Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents of literature and studies that contains description of existing
systems/models that are relevant to our system. A review of literature reveals that a computerized
library management system will:

Help to improve the library services.

Help the Librarian/s with management information.

Help the librarian/s in reporting on the various operations of the library.

Increase the rate at which Tasks are completed accurately

Obviate the need to hire additional staff with increased demand for services.

Review of Local Related Literature and Studies

In developed countries where the computerized library system is a mature technology, a

computerized library is perhaps no longer a novel project. In the Philippines however, where the
automated library system is available in only a handful of libraries, The DOST-ESEP Library
Network was envisioned to: 1) build library resources and services in eight academic libraries;
and 2) provide connectivity by means of the information highway in the Philippines, the (PHnet),
which is also the country’s gateway to Internet. It was proposed as an integral component of the
Department of Science and Technology - Engineering and Science Education Project (DOST-
ESEP). The DOST-ESEP was designed to develop manpower, instructional and research
capabilities in eight academic institutions in support of the country’s bid for NIChood by the
year 2000. Implementation of the project was made possible through a loan from the World Bank
and counterpart funds from participating Institutions.
The DOST-ESEP Library Network Members

Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU) De la Salle University (DLSU) Mindanao State

University - Iligan Institute of Technology (MSU-IIT) University of Santo Tomas (UST)
University of the Philippines in Los Banos (UPLB) University of the Philippines in Manila
(UPM) University of the Philippines, Diliman College of Engineering (UPDCE) University of
the Philippines, Diliman College of Science (UPDCS).

Library Collection

The existing collections were not sufficient in quantity to support the planned manpower and
research development programs. The serials holdings were fragmented among several libraries.
There was also extensive duplication of titles. Reference materials were out of date. The
acquisition of materials was uncoordinated and costs were prohibitive. To address these
concerns, the librarians agreed to have a cooperative scheme of acquisitions and that all serials
purchased under the DOST grant will be housed in the University of the Philippines Diliman
Campus. Engineering materials and science materials will be housed in the UPDCE and UPDCS
libraries respectively on condition that the two libraries commit to continue subscription to the
selected journals beyond the project duration. There would absolutely be no duplication for
serials even if these titles will be purchased using funds outside of the grant and therefore housed
in respective libraries. Reference materials will be duplicated in each library as needed.

Library Networking

The concerns identified included the need for 1) excellent bibliographic, subject and inventory
control, 2) need for reciprocal access to information about availability of materials and document
delivery from any of the cooperating libraries, and 3) the eventual need for access to and from
libraries outside the network. The action proposed to address these concern included 1) the use of
Bibliofile, a CDROM cataloging resource for retroconversion, 2) the installation of an integrated
library management system in each library, and 3) the installation of a union catalog of holdings
and networked CD-ROM abstracts and indexes to be housed in the central library, 4) the
provision of online public access to each member library via the PHnet or for libraries outside
the network, access is via the public telephone system, 5) document delivery by fax, FTP or by
post as required by the clients, and 6) use of uninterrupted power supplies, provision of adequate
back up of the system and data, and continuous technical support from the supplier and user
group to ensure uninterrupted service.

(The DOST-ESEP Libraries: The First Library Network in the Philippines, David T Lourdes,
2012)

Technology has been a vital part of improvement in many aspects of life. Technology can
be seen everywhere. One particular aspect that technology helps is the maintenance of records. It
can create multiple processes in no time that any individual a do manually. In this study, we will
focus on books, and when I say books I mean plenty of books. As for this time (2013), Don
Honorio Ventura Technological State University (DHVTSU) doesn’t have any automatic Library
System thus managing of books is hectic. Students are the biggest affected individual because of
the lack of Library System. If you are a student and for example you want to borrow a certain
book in the library, you will need to walk a long distance in order for you to reach the Campus
library and then you will find out that the book you want to borrow doesn’t exist in the campus
library, isn’t it frustrating? Isn’t it a nuisance? By this inconvenience, I came up to the study of
implementing a Library System with Web Based Online public access cataloging and Android
Based Online public access cataloging. This system will be administered by the Campus
Librarian and will be used by students and school personnel as well. The flow of the system is
each book in the library will be recorded in the system including the number of copies of each
book. If a student borrows one book of a certain category, the Administrator will use the system
and record the event. Aside from managing books, the Online Public Access Cataloging (OPAC)
will also be of great help to students. They can use their Android phones or use a computer to
check whether a certain book exists or if there’s still a copy of that book remaining.

Related Literature

Presented in Related Literature is synthesis of research that supports the evaluation of Integrated
Library System. Foreign Literature
Before the age of computers, library tasks were done manually and independently. Borrower’s
ordered books using ordering slips and librarians catalogue items manually and index them with
the card catalog system. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_library_system). Integrated
Library Systems (ILS) has been part of computing systems in colleges and universities. Today’s
ILS is a Multi-functional Web-based multimedia content information management system,
generally built on a relational database structure. Overview of Integrated Library Systems
(Deddens, 2002) Librarians have recognized and supported, long before the dawn of computers,
the need for standards to aid in collection management, share resources with other libraries, and
improve access for library patrons. The widespread use of Integrated Library Systems (ILS),
global communications via the Internet, and growing numbers of digital library initiatives have
made the need for compliance with standards more critical than ever. Implementing information
products and systems that support standards can ensure that libraries will be able to:

• integrate electronic content products from multiple vendors; • resource share on a wider
geographic scale, even globally; • participate in more cooperative programs with other
organizations, including ones outside the library community; • speed up the “time to market” of
library materials, i.e. the time to acquire, catalog, process, and circulate an item; • provide remote
access to library services;

The RFP Writer’s Guide to Standards for Library Systems (Hodgson, 2002)

Currently, integration of library bibliographic systems and metadata encoding / searching is in

the embryonic stage. Often, libraries use systems from multiple vendors to address both
traditional and digital library system implementations. This results in the traditional library
catalog and the digital library being totally separate with perhaps a low level of integration by
providing a link within the MARC record that will take the user to the corresponding fulltext or
image. This situation is changing, but varies significantly from one system to another in what is
supported, how it is implemented, and how transparently the two types of data are accessible.
The RFP Writer’s Guide to Standards for Library Systems (Hodgson, 2002) According to Walter
Nelson of RAND Corporation, in the previous years that Online Public Access Catalog(OPAC)
is not yet present, “Your customers must go to the information, the information does not go to
the customer”. The Future of the Integrated Library System? (Nelson)

ABSTRACT

Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University (DHVTSU) is a University in Bacoor,

Pampanga which has been founded on November 4, 1861 by an Augustinian friar named Fr.
Juan P. Zita. Since this school has a library but doesn’t have any Library Systems with OPAC,
we came up to the idea of creating one since a university strengthens its educational level
through the advancement of its library. A Library System is a system which is used to track
books, magazines, newspaper, etc in a certain library without the hassle of card catalogs. It is
usually comprises of a relational database, software to interact with that database, and two
Graphical User Interfaces (One for the borrower, one for the staff). According to Ask.com, the
disadvantage of using a manual library system are there is an increased chance for human errors,
it takes a lot of time to train employees on the nuances of such a system, speed and accuracy are
decreased, more space is required to store the paperwork involved. Now, try to imagine a
University with thousands and thousands of books which is manually cataloged and at the same
time, hundreds of people wants to search a certain book, isn’t it time consuming both for the
librarian and the people? That’s the reason why I’m proposing this title, for the betterment of our
school’s future, for the betterment of the future students.

CONCLUSION:

This kind of library system is a big help on searching books in library easier. This system
will be administered by the university librarian and will be used by the students and school
personnel as well. On borrowing books the librarian don’t need to record it manually instead the
system will record it automatically. OPAC can help a lot to the students, they can search or log
books using their android devices and computers to search whether they needed books are still
exist in the library.

(Library System with web android based OPAC, Quintin Jose V Pastrana, 2013)
 According to (D.Lourdes,2012) from the article entitled “The DOST-ESEP Libraries:
The First Library Network in The Philippines” the planning of this system are way back year
1995 but its difficult to implement in during those time so it took long time to be able to release
it on the public. There are some universities that quickly get the partnership since it was started
in 2012. It means networking is also a major key on collaborating inside the library. Therefore
this type of system is exactly a big help on the state of the Philippine libraries. It can make our
library a world class and can compete on other country’s libraries.

According to (Q.J.Pastrana,2013) from the study entitled “Library System with web
android based OPAC” technology is a big factor to keep the students keep going to the library.
So the author thinks that android devices can use to attract the students on going to the libraries.
In terms of their device they can easily search or monitor the books inside the library. Whether
the books that they want to borrow are on the borrowed section or it is still available. So on this
situation the students will have more fun on this new library system. Therefore the author use
what is the trending device to make students come to the libraries because their task on searching
books inside the library become easier and faster.

Review of Foreign related literature and studies

According to (A.Agarwal, 2013) on the research entitled “Online Library Management

System” The main problem of the different libraries worldwide are they are still using manual
method. So the researcher proposed to make an automated system that will have better log in
form and to record quickly the borrowed and still existing books. So the librarian or the staffs
can monitor every time the books that carried outside by the students. Therefore online library
management system can be use outdoor or even without the school library. You can access or
borrow books using the internet. It will be very convenient and less time consuming.

According to (E.Valenti, 2016) from the article entitled “The State of Library
Management Systems” are systems that helps big in terms of some transactions on the library.
On this article the automated library systems said that it can do multi-tasking. It can do recording
books on library but it can also make different transactions. It will make the library service
convenient like making card cataloging. Therefore multitasking inside the library is very nice.
The system will be the one who records all the transactions inside the library so it decreases the
tasks of the librarian so it can avoid the cases of lost records due to human errors.