Cooper Industries

Crouse-Hinds Division DOCUMENT 2438

Crouse-Hinds Airport Lighting Products
1200 Kennedy Road September 22, 2009
Windsor, CT 06095 Revision D
860 683-4300
Fax 860 683-4354

Title: INSTRUCTION MANUAL

FAA TYPES L-880 AND L-881
PRECISION APPROACH PATH INDICATOR
SYSTEMS
SERIES 88XA2X-X-XX
PAPI

Copyright  2009 Cooper Technologies Company

 2438
Rev. D

REV. DESCRIPTION LTR. CHK. APV

A Released to Production A204- 11/30/0 GFR
256 4
B Updated Figure 4-5; Item 17 in Table 5-2 was 27018 A205- 9/20/05 GFR
332
Added varistor to figures 2-2, 2-3 & 2-6; pg’s 6 & 7, 27195 was A206- 9/27/06 PG
C 10037-534; pg 5, deleted option 10; pg 3, 1.2.3.1 & 23, 3.1.1, - 153
28F was –28D; Fig 4-5, reversed lenses 180 degrees, revised
filter bracket pictorial and added note to lenses & filter bracket
not field replaceable; Fig 4-6, view D, revised filter bracket
pictorial; table 5-3; added item 16, 17 & 32 not field replaceable,
deleted item 19, P/N 27098, and revised item 18 P/N, was
27011; revised title page copyright; deleted Appendix B, lens
replacement; table 3-2, item 11 P/N 27195 was 10037-534

D Wire #26 was #17 on figure 2-5, page 20 and page 28, 3.1.6.5.2 A209- 9/22/09 KF
063

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Rev. D
LIMITED PRODUCT WARRANTY

THE FOLLOWING WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER

WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING, BUT
NOT BY WAY OF LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Crouse-Hinds Airport Lighting Products (the “Company”) warrants to each original Buyer of
Products manufactured by the Company that such Products are, at the time of delivery to the Buyer,
free of material and workmanship defects, provided that no warranty is made with respect to:

(a) any Product which has been repaired or altered in such a way, in Company's
judgment, as to affect the Product adversely;

(b) any Product which has, in Company's judgment, been subject to negligence,
accident or improper storage;

(c) any Product which has not been operated and maintained in accordance with
normal practice and in conformity with recommendations and published
specification of Company; and,

(d) any Products, component parts or accessories manufactured by others but

supplied by Company (any claims should be submitted directly to the
manufacturer thereof).

Crouse-Hinds Airport Lighting Products’ obligation under this warranty is limited to use reasonable
efforts to repair or, at its option, replace, during normal business hours at any authorized service
facility of Company, any Products which in its judgment proved not to be as warranted within the
applicable warranty period. All costs of transportation of Products claimed not to be as warranted
and of repaired or replacement Products to or from such service facility shall be borne by Purchaser.
Company may require the return of any Product claimed not to be as warranted to one of its
facilities as designed by Company, transportation prepaid by Purchaser, to establish a claim under
this warranty. The cost of labor for installing a repaired or replacement product shall be borne by
Purchaser. Replacement parts provided warranty period of the Products upon which they are
installed to the same extent as if such parts were original components thereof. Warranty services
provided under the Agreement do not assure uninterrupted operations of Products; Company does
not assume any liability for damages caused by any delays involving warranty service. The
warranty period for the Products is 24 months from date of shipment or 12 months from date of first
use whichever occurs first.

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Rev. D

SAFETY NOTICES

This equipment is normally used or connected to circuits that may employ voltages which are
dangerous and may be fatal if accidentally contacted by operating or maintenance personnel.
Extreme caution should be exercised when working with this equipment. While practical safety
precautions have been incorporated in this equipment, the following rules must be strictly observed:

KEEP AWAY FROM LIVE CIRCUITS

Operating and maintenance personnel must at all times observe all safety regulations. DO NOT
PERFORM MAINTENANCE ON INTERNAL COMPONENTS OR RE-LAMP WITH
POWER ON.

RESUSCITATION

Maintenance personnel should familiarize themselves with the technique for resuscitation found in
widely published manuals of first aid instructions.

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Rev. D

SAFETY SYMBOLS

DANGER:
DANGER The hazard or unsafe practice will result in severe injury or death.

WARNING:
WARNING The hazard or unsafe practice could result in severe injury or death.

CAUTION:
CAUTION The hazard or unsafe practice could result in minor injury.

NOTICE:
NOTICE Possibly dangerous situation, goods might be damaged.

IMPORTANT:
IMPORTANT Helpful information.

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Rev. D

Title Page--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
Revisions---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
Limited Product Warranty-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
Safety Notice--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
Safety Symbols--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
Table of Contents------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ vi

SECTION 1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2 Equipment Description------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

SECTION 2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 Theory of Operation---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12

SECTION 3. INSTALLATION AND CHECKOUT

3.1 Installation--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
3.2 Operation----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28

SECTION 4. MAINTENANCE

4.1 Periodic Maintenance------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44

4.2 Corrective Maintenance----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44
4.3 Problem Solving Guide------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 44
4.4 Relamping Procedures--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 47A

SECTION 5. PARTS LIST

5.1 Scope--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54
5.2 List of Figures----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54
5.3 Parts List----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54

Appendix A - Independent Method of Verifying PAPI

Glide Slope Angle------------------------------------------------------------------- A-1
TABLES

Table 1-1 - Part Number Tabulations-------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

Table 1-2 - L-880 & L-881 Style "A" PAPI Systems------------------------------------------------- 6
Table 1-3 - L-880 & L-881 Style "B" PAPI Systems-------------------------------------------------- 7
Table 1-4 - Part Number Tabulation - PCU Assy------------------------------------------------------ 9
Table 1-5 - Part Number Tabulation - PAPI Lt Unit Assy-------------------------------------------- 10
Table 3-1 - P/L: Suggested Mounting Hardware------------------------------------------------------- 41
Table 3-2 - P/L: Mounting Hardware-------------------------------------------------------------------- 42
Table 3-3 - Wiring Connections PCU Assy------------------------------------------------------------- 43
Table 5-1 - P/L: PCU Assy------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 55
Table 5-2 - P/L: PAPI Light Unit Assy------------------------------------------------------------------ 56
Table 5-3 - P/L: PAPI Light Unit Assy------------------------------------------------------------------ 57
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Rev. D

TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont’d)

FIGURES
PAGE

Figure 1-1 - PAPI System Signals----------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

Figure 2-1 - Light Unit Wiring Diagram, Style A----------------------------------------------------- 16
Figure 2-2 - Light Unit Wiring Diagram, Style B Master--------------------------------------------- 17
Figure 2-3 - Light Unit Wiring Diagram, Style B Slave---------------------------------------------- 18
Figure 2-4 - Light Unit Wiring Diagrams, Styles A & B
(without Tilt Switches)-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Figure 2-5 - PCU System Wiring Diagram------------------------------------------------------------- 20
Figure 2-6 - Light Unit P.C. Bd LED Indicators------------------------------------------------------- 21
Figure 2-7 - PCU P.C. Bd's LED Indicators------------------------------------------------------------ 22
Figure 3-1 - PAPI System Layout------------------------------------------------------------------------ 29
Figure 3-2 - Field Wiring L-881 Style "A" System---------------------------------------------------- 30
Figure 3-3 - Field Wiring L-880 Style "A" System---------------------------------------------------- 31
Figure 3-4 - Field Wiring L-881 Style "B" System---------------------------------------------------- 32
Figure 3-5 - Field Wiring L-880 Style "B" System---------------------------------------------------- 33
Figure 3-6 - Field Wiring L-881 Style "B" System
(without Tilt Switches)-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 34
Figure 3-6A - Field Wiring L-881 Style "B" System
(with grounded isolation transformers but without Tilt Switches)----------------------- 34A
Figure 3-7 - Field Wiring L-880 Style "B" System
(without Tilt Switches)-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
Figure 3-7A - Field Wiring L-880 Style "B" System
(with grounded isolation transformers but without Tilt Switches)----------------------- 35A
Figure 3-8 - Flange & Suggested Lt Base Assy Footed
Locations PAPI Light Unit Assy--------------------------------------------------------------- 36
Figure 3-9 - Suggested Flange & Elbow Assy Footing
Locations PCU------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 37
Figure 3-10- Suggested Power & Control Wiring Entry &
Exit Locations PCU Assy----------------------------------------------------------------------- 38
Figure 3-11- Suggested Mounting Hardware PCU Assy---------------------------------------------- 39
Figure 3-12- Mounting Hardware PAPI Light Unit Assy--------------------------------------------- 40
Figure 4-1 - Control Cabinet Front View PCU Assy-------------------------------------------------- 48
Figure 4-2 - Control Cabinet Side View PCU Assy--------------------------------------------------- 49
Figure 4-3 - Base Plate Components Mounting Details PCU---------------------------------------- 50
Figure 4-4 - Light Unit Side View ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
Figure 4-5 - Light Unit Top View------------------------------------------------------------------------ 52
Figure 4-6 - Light Unit Views (Misc.)------------------------------------------------------------------ 53

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Rev. D

SECTION 1. GENERAL INFORMATION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.1.1 Purpose

This instruction manual provides field support data and information for the FAA Type
L-880 and L-881 Precision Approach Path Indicator (PAPI) Systems manufactured by
Crouse-Hinds Airport Lighting Products, Windsor, Connecticut, U.S.A. 06095.

1.1.2 Applicability

The data herein is applicable only to system hardware bearing Crouse-Hinds Part
Number Series 88XA2X with applicable dash numbers. Refer to Tables 1-1 through 1-
5 for complete part number information.

1.2 EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION

1.2.1 System Components

A PAPI System consists of four identical light units (FAA Type L-880) or two identical
light units (FAA Type L-881), a power supply and optional aiming equipment for the
light units. The light units may be configured to operate from an FAA Type L-828
Constant Current Regulator (Style B) or from a specially designed Power and Control
Unit in accordance with the PAPI specification (Style A). The light units are normally
positioned to the left side of a runway and provide the aircraft pilot with visual
glideslope guidance information. Since the aiming angle of the light units is critical to
proper operation, they may be equipped with a tilt switch mechanism to provide system
shutdown in the event a light unit becomes mis-aligned. Reference Figures 2-1 through
2-5.

1.2.1.1 Style A Light Units

Light units of Style A construction are intended for operation from a specially designed
Power and Control Unit. They consist of two light projectors and a tilt switch
mechanism for the unit when specified. A resistance heater is provided in units
intended for installation in regions where the temperature may fall below -35 degrees C.

1.2.1.2 Style B Light Units

Light units of Style B construction are intended for operation from an FAA Type L-828
Constant Current Regulator. They consist of two light projectors, the tilt switch timing
circuit, tilt switch mechanism for the unit when specified, and lamp out circuitry. A
resistance heater is provided in units intended for installation in regions where the
temperature may fall below -35 degrees C.

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Rev. D

1.2.1.3 Power and Control Unit (PCU)

All Style A PAPI Systems are powered by a specially designed Power and Control
Unit. This unit provides for accurate regulation of the power supplied to the light units,
monitoring of the tilt switch circuitry, photoelectric control of the day and night
brightness switching and allows for remote control of the system from a radio controller
or the control tower. The Crouse-Hinds Model of the unit employs state-of-the-art
technology throughout. Lightning arrestors and transient suppressors are provided. In
addition, the PCU contains circuitry to shutdown the PAPI System in the event of an
over-voltage in the system.

1.2.1.4 Clinometer

The 25220 Clinometer is used by installation and maintenance personnel for the
purpose of aiming the PAPI light units. It is comprised of a precision spirit level and a
vernier calibration mechanism. Angles from 0° to 12° can be measured in 1 minute of
arc increments. It is not supplied as a part of the system and must be ordered
separately.

1.2.2 Application

The PAPI System is a visual landing aid. It provides a white and red signal to the
aircraft pilot enabling him to follow the correct approach path to the runway touchdown
point. The system does not require instruments in the aircraft and is equally effective
by day or night. Any pilot can use the system as soon as it is installed on the runway.

1.2.2.1 Position

This visual aid is located at the side of the runway adjacent to the origin of the
glideslope and perpendicular to the runway centerline. The setting angles of the four
units are graded. The difference in angle between each PAPI unit is normally 20
minutes of arc.

The nominal glideslope angle is midway between the angular settings of the center of
the PAPI Units.

1.2.2.2 Signal Format

A pilot approaching a runway on the correct glideslope will see two red and two white
lights in the bar (L-880 System). If the aircraft goes below the glideslope, the pilot sees
a progressively increasing number of red lights. Conversely, if the aircraft goes above
glideslope the number of white lights seen is increased. See Figure 1.1., page 10, and
Figure 3-1, page 29.

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Rev. D

1.2.3 Specifications

1.2.3.1 FAA Classification

Specification: Precision Approach Path Indicator qualified to FAA Advisory

Circular AC 150/5345-28F

Type: L-880 - 4 light unit systems

L-881 - 2 light unit systems

Style: A - Voltage Powered (multiple circuit system)

B - Current Powered (series circuit) systems

Class: I - Operation to -35 degrees C

II - Operation to -55 degrees C

1.2.3.2 Electrical Characteristics

Primary Power:

For PCU: 208-240VAC, 60Hz or 220VAC, 50Hz. Refer to Table on page 26 for
information on ampacity according to PCU size and input voltage.

For Style A: PCU for Style A Light Units.

For Style B: 2.8 to 6.6 Amp 50/60 Hz current regulator for Style B Light Units.

1.2.3.3 Physical Characteristics

Dimensional: Refer to Figures 4-1 through 4-5.

Weight: PCU 27185-1 - 88 lbs.

PCU 27185-2 - 105 lbs.
Light Housings 27170 - 75 lbs.

Environmental:

Temperature: -55 degrees C to +55 degrees C

(-67 degrees F to +131 degrees F)

Relative
Humidity: 100%

Altitude: Zero to 6,600 ft. (2000M)

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Rev. D

1.2.3.4 Installation Requirements

The PAPI System is shipped from the factory complete and ready for installation. The
agency responsible for installation must supply all necessary connectors, wire and
conduit required for unit interconnection and power feed. The Clinometer (P/N 25220)
is not supplied with the PAPI System and must be ordered separately. Only one
Clinometer is required per airport. It is recommended that the clinometer is checked
periodically against a good quality carpenter's level or a known leveling surface. Set
the vernier adjustment for 0°, 0 minutes and compare the clinometer bubble position to
the carpenters level bubble position or leveling surface. Calibration adjustments of the
clinometer must be made by the manufacturer.

1. Read Section 3 carefully. See Figures 3-1 to 3-7 for the wiring applicable to
your system. Be sure field wiring diagram matches the part numbers you have
ordered.

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Rev. D

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Rev. D

L-880 & L-881 STYLE "A" PAPI SYSTEM

NOTE: Customer must supply voltage between 208 - 240 V, 60 Hz. or 220 V, 50 Hz. to Power & Control
Unit Assy.

881A2A-1 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-1 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(2) 27170-1 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

881A2A-2 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-1 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(2) 27170-2 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

881A2A-2-11 OR -20 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-1 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(2) 27170-7 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

880A2A-1 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-2 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(4) 27170-1 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

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Rev. D

L-880 & L-881 STYLE "A" PAPI SYSTEM (cont.)

880A2A-2 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-2 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(4) 27170-2 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

880A2A-2-11 OR -20 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27185-2 POWER & CONTROL UNIT ASSY

(4) 27170-7 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27195 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS
(1) 27096 HARDWARE KIT - POWER AND CONTROL UNIT

NOTE: On Power & Control Unit Assy which is used with Light Unit Assy with no Tilt Switch
(Option -11 or -20), a jumper wire (#16 AWG min) must be added between TB1
terminals Tilt Switch A & B for Unit to function.

L-880 & L-881 STYLE "B" PAPI SYSTEM

NOTE: Customer must supply 6.6 AMPS Constant Current to PAPI Light Unit Assy

881A2B-1 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27170-3 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (MASTER)

(1) 27170-5 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (SLAVE)
(2) 33010 300W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR MASTER)
(2) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR SLAVE)
(2) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27068-1 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

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Rev. D

L-880 & L-881 STYLE "B" PAPI SYSTEMS (cont.)

881A2B-2 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27170-4 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (MASTER)

(1) 27170-6 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (SLAVE)
(2) 33010 300W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR MASTER)
(2) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR SLAVE)
(2) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27068-1 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

881A2B-2-11 OR -20 CONSISTS OF:

(2) 27170-8 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY

(4) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER
(2) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27068-2 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

881A2B-2-21 CONSISTS OF:

(2) 27170-8 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY

(2) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(2) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(2) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(2) 27068-2 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

880A2B-1 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27170-3 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (MASTER)

(3) 27170-5 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (SLAVE)
(2) 33010 300W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR MASTER)
(6) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR SLAVE)
(4) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27068-1 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

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Rev. D

L-880 & L-881 STYLE "B" PAPI SYSTEMS (cont.)

880A2B-2 CONSISTS OF:

(1) 27170-4 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (MASTER)

(3) 27170-6 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY (SLAVE)
(2) 33010 300W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR MASTER)
(6) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER (FOR SLAVE)
(4) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27068-1 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

880A2B-2-11 OR -20 CONSISTS OF:

(4) 27170-8 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY

(8) 33006 200W, 6.6/6.6A ISOLATION TRANSFORMER
(4) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27068-2 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

880A2B-2-21 CONSISTS OF:

(4) 27170-8 PAPI LIGHT UNIT ASSY

(4) 823KP-D4-D4 L-823 CONNECTOR KIT
(4) 27184 HARDWARE KIT - PAPI LIGHT UNIT
(4) 27102 POWER ENTRY KIT
(1) 2438 MANUAL
(4) 27068-2 CONSOLIDATING HARNESS

NOTE: All "MASTER" Style "B" PAPI Light Unit Assy's require two 300W, 6.6/6.6A
Isolation Transformers, P/N 33010. All other Style "B" PAPI Light Unit Assy's require
two (each) 200W, 6.6/6.6A Isolation Transformers, P/N 33006 each L-881 Style "B"
system uses 2 L-823 connector kits, P/N 823KP-D4-D4 for L-824 Type C #8 AWG
cable. Each L-880 Style "B" system uses 4 L-823 Connector Kits, 823KP-D4-D4 for L-
824 Type C #8 AWG cable.

All Opt -21 units require (2) 200W, 6.6/6.6A CSA certified, Grounded Isolation
Transformers per PAPI Light Unit.

8.1
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Rev. D

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Rev. D

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Rev. D

SECTION 2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

2.1 THEORY OF OPERATION

The technical discussion herein pertains to all PAPI Systems. Models with options may
deviate somewhat from the standard operational description presented, however, the
fundamental operating principles are the same.

2.1.1 Optics

The PAPI Light Unit has two Optical Systems. When viewed from a distance, the
projected light beams appear as a short horizontal bar. Each Optical System contains a
lamp, reflector, color filter and lens.

The light beam travels from the reflector through the color filter to the lens. Light rays
leaving the lens converge on a point approximately 6 inches beyond it. This causes the
image of the filter to invert, thereby placing it at the bottom of the beam.

The edge of the color filter is precision ground. It is used to provide a very sharp
transition between the white and red portions of the beam.

2.1.2 Light Housings

2.1.2.1 Style A Systems

All PAPI Projectors are not electrically identical. Projectors may not be interchanged
between Style A and Style B Systems. The light unit housings contain the electrical
circuitry required for their operation. In addition to the standard optics, the projector
housing contains (when specified) the tilt switch mechanism.

2.1.2.2 Style B Systems

Style B Systems contain (when specified) the same tilt switch mechanism as the Style A
systems. In addition, the box contains tilt switch time delay circuitry and a solid-state
lamp bypass system. (Reference Figure 2-6). In addition, the "Master" Unit would
contain a small current transformer.

2.1.2.3 Tilt Switch Operation

The tilt switch mechanism is factory adjusted to open circuit if the light unit becomes
mis-aligned more than 1/2 degree down or 1 degree up. On Style A Systems, the tilt
switch loop is terminated at the PCU and operates at 12VDC. In Style B Systems, the
tilt switch loop terminates at the Master Light Unit and operates at 20 to 50 mA.

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Rev. D

2.1.2.3 Tilt Switch Operation (Cont'd)

The tilt switch time delay is activated when the tilt switch loop opens. The open circuit
removes power from a delayed turn-off relay. The relay delay, in the range of 10 to 30
seconds, is sufficient to preclude erroneous shutdown due to wind buffeting and the
like. At the end of the delay period, circuitry is energized to effectively short circuit the
projector lamps on Style B Units. On Style A Systems, the PCU acts to turn off the
power to the light units. Restoring continuity to the tilt switch loop and cycling the
power to the PCU will re-energize the lamps.

PAPI Systems for operation down to -55 degrees C have tilt switch mechanisms
equipped with a resistive heater and thermal switch. The heater prevents the mercury in
the tilt switch capsules from freezing, while the thermal switch disables the heater in
more temperate weather.

2.1.3 PCU Circuit Operation

2.1.3.1 Voltage Regulation

The Power and Control Unit consists of either a 900VA or 1800VA multiple tap
transformer, together with the necessary controls and protective devices. These
multiple tap transformers are adjustable to provide a nominal lamp socket voltage of
30.3V high intensity and a choice of 19.5V or 12.5V low intensity. Burn out of any of
the lamps will not effect the operation of the remaining lamps, however, the voltage
may rise slightly.

2.1.3.2 Photocell Control

When the CB1 circuit breaker is turned on, the PAPI Unit will automatically turn on to
low intensity. If the level of light striking the photocell is above 55 foot candles, the
PCU will then switch to 100% brightness within 2 to 3 seconds. If the light level is
below 35 foot candles, the PCU will remain in the low intensity setting. After initial
turn on, a delay of 45 to 75 seconds is imposed on changes in brightness to prevent
switching due to shadows or reflections.

2.1.4 Remote Control Operation

A) The PCU may be operated remotely by connecting a switch between the remote
terminals on TB1. This switch, when turned on, will turn control of the PCU
over to the photocell with a response as discussed in Section 2.1.3.2.

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Rev. D

2.1.5 Protective Systems (Style A Systems)

2.1.5.2 Tilt Switch Protection

During the normal course of airport operations, a PAPI Light Unit may become
misaligned. Most light units are equipped with a tilt switch mechanism. The wires of
this mechanism are connected to the PCU at terminals "TILTA" and "TILTB". When a
light unit becomes tilted, the PCU waits approximately 10-30 seconds before de-
energizing the main contactor. To re-energize the system, the faulty light unit must be
realigned and the circuit breaker CB1 must be cycled to restore operation.

2.1.5.3 Transient Protection

The PCU incorporates devices for protection against transients from lightning or other
sources. Lightning arrestor LA1 provides protection on the input power lines.
Varistors are provided on the remote and tilt lines to protect the control circuitry from
transients. Because lightning is an naturally occurring phenomenon that varies with
geographic location, it is recommended that each installation be evaluated to determine
the need for additional lightning protection.

2.1.6 Protective System (Style B Systems)

2.1.6.1 Tilt Switch Protection

During the normal course of airport operations, a PAPI Light Unit may become
misaligned. Most light units are equipped with a tilt switch mechanism. The wires of
this mechanism are connected to the circuit board located in the light unit. When a light
unit becomes tilted, the board circuitry waits approximately 10-30 seconds before
placing a short across the lamps. To re-energize the system, the tilted light unit must be
realigned.

2.1.6.2 Lamp Bypass Protection

The two lamps in each light unit are connected in series. In the event one lamp fails, an
electronic bypass circuit activates to maintain the series circuit. When the failed lamp is
replaced, the electronic bypass resets automatically.

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2.1.7 PAPI Circuit Board - LED Definitions

The PAPI System makes use of Light Emitting Diodes (LED) to aid in performance
evaluation and troubleshooting. These LED's are designed for long life and should
never require replacement unless damaged by catastrophic system failure. A list of
LED's and what they indicate follows. For detailed use in troubleshooting, refer to
Section 4.

2.1.7.1 27138 PCU Control Circuit Board (Figure 2-7)

2.1.7.1.1 DS1: Power Indicator

The DS1 will be lit if the PAPI PCU has proper power applied and CB1 has been turned
on. It’s being on indicates there is power to the control board and the circuit is
functional.

2.1.7.1.2 DS2: Remote Control On Indicator

The DS2 will be lit when the unit is commanded on by the closing of the remote control
switch.

2.1.7.1.3 DS3: Photocell Day/Night Indicator

The DS3 will be lit to correspond to the photocell sensing a night condition which will
cause the lamp intensity to be low. Correspondingly, DS3 will be off to indicate the
photocell sensing a day condition which will cause lamp intensity to be high. There is a
delay of approximately 45-75 seconds before the unit will switch intensity after sensing
a change in day or night.

2.1.7.1.4 DS4: Tilt Switch Indicator

The DS4 will be lit to indicate tilt switch circuit is complete. The LED will go out
automatically with a tilt switch circuit failure, i.e. the projector unit becomes
misaligned. When a failure occurs, the unit will continue to function until the timeout
circuitry has disabled it. The timing for this function is 20 seconds +/- 10 seconds.

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SECTION 3. INSTALLATION AND CHECKOUT

WARNING:
WARNING Installation, service, maintenance or operation should be performed by qualified personnel
only.

3.1 INSTALLATION

The PAPI System is supplied ready for operation. When properly connected, no
electrical adjustments should be necessary prior to use.

3.1.1 Location

The PAPI System is normally installed to the left of the runway. Figure 3-1 can be used
as a sighting aid. It is strongly recommended that the standards of FAA Advisory
Circular 150/5345-28F, Chapter 2, be used as the primary installation reference.

3.1.2 Installation Details

Typical details are provided in Figure 3-2 through 3-12 for recommended light unit
installation schemes. Tables 3-1 through 3-3 list the hardware required.

3.1.3 Site Preparations

To maintain the inherent precision of a PAPI System, it is essential that the units be
rigidly mounted and stable. The following instructions for the preparation of the
concrete mounting pads have been found satisfactory in ground of average stability. In
extreme cases of unstable ground conditions, it may be necessary to increase the
dimensions of the pads or reinforce them with suitable piles driven into the ground.
Local experience will be a useful guide in such circumstances.

In most cases, it is acceptable to mount the units on concrete pads whose surface is just
below ground level e.g. at the base of turf. Some authorities do, however, demand that
any concrete "in the soft" should be at least 12 inches (300 mm) below ground level,
with infill of stone chip or other material to ground level. These instructions illustrate
the former, "ground level" pads.

3.1.3.1 Preparation of Concrete Pads

a) Mark the site with suitable pegs at the center of each unit.

b) Prepare the foundation for each unit, as shown in the applicable figures.

c) Each hole should then be filled with good quality concrete to the top of the
soil level and smoothed off.

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3.1.3.1 Preparation of Concrete Pads (Cont'd)

d) While the concrete is still wet, a wooden template complete with foundation
bolts should be worked into the concrete so that the template top is about .75
inch (20 mm) above the concrete surface. The centerline of the triangle formed
by the bolts should lie approximately parallel to the runway centerline and the
centers of the templates should be in a straight line within +1 inch (25 mm) and
perpendicular to the runway.

IMPORTANT:
IMPORTANT Take care when working the bolts into the concrete that there are no voids around them,
which could subsequently lead to looseness of the bolts.

e) With a level (or theodolite) and a surveyor's staff placed on each template in
turn, measure and record these levels with respect to datum.

3.1.3.2 Preparation of Mounting Legs

While waiting for the concrete to harden, the mounting legs can be prepared. The site
installation drawing will have established the optical centerline height of the wingbar
and also the local ground levels at each of the PAPI units, all referred to datum.

a) Knowing the nominal dimensions of the units and the actual levels of the base
templates as determined in 3.1.3.1 above, it is possible to determine the lengths
of the individual mounting legs. In practice, the overall accuracy need not be
better than .25 inch (5 mm).

b) Having determined the length, these can be marked on lengths of 2" EMT
(contractor provided - except on export orders). Cut the EMT and clearly
identify each piece (e.g. with numbers 1 to 4 corresponding to the units starting
from the one nearest the runway).

c) Assemble the mounting legs using the hardware provided. Refer to Figures 3-
11 and 3-12 for details.

3.1.4 Installation of PAPI Light Units

a) When the concrete is sufficiently set, the templates and twelve nuts remaining
on the foundation bolts can be removed.

b) Mount each leg on its respective pad, checking to ensure that the floor flanges
seat flat and level on the foundation before tightening the hold-down nuts.

c) Mount the unit on the legs and tighten all EMT locknuts.

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3.1.4.1 Height Adjustment

Loosen the locknuts on the under side of the base and adjust the height of all units in
the wingbar until the base frames are at the same level to within 1/4 inch (7 mm). This
is achieved by running the nuts of the three legs up or down by equal amounts, while
sighting with a level on to a surveyor's staff. The optical centerline height (OCL) of all
four units should correspond with that shown on the site drawing.

3.1.4.2 Cross-Leveling

Set the clinometer vernier to 0°, 0 minutes. Place the clinometer in position inside the
housing (reference Figure 4-5) and adjust the side nuts deferentially until the clinometer
bubble indicates the unit is level from side to side. Tighten the locknuts on the under
side of the two side legs. Correction of gross errors in this step requires repeating,
Section 3.1.5.1. See notes of Figure 3-12.

3.1.4.3 Elevation Setting

Set the clinometer vernier to the correct elevation angle for the particular light unit.
Place the clinometer in position inside the housing (ref. Figure 4-5), and adjust the pair
of nuts on the support stud at the rear of the light unit until the bubble is centered in the
level. Avoid straining support tabs, i.e. just take up the slack with the top nuts, adjust
them deferentially to bring the unit to the correct elevation angle and then tighten the
locknuts on the under wise of the lugs. (It is well to recheck the cross-leveling at this
point; re-adjust if necessary before finally adjusting the elevation). Tighten the
adjusting nuts and locknuts securely, making sure the critical elevation setting is not
affected. For an independent method of verifying the angles, see Appendix A.

3.1.4.4 Tilt Switch Adjustment

When all light unit alignment is finished, adjust the tilt switches as follows:

a) Set clinometer vernier to 0°, 0 minutes.

b) Carefully set the Clinometer on the mechanism.

c) Raise or lower the mechanism until the Clinometer bubble is centered in the
level.

d) Tighten the tilt switch mechanism nuts, taking care to maintain the level at zero.

e) Repeat this procedure for the remaining boxes.

NOTE: Using an ohmmeter to adjust the tilt switch mechanism is not recommended, as
it does not provide adequate alignment. Check that all lamps and filters are properly
installed. Reference Figure 4-6.

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3.1.5 Electrical Connections

3.1.5.1 Below Grade

Refer to Figures 3-2 through 3-7 for connections.

3.1.5.2 Above Grade

Refer to Figures 4-4 and 4-5 for mounting of the 27102 power entry kit. Make
electrical connections per Figures 2-1 through 2-4. Connect a good earth ground to
each light unit, using the terminal at the top of the input power cable. See Figure 4-4.
CAUTION: DO NOT connect this terminal to the counterpoise system. * This caution
statement is not applicable to Option –21 units for Canada.

3.1.6 Installation and Operation of PCU

WARNING:
WARNING Installation, service, maintenance or operation should be performed by qualified personnel
only.
3.1.6.1 Installation

The Power and Control Unit is supplied ready for operation with all ordered options
installed. Electrical adjustment of the tap on transformer T1 may be necessary (See
3.1.6.5.2, Step 7).

3.1.6.2 Location

The PCU may be installed in all locations meeting the environment specified in Section
1.2.3.3. The equipment should be accessible to qualified personnel only. In addition,
adequate drainage should be provided to preclude the possibility of standing water
hindering maintenance operations. See Fig. 3-1.

3.1.6.3 Installation Drawings

Typical installation details are provided in Figures 3-9 through 3-11. Additional
information can be found in Chapter II of FAA Advisory Circular AC 150/5345-28E.

3.1.6.4 Power Requirements

The Table below lists the input voltage and current requirements for the different PCU
Dash Numbers. It is recommended that the distribution circuit breaker be sized to carry
at least 125% of the rated current.
POWER REQUIREMENTS

TOTAL NUMBER OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE NOMINAL LINE CURRENT

LAMPS PER SYSTEM
4 208V - 240V 4.2A - 3.7A

8 208V -240V 8.1A - 7.0A

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3.1.6.4.1 Cables and Conduit

It is suggested that input power and load cables be located and routed away from
sensitive control, radar, or communications lines.

3.1.6.5 Installation Check List

NOTICE:(1) Read and become familiar with this procedure before attempting
installation of this equipment. Improper installation can damage this
equipment and void the warranty! If the equipment fails to perform
properly at any step of this procedure, consult the problem solving
guide. Call Crouse-Hinds at (860) 683-4300 if further information
is required during installation.

(2) Further, the Addenda Instructions for each equipment option

included should similarly be understood before proceeding with
installation.

(3) Installer should initial in space provided ( ) after completing each

step.

3.1.6.5.1 Mechanical Installation

() 1. Unpack the PCU, open the enclosure and check for any shipping
damage.

() 2. Refer to paragraphs 3.1.3.1 through 3.1.4 and Figure 3-9 for cement
pad and leg information. See Figure 3-11 for mounting details, and
Figure 3-10 for conduit hole locations.

() 3. Proceed to mount the enclosure to the legs.

() 4. Install the photocell unit using the hardware provided. The sealing
ring must be properly installed to maintain NEMA 4 integrity.

() 5. Remove all dirt and foreign material from the enclosure.

3.1.6.5.2 Electrical Wiring and Operational Checkout

() 1. Connect the equipment ground to the grounding terminal located in

the lower edge of the base plate. CAUTION: DO NOT CONNECT
COUNTERPOISE SYSTEM TO THIS TERMINAL. * This
caution statement is not applicable to Option –21 units for Canada.

() 2. Verify the voltage source corresponds to the PCU nameplate ratings.

() 3. Connect the primary voltage source to input terminal block TB1.

See Figure 2-5.
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3.1.6.5.2 Electrical Wiring and Operational Checkout (Cont'd)

() 4. Connect the PAPI Light Units to the terminals of T1. See Figure 2-
5. CAUTION: DO NOT megger test with the wires connected to
the PCU.
() 5. Connect a short jumper wire from Remote A to Remote B on TB1.
Also connect a short jumper wire from Tilt Sw A to Tilt Sw B on
TB1.

() 6. Apply source power to the unit. Close circuit breaker CB1 and
verify that the PAPI lights are on. Under daytime conditions, the
lights will turn on to the low step and switch to high after 2 to 3
seconds.

() 7. Connect a voltmeter across the load terminals on T1. If the voltage

is above 30 VAC when in the high step, turn off the PCU and move
wire #26 to the next higher voltage tap/on T1. Likewise, if the
voltage is below 29 VAC, turn off the PCU and move wire #26 to
the next lower voltage tap on T1.

() 8. Turn off source power to the PCU. Connect tilt switch and remote
control lines, if required, to terminal block TB1 per appropriate
wiring diagram. Refer to Figure 2-5. (Remember to remove jumper
wires when connecting tilt switch and remote leads. If remote
terminals are not to be used, leave jumper in place).

CAUTION:
CAUTION The PCU uses 12VDC, provided by the unit, for remote control and tilt switch circuits.
Incorrect wiring can cause malfunction or damage to the control system. Re-check these
connections before attempting operation.

() 9. The PCU is factory set for the lower (5%) nighttime intensity level.
If required, the night-time intensity can be adjusted to 20% by
moving wire #20 from T1-H1 to T1-H2. This change will not affect
daytime operation.

() 10. Make a final operational check.

() 11. Check that all cables and wiring are fully retracted within the
cabinet. Close the cabinet door and secure all fasteners.

3.2 OPERATION

Following installation and initial checkout, no electrical adjustments are required for
normal operation.

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SECTION 4. MAINTENANCE

4.1 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE

The PAPI System should be checked periodically as listed below:

INTERVAL ACTION

Daily Inspect for burned out lamps.

Weekly a) Clean and inspect lenses, filters and reflectors.

b) Replace broken or worn parts.

1 Month a) Verify light unit elevations.

b) Check tilt switch system by pulling one tilt switch cord.
System should not stay on for more than 30 seconds.
c) Check day/night photocell switching on Style A systems.

6 Months a) Verify light unit alignment.

b) Inspect cords and connections.
c) Clean and touch-up paint as required.
d) Perform periodic maintenance on PCU (Style A Systems).

4.2 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

In general, Corrective Maintenance is performed by the replacement of parts rather than

repair when they cease to function properly. The use of easily removable sub-
assemblies facilitates repair. The removal and replacement procedure should be
obvious to qualified maintenance personnel.

WARNING:
WARNING Do not attempt repair or servicing without first removing power from the equipment. The use
of lock-out devices is recommended for installations where the power distribution panel is not
readily visible from the equipment location.

4.3 PROBLEM SOLVING GUIDE

The Problem Solving Guide which follows, along with the accompanying charts and
diagrams, is provided to assist qualified airport maintenance personnel in locating and
correcting equipment malfunctions if they occur. If further assistance is required,
contact the Customer Service Department at Crouse-Hinds Airport Lighting Products,
Windsor, Connecticut. To expedite service, please have all nameplate data from
equipment prior to requesting assistance.

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QUICK PROBLEM SOLVING CHECKLIST

SYMPTOM WHAT TO DO

System will not turn on. No LED’s (1) Check power source turned on
on. (2) Check circuit breaker on PCU.
(3) See PCU trouble shooting guide

System will not turn on or turns on (1) Check tilt switch circuit on Style B systems,
then trips off. Some LED’s on. “TILT” indicator on master unit.
(2) On Style A systems - check load circuit
continuity.
(3) See PCU trouble shooting guide.
(4) Check for all lamps bad - very rare problem.

One light unit does not light. Others (1) Check lamps and connections.
are OK. (2) Style B systems - possible faulty tilt switch
board. See Style B trouble shooting guide.

Lights OK at low intensity, no change (1) Style B systems - check load on constant current
or small change when going to high. regulator for over load or too many bad lamps in
circuit.
(2) Style A systems - See PCU’ trouble shooting
guide.

Lights do not go to low intensity. (1) Style B systems - constant current regulator
Always in high. problem
(2) Style A systems - see PCU trouble shooting
guide.

Lights switch on and off erratically. (1) Possible tilt switch delay problem. See PCU or
Style B trouble shooting guide.

Lights change intensity frequently (1) Style A systems - see PCU trouble shooting
and/or unexpectedly. guide.
(2) Style B systems - constant current regulator
problem.

All option related problems. See addendum for respective option at rear of this
manual.

All other problems. 1) See PCU or Style B trouble shooting guide.

(2) Contact factory.

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PCU TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE PROBLEM & SOLUTION

No operation. (1) Blown fuse F1 on pc board.

No LED’s on. **Replace fuse**
(2) Defective circuit board.
**Replace 27138-X**
(3) Defective CB1 or LA1 (Both very rare).
**Replace**

No operation. (1) Blown F2 on pc board.

DS1 is on. No other LED’s on. **Replace fuse**
(2) Check for jumper wire from Remote A to Remote
B on TB1 or check that the remote control switch
is closed.
(3) Defective circuit board.
** Replace 27138-X**
(4) Short in coil of K1 or K2 (should read about
70 ohms)
**Replace contactor if coil resistance is low**

No operation. (1) Tilt switch circuit is not complete. Check

DS1 & DS2 are on, DS4 is off. alignment and tilt switch wires.
(3) Defective circuit board.
**Replace 27138-X**

Day/Night operation. (1) By Covering the photocell, DS3 should turn on

DS3 is on for night mode. immediately to indicate night mode. There will be
DS3 is off for day mode. a 60 second delay before a change in intensity.
Uncovering the photocell or shinning a flashlight
on it, DS3 should go off immediately. There will
be a 60 second delay before a change in intensity.

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STYLE B PAPI TROUBLE SHOOTING GUIDE

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE PROBLEM & SOLUTION

One light unit does not (1) Check lamps and connections. If OK, pc board is bad.
operate. (See Note 1)

Lights switch on and off (1) If one light unit is affected, check connections. If OK, pc
erratically. board is bad.
(See Note 1)
(2) If “TILT” indicator on master pc board flickers, check tilt
switches.
(3) If all light units, check constant current regulator. If OK,
pc board in Master unit is bad.
(See Note 2)

NOTE 1 - It is possible in some cases to remove the relay on the pc board to temporarily restore
operation. This is not recommended as a permanent solution, as the tilt switch shutdown for
that light unit is not active when the relay is removed.

NOTE 2 - To facilitate immediate restoration, the pc board from any other unit can be swapped with
the master unit. This may allow complete or partial system restoration, depending upon
exactly which component on the bad pc board is faulty.

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4.4 RELAMPING PROCEDURES

WARNING:
WARNING Do not attempt repair or servicing without first removing power from the equipment. The use
of lock-out devices is recommended for installations where the power distribution panel is not
readily visible from the equipment location.

4.4.1 Removal of the Lamp

After power to the unit has been secured, remove the cover from the PAPI Light Unit Assy.
Refer to View C in Figure 4-6, remove the Socket Retainer, item 33, holding the Lamp Socket,
item 27.

CAUTION:
CAUTION Retainer, socket, and lamp may be extremely hot and can cause burns.

Pull the Lamp and Lamp Socket out into the open. Remove the Lamp from the Socket, item 27,
and discard the Lamp.

4.4.2 Replacing the Lamp

Install the new Lamp, item 20, into the Lamp Socket. Reposition the Lamp Socket into the
cutout in the Lamp Bracket. Make sure the Lamp Socket is arranged so that the terminals face
the Tilt Switch side of the box. Secure the Lamp Socket, item 27, with the Socket Retainer, item
33. Make certain the Lamp Socket is secure. Put the cover back on the PAPI Light Unit and
secure. Energize the Light Unit and check for light output.

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SECTION 5. PARTS LIST

5.1 SCOPE

The Parts Lists provide ordering data for all repairable or replaceable components and assemblies.
The Figures and Tables are arranged to show each replaceable part or assembly. The parts are
identified in each Figure by Item Number. The Item Number appears in the corresponding Parts
List, which also provides the part number and description.

5.2 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4-1: PCU-Front View

Figure 4-2: PCU-Side View
Figure 4-3: PCU-Base Plate Components
Figure 4-4: Light Unit-Side View
Figure 4-5: Light Unit-Top View
Figure 4-6: Light Unit-Detail Views

5.3 PARTS LIST

Table 5-1: Power and Control Unit (PCU)

Table 5-2: Light Unit Assembly-Page 1
Table 5-3: Light Unit Assembly-Page 2

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APPENDIX A

INDEPENDENT METHOD OF VERIFYING PAPI GLIDE SLOPE ANGLE

A1. Locate a point (A) 25 ft. and another point (B) 50 ft. in front of each PAPI unit. Each PAPI unit
will have either two or three projectors. See Figure 1.

A2. At each location, drive a stake into the ground. Use a transit to align the top of each stake to the
same level. The stake tops should be no higher than the PAPI mounting height. See Figure 1.

A3. Obtain a wooden board having the approximate dimensions: 1" thick, 8" wide, and 6' long. Drill
3/16" diameter holes (make sure the edges are clean) along the centerline at 1/2" intervals. See
Figure 2.

A4. Place the board vertically on top of Stake A.

A5. Adjust the PAPI light output to its lowest intensity level.

A6. Stand in front of the board and peer through the holes looking at the PAPI unit light output.

A7. Find the hole through which each PAPI projector in the unit appears to be half red and half white.
All two or three projectors on the same unit should appear to change color at approximately the
same time. Be as precise as you can and mark the hole through which the unit appears half red
and white.

A8. Record the distance from the top of the stake to the hole. This is dimension X. See Figure 3.

A9. Repeat Steps 4 through 8 for Stake B. The distance from the top of the stake to the hole is
dimension Y. See Figure 3.

A10. Calculate the tangent of the glide slope by using the following formula. Y and X are in feet or
inches as shown below.

(Y-X) (Y-X)
Tan ( ) = ------ or ----------
25 ft. 300 inches

A11. Convert the Tangent ( ) to the actual degrees by using a calculator or Trigonometric Table.

A12. Compare the actual angle with the clinometer reading for that PAPI unit. If there is more than a
plus or minus 0 degree 10 minute variation, call Crouse-Hinds for assistance.

A13. If your PAPI System is set at the standard glide angles listed below, then there is no need to
convert to degrees. Compare your (y-x) dimension with those given and if you find a variation of
more than ±1 inch, please call for assistance.

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APPENDIX A (CONT'D)

TABLE OF ANGLES

AND CHECKING DIMENSIONS

PAPI UNIT STANDARD (Y-X) (Y-X)

PAPI ANGLES INCHES FEET

1 3° 30' 18.3 1.53

2 3° 10' 16.6 1.38

3 2° 50' 14.8 1.24

4 2° 30' 13.1 1.09

NOTE: A) PAPI unit one is closest to the runway.

B) Tolerance is ±1 inch or ±0.08 feet.

A14. Repeat this procedure for all other PAPI units.

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A4