Literature Review: Reactive Powder Concrete

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Reactive Powder Concrete

Many researchers have carried out studies on RPC in the past years to assess the properties and
its behavior. Some of the works carried out re discussed below:

Richard and Cheyrezy [1995] developed an ultrahigh strength ductile concrete with the basic
principles of enhancing the homogeneity by eliminating the coarse aggregate, enhancing the
microstructure by post-set heat treatment and the tensile strength of concrete was increased
by incorporating small, straight, high tensile microfibre. Two types of concretes were developed
and designated as RPC200 and RPC800, which had exceptional mechanical properties. The
mean compressive stress obtained for RPC200 was 218MPa and for RPC800 was exceeding
600MPa. For RPC800, a value of 810MPa has been obtained with a mixture incorporating steel
aggregate. The concrete finds its applications in industrial and nuclear waste storage silos.

Chan and Chu, [2002] has studied the effect of silica fume on the bond characteristics of steel
fiber in matrix of reactive powder concrete (RPC) by bond strength, pullout energy, etc. Various
silica fume contents ranging from 0% to 40% are used in the mix proportions. Results of them
show that the incorporation of silica fume can effectively enhance the fiber–matrix interfacial
properties, especially in fiber pullout energy.

Yang et. al., [2007] has carried out direct uniaxial tension tests on ‘8- shaped’ RPC200
specimens. The bond-slip process, mesoscopic structural variation and mechanical characteristics
of a fiber pullout of the matrix have been investigated using the real-time SEM loading system
and CCD observation techniques. Results of them show that there exists an optimal threshold of
fiber volume ρv, opt =1.5% at which the bond performance of a fiber pullout of RPC behaves
best.

Yunsheng et. al., [2008] prepared (C200 GRPC) by utilizing composite mineral admixtures,
natural fine aggregates, short and fine steel fibers. They investigated mechanical properties under
three different type of curing (standard curing, steam curing and autoclave curing) condition.
Their experimental results show that the mechanical properties of the C200 GRPC made with the
cementitious materials consisting of 40% of Portland cement, 25% of ultra fine slag, 25% of
ultra fine fly ash and 10% of silica fume, 4% volume fraction of steel fiber are higher than the
others. The corresponding compressive strength, flexural strength, fracture energy and fiber–
matrix interfacial bonding strength are more than 200MPa, 60MPa, 30,000J/m2 and 14MPa,
respectively.

Maroliya and Modhera, [2010] compared the mechanical properties of plain RPC with Recron-3s
fibre (RSFRPC) and corrugated steel fiber (SFRPC). Their results shows that compressive
strength of SFRPC was 30% increased while in RSFRPC strength reduced by 19%. Flexural
strength of SFRPC and RSFRPC in comparison to plain RPC was found that 60% and 40%
higher.
Prabha et. al., [2010] conducted a study on complete stress-strain curves from uniaxial
compression tests. The effect of material composition on the stress strain behaviour and the
toughness index were studied. The highest cylinder compressive strength of 171.3 MPa and
elastic modulus of 44.8 GPa were recorded for 2% 13 mm length fibres. The optimum fibre
content was found to be 3% of 6mm length or 2% of 13mm length fibres. A new measure of
compression toughness known as MTI (modified toughness index) was proposed
by them and it is found to range from 2.64 to 4.65 for RPC mixes.

Yang et. al., [2010] studied dynamic mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete
subjected to compressive impacts with high strain by means of SHPB (Split-Hopkinson-
Pressure-Bar) tests of the cylindrical specimens with five different steel fiber volumetric
fractions. The dynamic stress-strain relationships of RPC were modeled based on the
experimental data. The investigations indicate that for the plain RPC the stress response is
greater than the strain response, showing strong brittle performance. The RPC with a
certain volume of fibers sustains higher strain rate impact and exhibits better deformability as
compared with the plain RPC. With a constant fiber fraction, the peak compressive strength,
corresponding peak strain and the residual strain of the fiber-reinforced RPC rise by varying
amounts when the impact strain rate increases, with the residual strain demonstrating the greatest
increment.

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