A DETAILED LESSON PLAN FOR SCIED 50 - PRINCIPLES OF GEOLOGY

Prepared by: Maribao, Shamarie Love R.

IV- BSED GENERAL SCIENCE

I. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1) Understand the definition of map;
2) Identify the maps in different historical era, from the ancient time to the
modern cartography;
3) Determine the inventors of map;
4) Identify the different kinds of maps;
5) Evaluate the ideas on the different kinds of maps;and
6) Apply the reading map skill.

II. Subject Matter

Subject: MAPS
Reference/s: Environmental Geology, Physical Geology,Interpretation of geologic
maps,Brief history of maps and cartography, How to read maps,
Materials: Power Point Presentation, Printable maps, and video clip
Values: (a) Develop a genuine appreciation and interest for the maps that is
presented based on its structure and composition as well as on how to travel
the world using map itself.
(b)Strengthen the knowledge and skills of students

III. Procedure

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY

Good afternoon, class! Good afternoon, Ma’am!

Can we all stand for a short prayer? Yes, Ma’am (the students standing)
Marjun? Can you lead the prayer for us?
Marjun: Yes Ma’am.

(Marjun starting the prayer)

Our father who art in heaven, hollowed
be thy name, thy kingdom come, thy
will be done on earth as it is in
Heaven. Give us this day our daily
breadth and forgive us our trespasses,
as we forgive those who trespass
against us. Lead us not into temptation
but deliver us from evil. For thine is the
 kingdom, the power and the glory,
forever and ever, AMEN.

Thank you Marjun for leading the prayer.

So now, How’s your day class?

It’s very fine Ma’am in God’s Grace.
How about you Ma’am?

Brilliant! So am I. Thank you. Please take your

seats now. Thank you, Ma’am!

First and foremost, I will introduce myself to the

class. I am Teacher Shammy, it’s my pleasure to Likewise, Ma’am!
meet you!

I am your teacher for this afternoon

Okay Ma’am
RECALL

So, before we proceed to our discussion, let us

firstly have a short recall about what we had last (A volunteer answers.)Student 1:
meeting. Ma’am, we discussed the Wind: It’s
Any volunteer? energy, erosion, transportation,
depositional features and effects on
how it affects the place.

Very good! Thank you for that (Student 1)?

Student 1: You’re welcome Ma’am

So now, I will show a video about our topic for

today. And I will ask someone later on after the
video presented on what it is all about. Is it okay Yes Ma’am.
with you?
(A video is presented). It was taken from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GkhZKaltQu8
(A volunteer answers). Roxanne:
Okay, Anyone of one of the class has an idea on
Ma’am the topic for this afternoon is all
what could be the lesson for this afternoon?
about Maps.
Based on the video presented?
Oh yes, Ms. Roxanne!

Yes, very good. So for you what is a Map? Roxanne: A map is a representation of
places in whole world. It could be also
Yes, apparently correct, but we will go down used in travelling.
deeper on the understanding about maps. Okay!
 So now, Just seat back, relax, and fasten your
seatbelts because we will travel the whole world
with understanding the maps with its kinds and Yes Ma’am, Understood!
how to use it. Okay? Understood?

LESSON PROPER

All right! So,are you all ready?

Now let us start with the definition of maps. We Yes Ma’am

define map as a symbolic depiction highlighting
relationships between elements of some space,
such as objects, region and themes. And in
some definition it is also a graphic representation
or scale model of spatial concepts. (Merriam
1996).

So basically, based on the definition itself,

somewhat it is just a graphic representations of
the world. It gives concepts or even locations of
the different parts of the living earth. The Maps
was taken also from a medieval Latin Mappa
mundi, where in mappa meant napkin or cloth
and mundi meant the world.

So based on the definition in latin. The map was

made to used in the flat napkin or cloth with
corresponding places indicated on it.

Okay, now let us move on to the different

cartography inventor. So today, I want you to (students counting from 1 to 5)
form into a group. Atleast 5 groups. So let us (forming into group)
start counting here. (the right side).
Yes Ma’am.
Are all in group now?

So since, everyone is complete in the group. I

want you to have two representative per group.

I have pictures as well as maps here. (showing

the pictures)I know this maps are new to you.
But it gives an importance about how the map is
gathered up to modern era.

The volunteered pair will get a piece of paper

here. The paper contains the era of invention, (Students getting the piece of paper)
person as well as the map itself. So each one of
you will get a person and you will portray that
person here in front. Okay? Ready?
So yes everyone has the role now. I will just give
you 5 minutes. You used any of your references
if you can as a group and I will just give you 2
minutes each for presentation. Gets? Okay so
(students preparing)
the time starts now for your preparation.

(After 5 minutes) Okay, the time is over. Let us

start the presentation now. Let’s start with Student 2: Me, Ma’am
ancient cartography. Who is responsible for this?

Oh! You. So are you ready? Student 2: Yes, Ma’am

Let’s start. And the rest just listen because I will ALL: Yes, Ma’am
throw up some questions.

Student 2: Aheem, Good afternoon. I

am Anaximander. I draw the first Map.
I draw this using the assumption of
Erasthothenes that the Earth is
cylindrical in shape. And the notion of
spherical Earth with a central fire on its
core by Pythagoras.
This is my
map. That
invented. It is
the first map in
my time. The
ancient
cartography

Student 3: The earth is the center of

the universe. I will call it the
geocentrism. Who I am?

STUDENTS: CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY!!

Student 3: Yes, I am Claudius Ptolemy
of Roman Empire in about 100’s. I am
the one who invented the first map of
Romans. It is a map fofr administrative
and military needs. Refers the map in
Latitude and Longitude as well as the
means of describing location on earth
based on astronomical observations
from these areas. I also wrote the
Geographia book about 150 A.D. This
(Giving scores) is my map
Student 4: Tabula Rogeriana is the
map I made I made it fro King Roger II
of Sicily. This isn’t just a map of the
world. It also researched geographical
text that covers natural features, ethnic
and cultural groups, socio-economic
features and other characteristics of
every area I mapped. I am Muhammad
Al Idrisi. And this is my map.

Student 5:Fra Mauro at your service. I

am a monk in Middle Ages . I made
map with known as the very finest map
and is painted in Vellum and stretched
in wooden frame.

Student 6: I made a map in Early

Modern Period. I am Gerardus
Mercator. My map is known to be one
of the projections of earth as circular in
shape.This map is notable for being
the first attempt to make a round earth
look “right” on a flat surface
 Student 7: Matteo Ricci. The one wjo
invented the Map in 1600’s The Ricci
Map also known as the Impossible
Black Tulip. I am a Jesuit Prest. My
map is the oldest surviving map in
Chinese to show the Americas. The
map shows China at the center of the
world.

Student 8: The Cartography in Modern

Period. Many claims that the map was
made by themselves. So I will just say
that I am the inventor of the modern
cartography. The production of GIS
system. This GIS system was known
WOW! You’re doing it great congratulations. For to be one of the most accurate map
such a short period of time. You made it. that is seen and used.
I have scores here. It will be graded accordingly.
You will know later the scores.

So at this juncture, We will directly proceed to

the types of maps during the period of modern
cartography.

We have 6 main types of cartography. This are

the following:

 Political Map
 Topographic Map
 Satellite Image
 Geologic Maps
 Shaded-relief map
 Thematic Maps

Let us start with.

(student raising the hand)
(showing picture) Student 3: It is Political Map
 What do you think it is? Any wild guess? It is Student 3: Yes, I am very sure. It is
very popular right? because it used by us in any histrorical
subjects Ma’am. The widely used map
Are you sure? Why you say so? in our time today.
Yes Ma’am.

Wow. Very good. Yes, this is political map. This

map shows cities, towns and villages, and
different countries and states of the world with
their boundaries. It do not show physical
features. A capital city is usually marked with a
star within a circle. The maps may be black and
white, or they may use color to show different
countries.

The next one is this;

Student 6: I think thematic map
Ma’am? I can see some lines shown.
What is this? What can you see in this map?Yes Student 4: Shaded-relief map
you, (student 6) any guess?

Hmmm. Thank you (student 6). Any other

guess?
(student raising). Student 6: Contour lines is a
line/imaginary line that hat connect
Seems like it is not familiar to you. But, this map points of equal elevation
shows countour lines. The lines that you’ve seen
their. What do contour lines means? (student 6)
Student 7: For me Ma’am the lines
Yes very good. This is lines that has equal indicated some of the mountains or
elevation. This map is a Topographic Map. even ridges because as what You’ve
Topographic map is used by most of the hikers. said. It is used by some of the hikers.
This lines here indicates something. What is this
something?

Very Good. You need to follow also the different

kinds of legends that is based on this map. To let
you know where the place you need to find out.

The next one is this:

Student 8: This is a Satellite

Image. This like maps show us
What kind of Map is this? how much a city has changed,
how well our crops are
(students raising there hands) Oh yes, You Mr.
growing, where a fire is
(Student 8)
burning, or when a storm is
coming. So basically this
 images will be considered as
one of the detailed map
nowadays because it creates
much information about the
place.

Wow, Very good. You have so much idea about

this.

Let’s proceed now to the next.

Student 3: This is a Geologic Map.

This map not just shows rocks
structures but also includes
determination of folds and faults; land
This shows distribution of different types of rock use, planning system, siting buiding
and surficial deposits. and transportation system. As we all
see in the picture, this shows also
(students raising their hands) Yes Ms. (Student some of the volcanic activity that can
3): be found in specific place.
Reimon: It Claudius Ptolemy.

My students are now so intelligent 

And this one?

Student 9: That map is a physical
map. This map features on the
surface, such as mountains, valleys,
plateaus, and canyons. The picture
itself is produce by Digital Elevation
Model (DEM).
(student raising hand) ( calling Students 9)

STUDENTS: THEMATIC MAPS

STUDENTS: Thematic Maps is a map
that emphasizes a particular theme or
Yes apparently. And lastly, the? special topic, such as the average
distribution of rainfall in an area.
Very Good. What is this thematic Maps. Please
read everyone?
Student 10: This map is used for
diversity of ehich it indicates. Like the
 population of an organism or any other
type.
Yes, What can you conclude about what you
read Student 10?

Very Good!!

And yes, This Thematic Map has 4 Different

types.

 Choropleth
 Isopleth
 Dot distribution
 Graduated symbol.

This four shows statistical data, population

diversity, temperature, pH qualitative and
quantitative data.
Student 9: It is Isopleth Thematic Map
For you in this picture what could be its Ma’am
analysis.
Student 9: It is because Isopleth in
definition itself means connecting
points having equal incidence of a
specified meteorological feature. So
(Student raising hand) basically, the points as what you can
see, is the points in the area with
Why you say so?
equal pH level.

Yes, Exactly. Very Good and thank you for that

information.

The second one is the Choropleth. What is this

Choropleth? This shows statistical data
aggregated over predefined regions, such as
counties or states, by coloring or shading these
regions. This is the Picture of Choropleth
thematic map. As opposed to the Isopleth map.

STUDENTS: Dot Ma’am

The third one is the? What can you see?

Student 1: Dot Distribution Ma’am

Student 3: Dot distribution map might

Yes Dots. So what could be its name?
be used to locate each occurrence of a
Wow, Correctly identified. phenomenon

Yes it is a Dot distribution. What is dot

distribution? Oh yes, (Student 3)

STUDENTS: Graduated symbol

Very Good, Your so good students, You really Student 5: A map contain symbols
read advance already. varying in size to show their relative
quantitative values; used with
And the last one is the? point/location data.
Yes, What is Graduated symbol?

Yepeeey, you really are the good ones. You

studied very well.

So, Yes that the main kinds of Map. But we also

had some kinds of map that are used sometimes
in Locals. This are;

 Road Map;
 General-Reference Map; Students: No Ma’am. We already
 Climate Maps; absorbed all.
 Economic or Resource Maps

Students: Yes Ma’am

And that’s all of the types of Maps that still exist
nowadays. Do you have any clarification or
question regarding the kinds of Map?

Okay since, You do not have any question. Let’s

now read each map. Did you pack all your things
already? Because we will going to the places
that you wanted to go.

And Yes, Let us now start travelling!!

We have 11 steps in reading a map. It is divided
into two parts, this are the following;

Part1: Understanding the Map's Layout

Step 1: Choose the right type of map

Step 2: Check the map’s orientation
Step 3: Refer to the legend (also called the Map
Key) to make sense of the map

Step 4: Make a note of the longitude and latitude

Step 5 : Pay attention to the scale

Part 2: Using a Map to Get Where You're Going

Step 1: Figure out where you are.

Step 2: Make sure the map is aligned correctly to
your compass (optional)
Step 3: Pinpoint your destination
Step 4: Plot your course
Step 5:Follow the selected route to your
destination
Step 6: Create checkpoints to keep from losing
your way

So, I have here a map. We will going to use it in

our travel. Just follow the instructions. And also
take note of the legends.

And later on, one of you will demonstrate it in

Students: Aha! Aha!
the class. Okay? Ready na Ready na?

Let us start with the

Part 1. Understanding the Map's Layout
Step 1 – Choose The Correct Type Of Map

Choosing the map wethear it is a topographic

map, Thematic map and all kinds of map.

Step 2: Make sure the map is aligned

correctly to your compass (optional)

Open up the map and take a moment to double

check that you’re examining it from the correct
perspective. Most maps feature a “compass
rose” in one corner that shows which directions
are indicated by the various markers. Unless
otherwise specified, the top of the map will
always correspond with North.[2]

Step 3: Refer to the legend (also called the

Map Key) to make sense of the map.

In addition to a compass rose, many maps also

contain a legend, or chart that explains the
scientific methods used to draw up the map and
lists what important symbols mean. Familiarizing
yourself with the legend is key to comprehending
the way the map displays information.[3]

Step 4: Make a note of the longitude and

latitude.

A Meridian of Longitude is a geographic

coordinate that specifies the east-west position
of a point on the Earth's surface, relative to the
Prime Meridian. Meridians of Longitude (these
"Long" lines) run vertically from the North Pole to
the South Pole (or vice-versa, South to North).
Parallels of Latitude run parallel to the Equator
(the "waist line" of the globe) horizontally, and
show distance north or south of the Equator. The
numbers at the sides and top or bottom of the
map track the degrees of Longitude and
Latitude. Each degree represents 60 "minutes"
(which describes fractions of distance, not travel
time) and 1 nautical mile (roughly 1.15 land
miles).

Step 5: Pay attention to the scale.

A map’s scale provides a ratio of map distance

to actual distance. This will give you an idea of
just how far you have to go. The scale will differ
from map to map, but will typically be presented
as a number ratio, like “1 : 100,000.” This ratio
simply means that 1 unit of distance on the map
is equal to 100,000 units in real life.[5]
Part 2: Using a Map to Get Where You're
Going

Step 1: Figure out where you are. If you’re on

the road, the simplest way to do this is to
observe nearby street signs or highway markers
and cross-reference them on the map. If you’re
stranded someplace with no way of telling where
you are, try to match up what you see in real life
with what you see on the map. From there, mark
your position so you can get yourself pointed in
the right direction.[7]

Step 2: Make sure the map is aligned

correctly to your compass
(optional). Assuming that you're using a
compass to aid in navigation, it will be important
to calibrate it so that it's correctly oriented with
your immediate surroundings, taking into
account possible variations in magnetic
attraction (if abnormalities exist, they will
ordinarily be noted somewhere on the legend).
This step is sometimes known as “declination.” It
will be much easier to get a sense of where
you’re going when you can simply turn your
head.

Step 3: Pinpoint your destination. Circle the

place where you want to end up on the map and
look at how much distance lies between your
start and endpoints. Once you’ve done this, you
can zoom in and the identify which avenues will
allow you to arrive at your destination in the
shortest amount of time possible.

Step 4: Plot your course. From here, it’s simply

a matter of choosing which roads or paths you
want to take to get from Point A to Point B. Keep
in mind that the shortest distance between two
points is a straight line. Consequently, it’s usually
best to stick to a direct route with a minimal
number of branches or detours.[10]

Step 5: Follow the selected route to your

destination. Now that all the details have been
worked out, you can focus on the journey itself.
Roam confidently and watch the miles tick off,
glancing back at the map as often as you need.
Be careful not to deviate from your course unless
you’ve figured out a different route in advance.

Step 6:Create checkpoints to keep from

losing your way. As you move along, keep
track of your progress using a pencil or other
writing utensil. Draw a dot, star, or some other
symbol whenever you come to a notable
landmark. That way, you’ll be able to refer to the
last checkpoint you passed should you happen
to get turned around.

(Students yelling) Yeheeey.

So yehey, We arrive now here.
So, since you know now how to read a map. Let
us read together a map.
ACTIVITY
Any volunteer now? I need two person in this ( Marjun and Reimon raising)
activity.
Oh yes, we have two boys in this activity.
The mechanics of this activity is that, using all
the steps in map reading, from the Philippines. I
need you to travel from Philippines to United
States.
You need to follow all the steps and then you
have your freedom to find your own way in
reaching the location. The first to arrive have a
price. In Just 5 minutes.
Both: Yes Ma’am
Are we all set? Student 1 and Student 6?
Did you understand?
So, now in 3,2,1 Go! (Both are travelling using the given
maps)
(After 5 minutes)

Yes, very good class. You arrive at United States Studient 1: It is very great Ma’am I
now. How’s your travel? Student 1? swim oceans and even walk on the big
mountains just to arrive at the
locations.

Wow, you did it all? That’s amazing. How about

Student 6: Ma’am, I encounter many
you Student 6?
fishes in the ocean as well as animals
in the wild.
Student 6: No Ma’am, they are all my
Did they bitten you? (Laughing) friends.
I think so (). So much for that. Let us all settle
down.

So, the discussion about Maps is done. I will give

(students reviewing their taken notes)
you only 15 minutes to review your notes
because we will going to have a short quiz about
the topic.

Okay, the 15 minutes starts now.

After 30 minutes.

So, the 15 minute is done. Let us start the quiz. It

only take 20 minutes to answer all those
questions.

Understood? Students: Yes, Ma’am

EVALUATION

Test 1.Identify what type of map given below.

_______1.

CLIMATE MAP (STUDENTS STARTS ANSWERING)

_______2.

THEMATIC MAP

_______3.

GENERAL REFERENCE MAP

________4.
 TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

_______5.

ROAD MAP

Test 2: Answer the following questions:

_______1.He is the person behind the idea on

“Earth as the center of the universe”.

*CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY

_______2. A period in which the Ricci Map was

invented.

*CARTOGRAPHY IN EARLY MODERN

PERIOD

Test 3. Explain the following:

1) Illustrate the difference between Map

and Globe
2) Is Globe considered as a map? Give
some explanation
3) Is map still widely used nowadays?
4) For you, is it important to have a map
in everyday?

After 20 minutes. (STUDENTS DONE ANSWERING)

Okay class, tomorrow we will going to have a
different topic. Please read more about the
Geographic time scale. Because before class we Students: YES MA’AM
will going to have a short quiz. Understood?

So, see you tomorrow class. Have a bless day!

Students: Same to you Ma’am