetary
value and
physical
values. It has
been found
that centers
have better
quality roads
compared to
peripheries.
Degradation in urban air quality A large number of studies Surveys and air Pollution From an air
from construction activity and have shown excess health analysis concentrations and quality
increased traffic arising from a risks from living in close sources. The European perspective,
road widening scheme/Anna proximity to roads; Union Limit Values (LV) measurements of
Font, Timothy Baker, Ian S. however their attribution stipulates that annual air pollutants in
Mudway ,Esme Purdie, Christina to single air pollutant is less PM10 should not other local roads
Dunster, Gary W. clear. The adverse health exceed 40 μg m− 3 and are not available
Fuller/https://www.sciencedire effects from road proximity the number of days and it is not
ct.com/science/article/pii/S004 might be due to tailpipe with daily PM10 possible to say if
8969714010900 emissions of airborne concentrations greater the displacement
particles, particles from than 50 μg m− 3 should of traffic onto
non-exhaust sources such not exceed 35. The LV Thames Road led
as tyre and brake wear or for NO2 is 40 μg m− 3 to an
gaseous pollutants as annual mean. These improvement of
including NO2 statistics were residential air
calculated for AQMS-N, quality
AQMS-S and at the elsewhere.
suburban background However, the
(AQMS-back) for 2004 widened road
and 2005 (as experienced a
representative of the notable increase
conditions before the in peak hour
construction works); traffic, more than
for 2006 and 2007 (as twice the increase
representative for the predicted in the
 conditions during the pre-scheme
road works); and 2008 assessment.
and 2009 (as Increases in peak
representative for the hour traffic have
conditions after the also been
road works). observed in other
many road
expansions since
drivers no longer
have to adjust
their peak route
and hour travel
times to avoid the
most congested
routes and
periods. Both
these effects can
negate the
projected
benefits of road
improvements to
reduce
congestion

IMPLICATIONS OF HIGHWAY Transportation The source data Socio-Economic Good road

DEVELOPMENT AND infrastructural for this research Characteristics of the projects clearly
EXPANSION ON URBAN development is undertaken work consists of respondents. Analysis contribute to
RESIDENT IN NIGERIA: A CASE to improve accessibility at a administration of of the survey carried poverty reduction
STUDY OF ABEOKUTA regional or urban level and questionnaires, out showed that status by improving the
METROPOLIS/O. J. Afolabi1,*, to relieve traffic congestion oral and personal distribution of the living conditions
O. A. Oyetubo 2 and O. A. in these areas. This observation in the respondents revealed of people and by
Oluwaji3/file:///C:/Users/kivz/D development is evaluated study area. that 179 of the augmenting the
ownloads/HighwayDevelopmen by property owners and respondents opportunities
tPaper.pdf residents in the affected representing 31.7% are available for trade
areas; however, the effect landlord and 386 of and employment.
of new roads or highways the respondents The economic
in particular, may have representing 68.3% are development of
both positive and negative tenant. Nigeria has
effects on the housing. reflected the
Improved accessibility may development of
shift housing prices her transport
upwards, whereas higher systems. This is
traffic noise levels and particularly true
increase in traffic density of the road
may reduce prices in transport system,
houses that are adjacent to which is by far the
the new road most widely used
mode of
transport in the
country.
A Public Health Perspective of Motorization has enhanced The data for fatal Most countries
Road Traffic Accidents/S. the lives of many Data analysis on accidents presented to have a
Gopalakrishn individuals and societies, previous historical the Parliament by the multidisciplinary
but the benefits have come events; In 2007, in Ministry of Road approach to
with a price. Although the Tamil Transport and traffic planning
number of lives lost in road Nadu, 12,036 Highways for year and road design.
accidents in high-income persons died on 2008 shows that It is done by
countries indicate a the roads out of 119,860 people psychologists,
downward trend in recent 59,140 accidents. perished in mishaps engineers,
decades, for most of the During the same that year and the doctors,
world's population, the period, 1146 national and state sociologists,
burden of road-traffic people were killed highways accounted vehicle experts,
injury—in terms of societal in the Chennai city for nearly half of all etc., In India, road
and economic costs—is roads out of 7570 road accidents.[3] traffic is still a civil
rising substantially.[1] accidents. During Deaths due to road engineering issue.
Injury and deaths due to 2009 over 12,000 accidents in 2009 were Lessons can be
road traffic accidents (RTA) people lost their reported to be 126,896 learnt from the
are a major public health lives in the State, and in 2010 it eminent
problem in developing while in Chennai increased to 133,938 guidelines and
countries where more than city alone 611 which is about 5.5% good practices for
85% of all deaths and 90% people died. over and above the good behavior on
of disability-adjusted life During 2010, Tamil previous year's deaths. the roads
years were lost from road Nadu has reported Tamil Nadu, Andhra practiced in
traffic injuries. maximum number Pradesh, Maharashtra, developed
(64,996) of road Karnataka, and countries where
accidents Rajasthan have safety,
accounting for accounted for 11.5%, orderliness, and
15.1% of such 10.5%, 7.1%, and 6.8%, discipline are
accidents in the respectively, of total ingrained in the
country while in “Road Accident” citizens, come
Chennai 1408 deaths in the what may. Mere
persons were country.[4] The trend celebration of the
killed out of 9521 is alarming and is annual Road
accidents. During leading to a frightening Safety Week
2011, a total of situation day by day. during the first
13,119 persons week of January
were killed out of does not serve
55,592 accidents any purpose.
[Table 1]. Now Drivers should
Tamil Nadu seems learn to show
to be topping the consideration and
list of most respect to co-
number of road vehicle drivers
accidents and pedestrians
happening in the so that our roads
Country with become safer. But
Chennai city it looks a long
having the way to go.
deadliest roads
among India's six
metropolises. On
an average, 35
persons die in
road mishaps
every day in Tamil
Nadu while it is
about 2 persons
per day in the
Chennai