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Applications of Optical Instruments

Optical instruments like lenses, microscopes, and telescopes use light to enhance images for clearer viewing. Converging lenses make objects appear larger by bringing light rays closer together, while diverging lenses make images smaller by spreading rays apart. Microscopes use two converging lenses to achieve higher magnification than a single lens, with the image from the first lens serving as the object for the second lens. Similarly, telescopes use at least two lenses, with the first lens forming a diminished image that is the object for the second, magnifying lens to produce an enlarged final image.

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639 views2 pages

Applications of Optical Instruments

Optical instruments like lenses, microscopes, and telescopes use light to enhance images for clearer viewing. Converging lenses make objects appear larger by bringing light rays closer together, while diverging lenses make images smaller by spreading rays apart. Microscopes use two converging lenses to achieve higher magnification than a single lens, with the image from the first lens serving as the object for the second lens. Similarly, telescopes use at least two lenses, with the first lens forming a diminished image that is the object for the second, magnifying lens to produce an enlarged final image.

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ujjawal kumar
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Optical Instruments

Optical instruments are the devices which process light wave to enhance an image for more clear
view. Use of an optical instruments, such as a magnifying lens or any complicated device like
microscope or telescope usually makes things bigger and helps us to see in a more detailed
manner. The use of converging lenses makes things appear larger and on the other hand,
diverging lenses always gets you smaller images.
While using a converging lens, it’s important to remember that, if an object is at a larger distance
then the image is diminished and will be very nearer to the focal point. While the object keeps on
moving in the direction of the lens, the image moves beyond the focal point and enlarges. When
object is placed at 2F, which is two times the focal distance from the lens, the image and object
becomes of the same size. When the object moves from 2F towards the focal point (F), it’s image
keeps moving out of the lens and enlarges till it goes to infinity when the object reaches the focal
point, F. As the object moves closer to the lens, the image moves in the direction of the lens from
negative infinity and gets smaller when the object gets closer to lens.

Applications of Optical Instruments:

Multiple Lenses:
There are many devices like telescopes and microscopes which uses multiple lenses to create
images.Analyzing any system having multiple lenses shows that it works in stages where each
lens forms an image of the object. The original object will work as the object for the first lens
and creates an image. This new image will be the object for the second lens and so on. You can
see this with these examples.

Microscope:
A microscope has two converging lens. This is because it is easier to get higher magnification
with two lenses rather than just one. Use of one lens can magnify 5 times more and using a
second will magnify 7 times, and you will get an overall magnification of 35 which is not
possible in one lens. It’s an easy procedure than to get magnification by a factor of 35 with a
single lens. A ray diagram of microscope arrangement is given below. Here you can see the
image is the object for the second lens and the image formed by the second lens is the image that
you would see when you looked through the microscope.
Telescopes:
As we use telescope to view a object that is at very distant place, therefore, a telescope needs at
least two lenses. The first lens forms a diminished image which is nearer to its focal point. This
device is designed in a way so that real and inverted image formed by the first lens is just nearer
to the second lens than its focal length. WIth the help of a magnifying glass, we gets a enlarged
image which is virtual. The final image then inverted with respect to the object. This doesn’t
really matter with the astronomical telescope.While observing an object which is on earth, we
usually prefer a straight image which is obtained using a third lens.

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