Synopsis Report

For

“Writing Machine”

Submitted By
Ayush Mishra – (1842210039)
Prince Sharma – (1842210087)
Course: B.Tech (CSE/IT)
Year/Sem:2nd /3rd

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

&
Information Technology
Bansal Institute of Engineering and Technology
(Affiliated to AKTU Lucknow, UttarPradesh & Approved by AICTE, New Delhi)

NH-24, Sitapur Road,Behind Sewa Hospital, Lucknow, U.P, India.

(2019-20)
 INTRODUCTION

The title of the project is “Writing Machine”. This project will handle the activities
related to writing. Writing Machine has most of the facilities that a modern
technology requires to gain and apply it in a progressive direction. Writing
Machine is automatic writing machine use for the typing any type of text and
drawing any design on paper. Writing machine is working like a CNC machine.
This Machine is working on 3 axis (X, Y, Z). Writing machine is an auto writing
machine through which you can make your your work easy by programing your project.
As per the title this is a simple project using Arduino to make Homework writing
machine at your home. This machine can draw any design and write any type of fonts.
You can see sharpness and perfection of writing in photos. The machine uses a gantry to
move the writing tip along the X and Y axes. The flexible-nib pen is mounted on a servo
motor which rotates the tip onto the writing surface, taking care of the third axis. This
three axis motion is given by stepper motor and servo motor. It has facilities to
generate various types of reports and projects which are very helpful to students
and business effectively.
 OBJECTIVES
This project is based on the CNC Machine technology; the main objective of this
project is to computerize the manual system & reduce the time consumption.
In other words we can say that our project has the following objectives:-

 Make all the system computerize

 Reduce time consumption
 Reduce error scope
 All system managements are automated
 Centralized database management
 Easy operations for operator of the system
 Increased Productivity
 Versatility
 Enhanced Lean Manufacturing
 PROJECT CATEGORY

This project as title “Writing Machine” is comes under the Computerized

Numerical Control CNC, it is a controlling system with digital electronic
computers used to control machines. It controls, automates, and monitors the
movements of a machine. CNC stands for Computerized Numerical Control. It is a
controlling system with digital electronic computers used to control machines. It
controls, automates, and monitors the movements of a machine. It can be a milling
machine, router, welder, grinder, laser cutter etc. These machines are automatic and
replaced the old manual machines which always need an operator to run it. It uses
numbers as the coordinates of the graphs to control the movement of the cutter. In
this way, the computer controls the cutting and shaping of the material. These
machines are very useful, accurate and smart because these are control by a
computer. The probability of errors is negligible because these machines are not
manually operated. This application is developed with the help of Artificial
Intelligence version V1.0. This application can also be run on the network
environment so it can be said as network application.
 TOOLS/PATFORM
This project is developed using the tools, which are most suited for development of
the Application Package. These tools are as follows: -
 Drill machine
 Screw Driver
 Computer / Laptop
 Glue gun

HARDWARE & SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

HARDWARE:
 Expansion Board A 4988 Driver
 12 v to 36 v DC Cell or battery
 Pencil
 Boll pen
 Screw
SOFTWARE:
 Operating System
 Ben-box
 Database Server
 Windows 7 / 8 / 10 / 11
 Visual Basic 1.0
 SYSTEM DESIGN

STEP : 1 WOODEN FRAME MAKING

Take piece of wooden ply and make frame for X and Y axis gantry. As per above
picture cut and drilled wooden ply and stick together with the help of glue gun.

STEP : 2 MAKING X- AXIS GANTRY

Insert the stepper motor in the hole of wooden frame. As per above picture insert
screw and pencil inside the hole. This screw is provide the sliding movement to
pen so we can draw anything with the help of this machine.

STEP : 3 STICK X AND Y GANTRY TOGETHER

We need to make two same gantry X and Y. Now Stick X gantry to

Y gantry as per above picture. After that your machine is ready to
work in XY horizontal surface.. Now we require to make z axis for
pen movement. This was done by servo motor.
 STEP : 4 CONNECT SERVO MOTOR

Take glue gun and apply on X axis gantry as per picture. Stick
servo motor on X axis gantry as per Picture (Shaft of servo motor
should be outside).

STEP : 5 FLEXIBLE NIB-PEN MAKING

To make z axis we need that pen must be flexible to up and down.

 Open your pen

 Cut top end of refill(1 cm)
 Take spring of any other pen
 Mount this Spring on top end of refill(As Per Pic.)
 Take some length of sewing thread and bind this thread on
refill(As Per Pic.)
 Make hole on pen case and close this pen as per last pic
 STEP : 6 CONNECT PEN

Take glue gun and apply on servo motor bigger side of shaft. The
flexible-nib pen is mounted on a servo motor which rotates the tip
onto the writing surface. Bind Thread on servo motor shaft as per
pic.
 STEP : 7 TAKE ALL CIRCUIT

Stepper Motor Driver connect on Expansion Board A 4988 Driver

module. Then this combination connect on Arduino Uno R 3 (As
per circuit Diagram).

STEP : 8 WIRING
 Place 12 Volt DC Battery on Back side of XY axis Gantry.
Place Combination of all circuit (2 PCs Stepper Motor Driver with
heat sink , Expansion Board A4988 Driver , Arduino Uno R3) On
Back side of this 12 volt battery
Connect 12 volt dc battery as positive(+) and negative(-)
connector.
Attach X and Y axes Stepper motor on Expansion Board A4988
Driver as per circuit diagram.
Connect servo motor as per circuit diagram.

STEP : 9 BEN-BOX SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION

 Download ben box software on your computer and connect this with USB
connector.

1. Open Software
2. Connect USB Plug
3. On Update Firmware select COM (3,4 OR 5). and browse firmware from
downloaded software
4. Select all Value of software as per all pic
FIRST PAGE
 Serial Port : COM(3,4 or 5)
 Pen Up : 35
 Pen Down : 22
 Speed : 800(you can increase)
 Time : 200
 Step: 1
 Curve mode : Outline
 Select bullet : Curve
 Select bullet : Servo
SECOND PAGE
 Step : x=2 y=3
 Dir : x=5 y=6
 Min : x=-1 y=-1
 Max : x=-1 y=-1
 Ppm : x=320 y=320
 laser : 0=12 1=12
 Servo : 0=11 0=12
 Feed Ra. : 1500
Write anything on Screen And Play to write on book.

The steps for the successful project are as follows: -

We should define problem completely and the goals should be known before our
destination In the next step, we should specify inputs and outputs of our interest,
Then the structure of various database should be designed which will be used
during the programming.
Next, we should design our programs of user friendly nature and always provide a
way to the
user to read back the origin if he/she find any complex problem at any stage .We
should know the function of each and every program which will leads us to or
helps us to read at the specified goal.
Then we write these individual programs which later on joining solve our
problem .Next step involve then testing of these programs and correction – if
necessary& at last, linking all the programs in a well-specified manner and
combining in the form of a menu, submenu etc. will be our defined problem.
DATABASE DESIGN
Database Design in most important in any project. We are using the
following code to store
the information in writing machine.
Code:-
O0001
G20 G40 G80 G90 G94 G54(Inch, Cutter Comp. Cancel,
Deactivate all canned cycles, moves axes to machine
coordinate, feed per min., origin coordinate system)
M06 T01 (Tool change to tool 1)
G43 H01 (Tool length comp. in positive direction, length
compensation for tool)
M03 S1200 (Spindle turns CW at 1200RPM)
G00 X0. Y0. (Rapid Traverse to X=0. Y=0.)
G00 Z.5 (Rapid Traverse to z=.5)
G00 X1. Y-.75 (Rapid traverse to X1. Y-.75)
G01 Z-.1 F10 (Plunge into part at Z-.25 at 10in per min.)
G03 X.875 Y-.5 I.1875 J-.75 (CCW arc cut to X.875 Y-.5 with
radius origin at I.625 J-.75)
G03 X.5 Y-.75 I0.0 J0.0 (CCW arc cut to X.5 Y-.75 with
radius origin at I0.0 J0.0)
G03 X.75 Y-.9375 I0.0 J0.0(CCW arc cut to X.75 Y-.9375
with radius origin at I0.0 J0.0)
G02 X1. Y-1.25 I.75 J-1.25 (CW arc cut to X1. Y-1.25 with
radius origin at I.75 J-1.25)
G02 X.75 Y-1.5625 I0.0 J0.0 (CW arc cut to X.75 Y-1.5625
with same radius origin as previous arc)
G02 X.5 Y-1.25 I0.0 J0.0 (CW arc cut to X.5 Y-1.25 with
same radius origin as previous arc)
G00 Z.5 (Rapid traverse to z.5)
M05 (spindle stops)
G00 X0.0 Y0.0 (Mill returns to origin)
 M30 (Program End)
Having the correct speeds and feeds in the program provides for a more
efficient and smoother product run. Incorrect speeds and feeds will cause
damage to the tool, machine spindle and even the product. The quickest
and simplest way to find these numbers would be to use a calculator that
can be found online. A formula can also be used to calculate the proper
speeds and feeds for a material. This values can be found online or
in Machinery's Handbook.

MODULES USED IN THE PROJECT

This project includes the following modules for development of the project.
These are as
follows: -
1. MOTOR
Rotates the pen according to the text
2. ARDIUNO UNO
Used for transferring drivers
3. WOODEN BLOCKS
Used for placing machine parts
4. BEN BOX
Driver for CNC based writing machine
5. LAPTOP
For configurating the software name Ben Box
6. EXPANSION BOARD
Used for connecting wires of motors
 FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

Nothing is perfect in this world. So, we are also no exception.

Although, we have tried our best to present the information effectively,
yet, there can be further enhancement in the Application. We have
taken care of all the critical aspects, which need to take care of during
the development of the Project. Computer numerical control (CNC) has
transformed the industrial manufacturing and homemade design fields
tremendously over the past few decades. With automation and
precision being the two key components of CNC, it’s truly amazing
what can be designed today compared to just one generation ago. So,
imagine what the future of CNC technology may hold. Some leaders in
manufacturing have posed the question about whether current forms of
CNC programming developed by humans will even be necessary in the
future. With knowledge-based machining processes, adaptive and
closed loop machining, along with automated feature recognition
becoming more advanced each day, many experts predict that human
CNC programmers will be in much less demand in the near future.
This means a programmer-oriented field could endure a very drastic
change over the next several years.

Like the things this project also has some limitations and can further be
enhances by someone, because there are certain drawbacks that do not
permit the system to be 100% accurate.