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Jquery - Ajax Introduction

jQuery provides methods to simplify AJAX functionality in JavaScript. The load() method loads external content into a specified HTML element without reloading the page. The get() and post() methods make HTTP requests to retrieve data from a server asynchronously. jQuery handles cross-browser issues, allowing AJAX calls with a single line of code.

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ravi kishor
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64 views8 pages

Jquery - Ajax Introduction

jQuery provides methods to simplify AJAX functionality in JavaScript. The load() method loads external content into a specified HTML element without reloading the page. The get() and post() methods make HTTP requests to retrieve data from a server asynchronously. jQuery handles cross-browser issues, allowing AJAX calls with a single line of code.

Uploaded by

ravi kishor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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jQuery - AJAX Introduction

AJAX is the art of exchanging data with a server, and updating parts of a web page - without
reloading the whole page.

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$("#div1").load("demo_test.txt");

});

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="div1"><h2>Let jQuery AJAX Change This Text</h2></div>

<button>Get External Content</button>

</body>

</html>

What is AJAX?

AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.

In short; AJAX is about loading data in the background and display it on the webpage,
without reloading the whole page.

Examples of applications using AJAX: Gmail, Google Maps, Youtube, and Facebook tabs.

What About jQuery and AJAX?


jQuery provides several methods for AJAX functionality.

With the jQuery AJAX methods, we can request text, HTML, XML, or JSON from a remote
server using both HTTP Get and HTTP Post - And we can load the external data directly into
the selected HTML elements of the web page!

Without jQuery, AJAX coding can be a bit tricky!

Writing regular AJAX code can be a bit tricky, because different browsers have different
syntax for AJAX implementation. This means that we will have to write extra code to test for
different browsers. However, the jQuery team has taken care of this for us, so that we can
write AJAX functionality with only one single line of code.

jQuery load() Method

The jQuery load() method is a simple, but powerful AJAX method.

The load() method loads data from a server and puts the returned data into the selected
element.

Syntax:

$(selector).load(URL,data,callback);

The required URL parameter specifies the URL we wish to load.

The optional data parameter specifies a set of querystring key/value pairs to send along
with the request.

The optional callback parameter is the name of a function to be executed after the load()
method is completed.

Here is the content of our example file: "demo_test.txt":

<h2>jQuery and AJAX is FUN!!!</h2>


<p id="p1">This is some text in a paragraph.</p>

The following example loads the content of the file "demo_test.txt" into a specific <div>
element:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>
$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$("#div1").load("demo_test.txt");

});

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="div1"><h2>Let jQuery AJAX Change This Text</h2></div>

<button>Get External Content</button>

</body>

</html>

It is also possible to add a jQuery selector to the URL parameter.

The following example loads the content of the element with id="p1", inside the file
"demo_test.txt", into a specific <div> element:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$("#div1").load("demo_test.txt #p1");

});

});
</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="div1"><h2>Let jQuery AJAX Change This Text</h2></div>

<button>Get External Content</button>

</body>

</html>

The optional callback parameter specifies a callback function to run when the load() method
is completed. The callback function can have different parameters:

 responseTxt - contains the resulting content if the call succeeds


 statusTxt - contains the status of the call

 xhr - contains the XMLHttpRequest object

The following example displays an alert box after the load() method completes. If the load()
method has succeeded, it displays "External content loaded successfully!", and if it fails it
displays an error message:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$("#div1").load("demo_test.txt", function(responseTxt, statusTxt, xhr){

if(statusTxt == "success")

alert("External content loaded successfully!");

if(statusTxt == "error")

alert("Error: " + xhr.status + ": " + xhr.statusText);


});

});

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<div id="div1"><h2>Let jQuery AJAX Change This Text</h2></div>

<button>Get External Content</button>

</body>

</html>

jQuery - AJAX get() and post() Methods

The jQuery get() and post() methods are used to request data from the server with an HTTP GET
or POST request.

Two commonly used methods for a request-response between a client and server are: GET
and POST.

 GET - Requests data from a specified resource


 POST - Submits data to be processed to a specified resource

GET is basically used for just getting (retrieving) some data from the server. Note: The GET
method may return cached data.

POST can also be used to get some data from the server. However, the POST method
NEVER caches data, and is often used to send data along with the request.

jQuery $.get() Method

The $.get() method requests data from the server with an HTTP GET request.

Syntax:

$.get(URL,callback);

The required URL parameter specifies the URL we wish to request.

The optional callback parameter is the name of a function to be executed if the request
succeeds.
The following example uses the $.get() method to retrieve data from a file on the server:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$.get("demo_test.asp", function(data, status){

alert("Data: " + data + "\nStatus: " + status);

});

});

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<button>Send an HTTP GET request to a page and get the result back</button>

</body>

</html>

The first parameter of $.get() is the URL we wish to request ("demo_test.asp").

The second parameter is a callback function. The first callback parameter holds the content
of the page requested, and the second callback parameter holds the status of the request.

Tip: Here is how the ASP file looks like ("demo_test.asp"):

<%
response.write("This is some text from an external ASP file.")
%>
jQuery $.post() Method

The $.post() method requests data from the server using an HTTP POST request.

Syntax:

$.post(URL,data,callback);

The required URL parameter specifies the URL we wish to request.

The optional data parameter specifies some data to send along with the request.

The optional callback parameter is the name of a function to be executed if the request
succeeds.

The following example uses the $.post() method to send some data along with the request:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

<script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$("button").click(function(){

$.post("demo_test_post.asp",

name: "Donald Duck",

city: "Duckburg"

},

function(data,status){

alert("Data: " + data + "\nStatus: " + status);

});
});

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<button>Send an HTTP POST request to a page and get the result back</button>

</body>

</html>

The first parameter of $.post() is the URL we wish to request ("demo_test_post.asp").

Then we pass in some data to send along with the request (name and city).

The ASP script in "demo_test_post.asp" reads the parameters, processes them, and returns
a result.

The third parameter is a callback function. The first callback parameter holds the content of
the page requested, and the second callback parameter holds the status of the request.

Tip: Here is how the ASP file looks like ("demo_test_post.asp"):

<%
dim fname,city
fname=Request.Form("name")
city=Request.Form("city")
Response.Write("Dear " & fname & ". ")
Response.Write("Hope you live well in " & city & ".")
%>

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