Scribd
Upload
76 views1 page

Wall Stress Tensile Force, Spacing of Hoops Where

This document summarizes key concepts in fluid mechanics and hydraulics, including: 1) Stress on thin-walled pressure vessels is calculated using hoop tension and longitudinal stress formulas involving thickness, diameter, and internal/external pressures. 2) Buoyancy is calculated as the weight of fluid displaced, where weight is density times gravity times displaced volume. 3) Stability of floating bodies depends on the metacenter height and locations of centers of gravity and buoyancy. 4) Forces and motions of submerged objects, vessels, and fluid volumes are calculated using concepts like hydrostatic force, center of pressure, pressure differences, and eccentricity.

Uploaded by

MA Sal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
76 views1 page

Wall Stress Tensile Force, Spacing of Hoops Where

This document summarizes key concepts in fluid mechanics and hydraulics, including: 1) Stress on thin-walled pressure vessels is calculated using hoop tension and longitudinal stress formulas involving thickness, diameter, and internal/external pressures. 2) Buoyancy is calculated as the weight of fluid displaced, where weight is density times gravity times displaced volume. 3) Stability of floating bodies depends on the metacenter height and locations of centers of gravity and buoyancy. 4) Forces and motions of submerged objects, vessels, and fluid volumes are calculated using concepts like hydrostatic force, center of pressure, pressure differences, and eccentricity.

Uploaded by

MA Sal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 1

FLUID MECHANICS & HYDRAULICS Stress on Thin-Walled Pressure Vessel

(Hoop Tension)
𝑃𝐷
Density 𝑆𝑇 = Tangential Stress
𝑚 𝑃 𝛾 2𝑡
𝜌= 𝑣 ,𝜌= , 𝜌= where: 𝑡 = 𝑡ℎ𝑖𝑐𝑘𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑎𝑙𝑙
𝑅𝑇 𝑔
𝑝𝐷
𝑆𝐿 = 4𝑡 Longitudinal Stress
Specific Weight Where:
𝑤 𝑝 = 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 − 𝑒𝑥𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒
𝛾 = 𝑣 , 𝛾 = 𝜌(𝑔) 𝑝𝐷
𝑆= Wall Stress
4𝑡
𝑃𝐷
Specific Volume 𝑇 = 2 Tensile Force
𝑣 1 2𝑆𝑡 𝐴ℎ
𝑠𝑣 = 𝑚 , 𝑠𝑣 = 𝜌 𝑆 = 𝑝𝐷 , Spacing of Hoops
where: 𝑆𝑡 = 𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑝
Specific Gravity 𝐴ℎ = 𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 − 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑜𝑜𝑝
𝜌 𝛾𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 𝑝 = 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒
𝐺 = 𝐹𝑙𝑢𝑖𝑑 , 𝐺 = 𝐷 = 𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑖𝑝𝑒
𝜌𝐻2 0 𝛾𝐻2 0

Buoyancy
Surface Tension (𝝈)
𝑤 = 𝐹𝐵 where: 𝑤 = 𝛾𝑜 𝑣𝑜 , 𝐹𝐵 = 𝛾𝐹 𝑣𝑑
Capillary Rise (h)
2𝜎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
ℎ= Stability of Floating Bodies
𝛾𝑟 𝐼
𝑀𝐺𝑅 = 𝑉𝑅 − 𝐺𝐵 Stability against rolling motion
𝐷
Weight 𝑤3𝐿
Where: 𝐼𝑅 = Rectangle
𝑤 = 𝑚(𝑔) 12
𝐼𝑃
𝑀𝐺𝑃 = − 𝐺𝐵
Pressure (Gauge Pressure) 𝑉𝐷
𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝐿3 𝑤
𝑃= , 𝑃 = 𝛾ℎ Where: 𝐼𝑅 = Rectangle
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 12
𝐻𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝐻𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝐺𝐵 = −
Absolute pressure (𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 ) 2 2
(𝑃𝑎𝑏𝑠 ) = 𝑃𝑔 + 𝑃𝑎𝑡𝑚
Rectilinear Translation (Moving Vessel)
Force due to Surface Tension Uniform acceleration, uninclined platform
𝐹 𝑚𝑎 𝑎 𝑦
𝐹 = 𝜎𝜋𝑑𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑤 = 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑔 or 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝐿
Uniform acceleration, inclined platform
Pressure Difference 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽
𝑃2 − 𝑃1 = 𝛾ℎ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 =
𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 ± 𝑔

Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Plane Area Rotating Vessel


(Center Pressure Concept) 𝑤2𝑟2 1
𝐹 = 𝑃𝐴 , 𝐹 = 𝛾𝑑𝑐 𝐴 ℎ= , 𝑉𝑝 = 2 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
2𝑔
𝑑𝑝 = 𝑑𝑐 + 𝑒 Depth of point of application where: 𝑉𝑃 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑
Ī𝑥 ℎ = ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑
𝑒= Eccentricity Note: 𝐹𝑢𝑙𝑙 = 𝑉𝑆 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑅 , 𝑁𝑜𝑡 𝐹𝑢𝑙𝑙 = 𝑉𝑅 𝑡𝑜 𝑉𝑆
𝑑𝑐 𝐴

𝑏ℎ3
Where: Ī𝑥 = Rectangle MICHAEL SALINAS -BSCE 5th Year
12
𝑏ℎ3
Ī𝑥 = Triangle
36

Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Curve Area


𝐹𝐻 = 𝛾𝑑𝑐 𝐴 = 𝛾ĥ𝐴
𝐹𝑉 = 𝛾𝑣𝑑 = 𝛾𝑣𝑐 Volume displaced/Canned
𝐹
𝐹𝑅 = √𝐹𝐻 2 + 𝐹𝑉 2 , 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑉⁄𝐹
𝐻

You might also like