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Tutorial Sheet 2

1. This document provides a tutorial on mathematical logic that includes: - Writing statements using logical operators like negation and implication. - Constructing truth tables for logical statements. - Determining if statements are tautologies, contingencies, or contradictions. - Converting statements to disjunctive and conjunctive normal form. - Expressing statements using quantifiers. - Evaluating the validity of arguments. 2. The tutorial contains 10 problems covering these topics with examples like determining if "Every four wheeler is a car" is a tautology. 3. Students are asked to perform tasks like writing negations of statements, determining principal forms of propositions, and assessing the

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140 views2 pages

Tutorial Sheet 2

1. This document provides a tutorial on mathematical logic that includes: - Writing statements using logical operators like negation and implication. - Constructing truth tables for logical statements. - Determining if statements are tautologies, contingencies, or contradictions. - Converting statements to disjunctive and conjunctive normal form. - Expressing statements using quantifiers. - Evaluating the validity of arguments. 2. The tutorial contains 10 problems covering these topics with examples like determining if "Every four wheeler is a car" is a tautology. 3. Students are asked to perform tasks like writing negations of statements, determining principal forms of propositions, and assessing the

Uploaded by

manindra kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mathematics Tutorial 2

UNIVERSITY OF PETROLEUM & ENERGY STUDIES, DEHRADUN


Program B. Tech (All SoCS Semester I
Branches)

Course Mathematics-I Course Code MATH 1002

Session July-Dec 2019 Topic Mathematical Logic

1. If p be “She is honest” and q be “She is hard working”. Write in simple


sentences the meaning of the following:
(i ) ~ p (ii ) ~ ( p  q ) (iii ) ~ ( p  q )
(iv) p  q (v ) ~ ( p  q ) (vi ) ~ p ~ q.
2. If p, q and r are three statements , construct the Truth Table of the following
propositions
(i ) ~ p  q  ~ r (ii ) ~ r  ( p  q ) (iii ) r  ( p  q ).
3. If p, q and r are three statements, then check whether the following statements
are tautology or not.
(i ) p  ~ ( p  q ) (ii ) (( p  q )  r )  (( p  r )  q )
(iii ) ( p  q )  ( p  ( p  q )) (iv )( p  q )  ( q  r )  ( r  p) .

4. Determine whether the following propositions are a tautology, contingency or


contradiction :
(i ) p  ( p  q ) (ii ) p  ( q  p) (iii ) ( p  q )  ( p  r )  q.
5. Check whether the following propositions are a tautology or not ?
(i ) [( p  q )  (~ p)]  q (ii ) [( p  ~ q )  (r  q )  r ] ~ p
(iii ) [( p  q )  ( r ~ q )]  ( p ~ r ).
6. Determine the principal disjunctive normal form (PDNF) and principal
conjunctive normal form (PCNF) of the following propositions
(i ) p  ( p  q ) (ii ) p  ( q  p ) (iii ) ( p  q ) ~ r.

7. Let K(x): x is a four-wheeler, L(x): x is a car, and M(x): x is a manufactured


by Ford. Express the following using Quantifiers.
(i) Every four wheeler is a car.
(ii) There is a four wheeler that is not manufactured by Ford.
Department of Mathematics Tutorial 2

(iii) There is a four wheeler that is manufactured by Ford that is not a car.
(iv) Every four wheeler that is a car is manufactured by Ford.
8. Write the negation of the following statements
(i)  x   , x  15  x 2  225.
(ii) All integers are less than α.
9. A library has two kinds of employees. A person from the first kind always
tells truth while the other kind of person always lies. When you visit library
to find whether Discrete Mathematics book is available (on shelf), person of
library at counter Mr. X answers as ‘The Discrete Mathematics book is
available if and only if I always tell truth’. How will you confirm whether the
book is available or not?
10. Determine the validity of the following arguments
~ (~ p  q ) pq
~ ( p  r) pr
i. ii. s ~ q
rs
_____________ _____________
qs ~ sr
iii. If I study, then I will pass.
If I do not go to a movie, then I will study.
I failed.
_____________________________________
Therefore, I went to a movie.

iv. If I like mathematics, then I will study.


Either I don’t study or I pass mathematics.
If I don’t pass mathematics, then I don’t graduate.
_____ ______________________________________________
If I graduate, then I like mathematics.

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