5.

5 Perhitungan Regresi Linear Sederhana

5.5.1 Kelompok 1
No X Y X2 Y2 XY

81969 6718916961 16393800

1 200 40000

669760 4,485784576 x 1011 267904000

2 400 160000

207636 4,31127085 x 1010 124581600

3 600 360000

12375 153140625 9900000

4 800 640000

1943480 418779400
Σ=4 2000 1200000 4,985632237 x 10 11

Tabel 5.4.1. Tabel Perhitungan Regresi Linear

𝑛𝛴 (𝑥𝑦)−(𝛴𝑥)(𝛴𝑦)
b = 𝑛 𝛴𝑥 2 − 𝛴(𝑥)2

4 ( 418779400)−(2000) (194380)
= 4 (1200000)−(4000000)

1286357600
=
800000

= 160,447

𝑦−𝑏𝑥
a = 𝑛

1943480−160,447 (2000)
= 4
 = 405646,5

Jadi, didapat persamaan regresi sebesar :

Y = 405646,5 + 160,447x

Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi

𝐧 ∑ 𝐱.𝐲−∑ 𝐱.∑ 𝐲
R=
√[ 𝐧 ∑ 𝐱 𝟐 − (∑ 𝐱)𝟐 ] [ 𝐧 ∑ 𝐲 𝟐 − (∑ 𝐲)𝟐 ]

=
4 ( 418779400)−(2000) (194380)
√[4 (1200000)−(4000000) ] [4(4,985632237 x 1011 )−3,77711451 𝑥 1012 ]

1286357600
=
√(800000)(−1,782861615 x 1012 )

1286357600
=
√− 1,426289292 x 1018

= 1,0771

R2 = (1,0771)2

= 1,16014
Data 2

No X Y X2 Y2 XY

81969 16393800
8
1 200 40000 67,18916961 x 10

669760 267904000
8
2 400 160000 4485,784576 x 10

207636 124581600
8
3 600 360000 431,127085 x 10

4 800 12300 640000 1,5129 x108 9840000

Σ=4 2000 971665 1200000 4985,614 418719400

𝑛𝛴 (𝑥𝑦)−(𝛴𝑥)(𝛴𝑦)
b = 𝑛 𝛴𝑥 2 − 𝛴(𝑥)2
4 ( 418719400)−(2000) (971665)
= 4 (1200000)−(4000000)

−268452400
= 800000

= -335,5655

𝑦−𝑏𝑥
a = 𝑛

971665−(−335,5655)(2000)
= 4

= 410699

Jadi, didapat persamaan regresi sebesar :

Y = 410699 +(- 335,5655) x

 Y = 410699 - 335,5655 x

Perhitungan Koefisien Korelasi

𝐧 ∑ 𝐱.𝐲−∑ 𝐱.∑ 𝐲
R=
√[ 𝐧 ∑ 𝐱 𝟐 − (∑ 𝐱)𝟐 ] [ 𝐧 ∑ 𝐲 𝟐 − (∑ 𝐲)𝟐 ]

4 ( 418719400)−(2000) (971665
R=
√[4 (1200000)−(4000000) ] [4(4985,614 x 108 )−9441,32872225x 108 ]

1286357600
=
√(800000)(10501,1273 x 108 )

1286357600
=
√8400901840x 108

= 1,403

R2 = (1,403 )2

= 1,968

5.6 Perhitungan Gas Chromatography (GC)

5.6.1 Pembuatan Larutan Standar Kurva Kalibrasi Dengan Etil Alkohol
Sebagai Larutan Standar

1. GC 20 %
𝐺𝐶 1 = 20 % = 100 − 20 = 80
𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 20 µ𝑙
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 40 µ𝑙
𝐼𝑠𝑜𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝑘𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 40 µ𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 100 µ𝑙 = 0,1 𝑚𝑙
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡 = 1 𝑚𝑙 − 0,1 𝑚𝑙 = 0,9 𝑚𝑙
 2. GC 40 %
𝐺𝐶 2 = 40 % = 100 − 40 = 60
𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 40 µ𝑙
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 30 µ𝑙
𝐼𝑠𝑜𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝑘𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 30 µ𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 100 µ𝑙 = 0,1 𝑚𝑙
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡 = 1 𝑚𝑙 − 0,1 𝑚𝑙 = 0,9 𝑚𝑙
3. GC 60 %
𝐺𝐶 3 = 60 % = 100 − 60 = 40
𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 60 µ𝑙
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 20 µ𝑙
𝐼𝑠𝑜𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝑘𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 20 µ𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 100 µ𝑙 = 0,1 𝑚𝑙
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡 = 1 𝑚𝑙 − 0,1 𝑚𝑙 = 0,9 𝑚𝑙
4. GC 80 %
𝐺𝐶 4 = 80 % = 100 − 80 = 20
𝐸𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 80 µ𝑙
𝑀𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑙 = 10 µ𝑙
𝐼𝑠𝑜𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑙 𝐴𝑙𝑘𝑜ℎ𝑜𝑙 = 10 µ𝑙
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 100 µ𝑙 = 0,1 𝑚𝑙
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑃𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑢𝑡 = 1 𝑚𝑙 − 0,1 𝑚𝑙 = 0,9 𝑚𝑙
5.6.1 Perhitungan Massa Larutan Standard
1. Larutan standard 20 ppm
V = 20 µl = 0,02 ml
Massa = V x ρ
a. Massa Metanol = 0,02 ml x 0,793 gr/ml
= 0,01586 gr
b. Massa Etanol = 0,02 ml x 0,791 gr/ml
= 0,01582 gr
c. Massa Isopropyl Alkohol = 0,02 ml x 0,786 gr/ml
 = 0,01572 gr
d. Massa Total = Metanol + Etanol + Isopropyl Alkohol
= (0,01586 + 0,01582 + 0,01572) gr
= 0,0474 gr
Volume Total = 0,02 ml x 3 = 0,06 ml
Volume Injeksi = 20 µl = 2 x 10-3
Konsentrasi Standard 20 ppm
𝑋1 𝑋2
=
𝑉1 𝑉2
0,0474 𝑋2
=
0,06 0,002
𝑋2 = 0,00158 𝑔𝑟

2. Larutan standard 40 ppm

V = 40 µl = 0,04 ml
Massa = V x ρ
a. Massa Metanol = 0,04 ml x 0,793 gr/ml
= 0,03172 gr
b. Massa Etanol = 0,04 ml x 0,791 gr/ml
= 0,03164 gr
c. Massa Isopropyl Alkohol = 0,04 ml x 0,786 gr/ml
= 0,03144 gr
d. Massa Total = Metanol + Etanol + Isopropyl Alkohol
= (0,03172 + 0,03164 + 0,03144) gr
= 0,0948 gr
Volume Total = 0,04 ml x 3 = 0,12 ml
Volume Injeksi = 20 µl = 2 x 10-3
Konsentrasi Standard 40 ppm
𝑋1 𝑋2
=
𝑉1 𝑉2
0,0948 𝑋2
=
0,12 0,002
 𝑋2 = 0,00158 𝑔𝑟

3. Larutan standard 60 ppm

V = 60 µl = 0,06 ml
Massa = V x ρ
a. Massa Metanol = 0,06 ml x 0,793 gr/ml
= 0,04758 gr
b. Massa Etanol = 0,06 ml x 0,791 gr/ml
= 0,04746 gr
c. Massa Isopropyl Alkohol = 0,06 ml x 0,786 gr/ml
= 0,04716 gr
d. Massa Total = Metanol + Etanol + Isopropyl Alkohol
= (0,04758 + 0,04746 + 0,04716) gr
= 0,1422 gr
Volume Total = 0,06 ml x 3 = 0,18 ml
Volume Injeksi = 20 µl = 2 x 10-3
Konsentrasi Standard 20 ppm
𝑋1 𝑋2
=
𝑉1 𝑉2
0,1422 𝑋2
=
0,18 0,002
𝑋2 = 0,00158 𝑔𝑟

4. Larutan standard 80 ppm

V = 80 µl = 0,08 ml
Massa = V x ρ
a. Massa Metanol = 0,08 ml x 0,793 gr/ml
= 0,06344 gr
b. Massa Etanol = 0,08 ml x 0,791 gr/ml
= 0,06328 gr
c. Massa Isopropyl Alkohol = 0,08 ml x 0,786 gr/ml
= 0,06288 gr
 d. Massa Total = Metanol + Etanol + Isopropyl Alkohol
= (0,06344 + 0,06328 + 0,06288) gr
= 0,1896 gr
Volume Total = 0,08 ml x 3 = 0,24 ml
Volume Injeksi = 20 µl = 2 x 10-3
Konsentrasi Standard 80 ppm
𝑋1 𝑋2
=
𝑉1 𝑉2
0,1896 𝑋2
=
0,24 0,002
𝑋2 = 0,00158 𝑔𝑟

5.6.2 Perhitungan Regresi Linier Sederhana

a. Kelompok I
n X Y X2 Y2 XY

1 20 668158116 400 4,4643526798 x 1017 13363162320

2 40 1718409590 1600 29,52931519 x 1017 68736383600

3 60 2619663529 3600 68,626370052 x 1017 157179811740

∑ 120 5006231235 5600 102,62003792 x 1017 239279357660

Tabel 5.6.2 Tabel Perhitungan Regresi Linier

Persamaan yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan garis linier adalah :

y = a + bx
Dimana nilai b pada persamaan tersebut dengan menggunakan rumus sebagai berikut
:
n(ΣXY) − ((ΣX)(ΣY))
𝑏=
n(ΣX 2 ) − (ΣX)2
3(239279357660) − ((120)(5006231235))
𝑏=
3(5600) − (120)2
 117090324780
𝑏=
2400
𝑏 = 48787635,325

Maka nilai a :

ΣY ΣX
𝑦̅ = ;𝑥=
𝑛 𝑛

5006231235 120
𝑦̅ = ; 𝑥̅ =
3 3

𝑦̅ = 1668743745 ; 𝑥̅ = 40

Jadi :

𝑎=𝑦− 𝑏𝑥
𝑎 = 1668743745 − (48787635,325) (40)
𝑎 = −282761668
Maka dari hasil perhitungan yang diperoleh di dapat persamaan regresi:
y = a + bx menjadi y = −282761668 + 48787635,325x
Jadi, Konsentrasi sampel X5 adalah :
y = −282761668 + 48787635,325x
2495993290 = −282761668 + 48787635,325x
x = 56,956131 ppm

5.7 Uji presisi Retensi Waktu

Tabel 5.7.1 Analisis Presisi Retensi Waktu Pada HPLC
No Injeksi Konsentrasi Ret. Time Area
(ppm)
1. A2LCs1 200 3,355 82325
2. A3LCs1 200 3,355 864862
3. A2LCs3 400 3,409 643221
4. A3LCs2 400 3,409 646979
5. A4LCs1 600 3,355 864435
6. A4LCs3 600 3,409 643221
Average 3,382 624173,8333
SD 0,01201111 428762,6672
RSD 0,36382591 32,60902251
Tabel 5.7.2 Analisis Presisi Retensi Waktu Pada Gas Cromatography
No Injeksi Konsentrasi Ret. Time Area
(%)
1. Gcd 3 10 6,3230 816436245
2. Gcd 4 10 6,2870 6678598560
3. Gcd 3 20 6,2600 1725614191
4. Gcd 4 20 6,2330 1718241017
5. Gcd 3 40 6,2650 2677649268
6. Gcd 4 40 6,2580 2619420497
Average 6,2710 2705993296
SD 0,030757113 2063836933
RSD 0,490465843 76,26910737