Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 39 views

    Highway & Traffic Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Fareena Fatima
    1) The document discusses how human and vehicle characteristics affect geometric road design. It outlines factors like reaction time, variability between individuals, vision, and vehicle dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning radius. 2) Key human characteristics discussed are reaction time, walking patterns, and vision variability between people. Vehicle characteristics covered include dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning requirements. 3) Understanding these human and vehicle factors is important for designing elements of roads like lane width, minimum turning radii, pavement width, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Highway & Traffic Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Fareena Fatima
    39 views4 pages
    1) The document discusses how human and vehicle characteristics affect geometric road design. It outlines factors like reaction time, variability between individuals, vision, and vehicle dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning radius. 2) Key human characteristics discussed are reaction time, walking patterns, and vision variability between people. Vehicle characteristics covered include dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning requirements. 3) Understanding these human and vehicle factors is important for designing elements of roads like lane width, minimum turning radii, pavement width, and more.

    Original Description:

    Human & vehicle characteristics in relation to geometric design

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    1) The document discusses how human and vehicle characteristics affect geometric road design. It outlines factors like reaction time, variability between individuals, vision, and vehicle dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning radius. 2) Key human characteristics discussed are reaction time, walking patterns, and vision variability between people. Vehicle characteristics covered include dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning requirements. 3) Understanding these human and vehicle factors is important for designing elements of roads like lane width, minimum turning radii, pavement width, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    39 views4 pages

    Highway & Traffic Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Fareena Fatima
    1) The document discusses how human and vehicle characteristics affect geometric road design. It outlines factors like reaction time, variability between individuals, vision, and vehicle dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning radius. 2) Key human characteristics discussed are reaction time, walking patterns, and vision variability between people. Vehicle characteristics covered include dimensions, weight, power-to-weight ratio, and turning requirements. 3) Understanding these human and vehicle factors is important for designing elements of roads like lane width, minimum turning radii, pavement width, and more.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    HIGHWAY AND TRAFFIC

    ENGINEERING
    ASSIGNMENT # 01

    8/24/2016
    FAREENA FATIMA
    L13-5706
    “HUMAN AND VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS IN-
    RELATION TO GEOMETRIC DESIGN ”

    INTRODUCTION:

    There are numerous factors which affect geometric design of transportation system such as

    human characteristics, vehicle characteristics, environmental factors, economy, braking

    performance, topography, acceleration characteristics, design speed, traffic characteristics etc.

    In this report, human and vehicle characteristics are discussed briefly in relation to geometric

    design.

    HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS:

     VARIABILITY:

    Road users can be classified as drivers, passengers and pedestrians. Together, they form

    complex element of traffic system which is known as “human element”. The reason

    behind this complexity is that human performances vary from person to person. This

    makes highway and traffic engineering different from other fields of engineering.

    Variability factor is usually not taken under consideration when the roadway is designed.

    Therefore a standardize value is used as a design value. The 85th percentile value of different

    characteristics is taken as standard value.

     CRITICAL CHARACTERISTICS:

    The most important and critical human characteristics are physical strength, fatigue,

    mental characteristics and psychological characteristics such as reaction time.


     REACTION TIME:

    The time taken by road user to perform an action corresponding to stimulus

    (physiological response) involves various stages i.e. perception, intellection,

    emotion and volition. These four stages are shortly called as PIEV or perception-

    reaction time.

    The perception-reaction time is the time taken by the road user to perceive

    information regarding stimuli, understanding stimuli and executing the final

    decision according to his judgment.

     WALKING:

    In highway and traffic engineering, planning and design will be uncompleted if one limits

    the discussion to drivers and vehicular passengers only. So, pedestrian traffic should also

    be considered during designing. Hence in geometric design, along with roads some other

    facilities should also be provided such as walkways i.e. crosswalks, footpaths,

    sidewalks, safety zones etc.

     VISION:

    Traffic signs and signals are to be installed to have clear vision. The clearest vision lies within a

    cone of 3 to 5 degrees and fairly clear vision is within range of 10 to 12 degrees. If the vision is

    clear and accurate then the perception time is decreased.

    VEHICLE CHARACTERISTICS:

    Vehicle characteristics also affect geometric design. These are as follows.

    Vehicles vary in types i.e. motorized and non-motorized vehicles. Motorized vehicles include

    bikes, passenger cars, buses, trucks, truck trailer combinations etc. Non-motorized vehicles are

    animal driven slow moving carts, Tongas etc.


     VEHICLE DIMENSIONS:

    The vehicular dimensions such as length, width and height also affect traffic design.

    For example, width of lanes in roads, parking facility and shoulder width are greatly

    affected by width of vehicle. Similarly, the length of vehicle affects minimum turning

    radius, width of pavement, overtaking distance etc. The height of vehicle affects

    clearance height of structures.

     WEIGHT OF VEHICLE:

    Rigid and flexible pavement design takes weight of vehicle under consideration. The

    weight of vehicle is transferred to pavement through axels. Hence fixed design

    parameters are set on the basis of number of axels.

     POWER TO WEIGHT RATIO (P/W):

    The ratio of power to weight is the measure of comfort or ease with which vehicle moves

    on the road. This ratio represents operating performance of the vehicle. It has great

    significance in geometric design in case of heavy vehicles because it helps to find the

    length up to which positive gradient should be provided.

     TURNING RADIUS AND TURNING PATH:

    According to type of vehicle that either it is heavy vehicle or light type, the minimum

    turning radius in design is provided. Moreover, the effective width of vehicle is increased

    on a particular turning. It becomes more significant in case of roundabouts, terminals,

    parking areas and intersections.

     REFERENCES:
     www.google.com
     www.nptel.ac.in

    You might also like