Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

The Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing feature allows different flows of traffic over a Gigabit
EtherChannel (GEC) interface to be identified based on the packet header and then mapped to the different
member links of the port channel. This feature enables you to apply flow-based load balancing and
VLAN-manual load balancing to specific port channels.

• Finding Feature Information, page 1

• Restrictions for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing, page 1
• Information About Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing, page 2
• How to Enable Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing, page 5
• Configuration Examples for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing, page 8
• Information About Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Flow-based Load Balancing, page 9
• Additional References, page 9
• Feature Information for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing, page 11

Finding Feature Information

Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. For the latest caveats and
feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. To
find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each
feature is supported, see the feature information table.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support.
To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Restrictions for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

• Supports up to 64 GEC interfaces.
• Supports up to 14 member links per GEC interface.

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Information About Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Information About Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Flow-Based Load Balancing

Flow-based load balancing identifies different flows of traffic based on the key fields in the data packet. For
example, IPv4 source and destination IP addressees can be used to identify a flow. The various data traffic
flows are then mapped to the different member links of a port channel. After the mapping is done, the data
traffic for a flow is transmitted through the assigned member link. The flow mapping is dynamic and changes
when there is any change in the state of a member link to which a flow is assigned. The flow mappings can
also change if member links are added to or removed from the GEC interface. Multiple flows can be mapped
to each member link.

Buckets for Flow-Based Load Balancing

Load balancing dynamically maps traffic flows to the member links of a GEC interface through the concept
of buckets. The various defined traffic flows are mapped to the buckets and the buckets are evenly distributed
among the member links. Each port channel maintains 16 buckets, with one active member link associated
with each bucket. All traffic flows mapped to a bucket use the member link to which the bucket is assigned.
The router creates the buckets-to-member links mappings when you apply flow-based load balancing to a
port channel and the port channel has at least one active member link. The mappings are also created when
the first member link is added, or comes up, and the load-balancing method is set to flow-based.
When a member link goes down or is removed from a port channel, the buckets associated with that member
link are redistributed among the other active member links in a round-robin fashion. When a member link
comes up or is added to a port channel, some of the buckets associated with other links are assigned to this
link.

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Load Balancing on Port Channels

The figure below illustrates an example of 16 buckets distributed among three member links. The numbers
shown in the buckets are the bucket IDs. Note that the first member link has an extra bucket.

Figure 1: Example of 16 Buckets Mapped to Three Member Links

If you change the load-balancing method, the bucket-to-member link mappings for flow-based load balancing
are deleted. The mappings are also deleted if the port channel is deleted or the last member link in the port
channel is deleted or goes down.

Load Balancing on Port Channels

GEC interfaces can use either dynamic flow-based load balancing or VLAN-manual load balancing. You can
configure the load-balancing method globally for all port channels or directly on specific port channels. The
global configuration applies only to those port channels for which you have not explicitly configured load
balancing. The port-channel configuration overrides the global configuration.
Flow-based load balancing is enabled by default at the global level. You must explicitly configure VLAN
load balancing or the load-balancing method is flow-based.
For more information about configuring VLAN load balancing, see the module VLAN Mapping to Gigabit
EtherChannel (GEC) Member Links.
The table below lists the load-balancing method that is applied to port channels based on the configuration:

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Load Balancing on Port Channels

Table 1: Flow-Based Load Balancing Configuration Options

Global Configuration Port-Channel Configuration Load Balancing Applied

Not configured Not configured Flow-based

Flow-based Flow-based

VLAN-manual VLAN-manual

VLAN-manual Not configured VLAN-manual

Flow-based Flow-based

VLAN-manual VLAN-manual

The table below lists the configuration that results if you change the global load-balancing method.

Table 2: Results When Global Configuration Changes

Port-Channel Global Configuration Action Taken at Port

Configuration Channel
– From To –

Not configured Not configured VLAN-manual Changed from flow-based

to VLAN-manual

VLAN-manual Not configured Changed from

VLAN-manual to
flow-based

Configured Any Any No change

The table below lists the configuration that results if you change the port-channel load-balancing method.

Table 3: Results When Port-Channel Configuration Changes

Global Configuration Port-Channel Action Taken at Port

Configuration Channel
– From To –

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How to Enable Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Global Configuration Port-Channel Action Taken at Port

Configuration Channel
Not configured Not configured VLAN-manual Changed from flow-based
to VLAN-manual

Not configured Flow-based No action taken

VLAN-manual Flow-based Changed from

VLAN-manual to
flow-based

VLAN-manual Not configured Changed from

VLAN-manual to
flow-based

Flow-based VLAN-manual Changed from flow-based

to VLAN-manual

Flow-based Not configured No action taken

VLAN-manual Not configured VLAN-manual No action taken

Not configured Flow-based Changed from

VLAN-manual to
flow-based

VLAN-manual Flow-based Changed from

VLAN-manual to
flow-based

VLAN-manual Not configured No action taken

Flow-based VLAN-manual Changed from flow-based

to VLAN-manual

Flow-based Not configured Changed from flow-based

to VLAN-manual

How to Enable Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Configuring Load Balancing on a Port Channel

To configure load balancing on a port channel, perform the following steps. Repeat these steps for each GEC
interface.

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Configuring Load Balancing on a Port Channel

Before You Begin

If you have already configured your desired load-balancing method globally and want to use that method for
all port channels, you need not perform this task. To configure load balancing globally, use the port-channel
load-balancing vlan-manual command. If you do not configure the global command, flow-based load
balancing is applied to all port channels.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. enable
2. configure terminal
3. interface port-channel channel-number
4. load-balancing {flow | vlan}
5. end

DETAILED STEPS

Command or Action Purpose

Step 1 enable Enables privileged EXEC mode.
• Enter your password if prompted.
Example:
Router> enable

Step 2 configure terminal Enters global configuration mode.

Example:
Router# configure terminal

Step 3 interface port-channel channel-number Enters interface configuration mode and defines the interface as
a port channel.
Example:
Router(config)# interface port-channel 1

Step 4 load-balancing {flow | vlan} Applies a load-balancing method to the specific port channel.
• If you do not configure this command, the port channel
Example: uses the global load-balancing method configured with the
Router(config-if)# load-balancing flow port-channel load-balancing vlan-manual command.
The global default is flow-based.

Step 5 end Exits configuration mode.

Example:
Router(config-if)# end

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Verifying Load-Balancing Configuration on a GEC Interface

Verifying Load-Balancing Configuration on a GEC Interface

Use these show commands to verify the load-balancing configuration and to display information about the
bucket distribution on the port channel. You can use these commands in any order.

SUMMARY STEPS

1. show running-config interface port-channel channel-number

2. show etherchannel load-balancing
3. show interfaces port-channel channel-number etherchannel

DETAILED STEPS

Step 1 show running-config interface port-channel channel-number

Use this command to verify the configuration of the port channel.

Example:
Router# show running-config interface port-channel 1
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 88 bytes

!
interface Port-channel1
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.0.0.0
no negotiation auto
load-balancing flow
end

Step 2 show etherchannel load-balancing

Use this command to display the load-balancing method applied to each port channel. The following example shows
output for a configuration with load balancing set globally to VLAN-manual and set to flow-based on port channel 1:

Example:
Router# show etherchannel load-balancing

EtherChannel Load-Balancing Method:

Global LB Method: vlan-manual

Port-Channel: LB Method
Port-channel1 : flow-based

Step 3 show interfaces port-channel channel-number etherchannel

Use this command to display the bucket distribution currently in use. The following example shows output for an interface
with load balancing set to flow-based:

Example:
Router(config)# show interface port-channel 2 etherchannel

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Configuration Examples for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

All IDBs List contains 3 configured interfaces

Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/6 (index: 0)
Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/7 (index: 1)
Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/0 (index: 2)

Active Member List contains 1 interfaces

Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/0

Passive Member List contains 2 interfaces

Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/6

Port: GigabitEthernet2/1/7

Load-Balancing method applied: flow-based

Bucket Information for Flow-Based LB:

Interface: Buckets
GigabitEthernet2/1/0:
Bucket 0 , Bucket 1 , Bucket 2 , Bucket 3
Bucket 4 , Bucket 5 , Bucket 6 , Bucket 7
Bucket 8 , Bucket 9 , Bucket 10, Bucket 11
Bucket 12, Bucket 13, Bucket 14, Bucket 15

Configuration Examples for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load

Balancing

Flow-Based Load Balancing Example

The following example shows a configuration where flow-based load balancing is configured on port-channel
2 while the VLAN-manual method is configured globally:

!
no aaa new-model
port-channel load-balancing vlan-manual
ip source-route
.
.
.
interface Port-channel2
ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
no negotiation auto
load-balancing flow
!
interface Port-channel2.10
ip rsvp authentication key 11223344
ip rsvp authentication
!
interface Port-channel2.50
encapsulation dot1Q 50
!
interface GigabitEthernet2/1/0
no ip address
negotiation auto
cdp enable
channel-group 2
!

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Information About Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Flow-based Load Balancing

Information About Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Flow-based

Load Balancing
The five-tuple hash support for gigabit etherchannel (GEC) flow-based load balancing feature decides which
member link to use for routing traffic based on the following five parameters:
• Source IP address
• Destination IP address
• Source Port
• Destination Port
• Protocol ID (type of protocol: TCP/UDP)

Earlier, the GEC flow-based load balancing feature was applicable only for layer 3 (network layer). With the
five-tuple hash support, it’s applicable for layer 4 (TCP/IP layer) also. But it is supported only for the TCP
and UDP, layer 4 protocols.

Restrictions for Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Flow-based Load Balancing
The five-tuple hash support for GEC flow-based load balancing feature is not supported for MPLS traffic.

Configuring Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Flow-based Load Balancing

Use the port-channel load-balance-hash-algo command to enable the five-tuple hash support for GEC
flow-based load balancing feature.
The following example shows how to configure a five-tuple hash support for GEC flow-based load balancing
feature:
Device (config)# port-channel load-balance-hash-algo ?

src-dst-ip Source XOR Destination IP Addr

src-dst-mixed-ip-port Source XOR Destination Port, IP addr

The src-dst-mixed-ip-port option specifies load distribution based on the hash value obtained from the
calculation of five parameters: source ip address, destination ip address, source port, destination port, and L4
protocol.

Additional References
The following sections provide references related to the Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing feature.

Related Documents

Related Topic Document Title

Cisco IOS commands Cisco IOS Master Commands List, All Releases

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Additional References

Related Topic Document Title

Cisco IOS LAN switching commands Cisco IOS LAN Switching Command Reference

Standards

Standard Title
No new or modified standards are supported by this --
feature, and support for existing standards has not
been modified by this feature.

MIBs

MIB MIBs Link

No new or modified MIBs are supported by this To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms,
feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been Cisco IOS XE software releases, and feature sets, use
modified by this feature. Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/go/mibs

RFCs

RFC Title
No new or modified RFCs are supported by this --
feature, and support for existing standards has not
been modified by this feature.

Technical Assistance

Description Link
The Cisco Support website provides extensive online http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html
resources, including documentation and tools for
troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with
Cisco products and technologies.
To receive security and technical information about
your products, you can subscribe to various services,
such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field
Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter,
and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds.
Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website
requires a Cisco.com user ID and password.

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Feature Information for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Feature Information for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load

Balancing
The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. This
table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release
train. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature.
Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support.
To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. An account on Cisco.com is not required.

Table 4: Feature Information for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

Feature Name Releases Feature Information

Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Cisco IOS XE Release 2.5 This feature allows different flows
Balancing of traffic over a GEC interface to
be identified and mapped to the
different member links. It also
enables you to apply load balancing
to specific port channels.
The following commands were
introduced or modified:
load-balancing, port-channel
load-balancing vlan-manual,
show etherchannel
load-balancing, show interfaces
port-channel etherchannel.

IPv6 Loadbalancing on GEC Cisco IOS XE Release 3.4S The IPv6 Loadbalancing on GEC
feature provides load balancing for
IPv6 traffic on Gigabit
EtherChannel.

Five-Tuple Hash Support for GEC Cisco IOS XE Everest 16.4.1 The five-tuple hash support for
Flow-based Load Balancing gigabit etherchannel (GEC)
flow-based load balancing feature
decides which member link to use
for routing traffic based on the hash
value obtained from the calculation
of 5 parameters: source ip address,
destination ip address, source port,
destination port, and L4 protocol.

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Feature Information for Flow-Based per Port-Channel Load Balancing

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