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Assignment 3

This document contains 20 questions related to air pollution for an assignment. The questions cover topics like the differences between RSPM and TSPM, stability of the ambient environment, types of inversions, electrostatic precipitators, modeling ground level pollutant concentrations from stack emissions, calculating effective stack height, estimating pollutant emissions from fuel consumption, sizing air pollution control equipment like cyclones and electrostatic precipitators, and atmospheric processes like photochemical smog formation and the impacts of acid rain and global warming. Students are asked to answer each question by calculating values, defining terms, or explaining concepts.

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HARI
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323 views

Assignment 3

This document contains 20 questions related to air pollution for an assignment. The questions cover topics like the differences between RSPM and TSPM, stability of the ambient environment, types of inversions, electrostatic precipitators, modeling ground level pollutant concentrations from stack emissions, calculating effective stack height, estimating pollutant emissions from fuel consumption, sizing air pollution control equipment like cyclones and electrostatic precipitators, and atmospheric processes like photochemical smog formation and the impacts of acid rain and global warming. Students are asked to answer each question by calculating values, defining terms, or explaining concepts.

Uploaded by

HARI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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National Institute of Technology Sikkim

Assignment 3
1. Write down the difference between RSPM and TSPM in relation to air pollution.
2. Draw the stability of the ambient environment w.r.to relative positions of ELR line and ALR
line.
3. Differentiate between radiation inversion and subsidence inversion bringing out their impacts
on the resulting air pollution effects.
4. Mention the principle of electrostatic precipitators and catalytic incineration.
5. A power plant burns 6.25 tonnes of coal per hour and discharges the combustion products
through a stack that has an effective height of 80 m. The coal has a sulfer content of 4.7
percent and the wind velocity at the top of the stack is 8.0 m/s. The atmospheric conditions
are moderately to slightly stable. Determine the maximum ground level concentration of SO2
and the distance from the stack at which the maximum occurs.
From the data, determine the ground level concentrations at a distance of 2 km downwind at
the centerline of the plume and a at a crosswind distance of 0.5 km on either side of the
centerline.
6. Determine the effective height of a stack give the following data.
i. Physical stack is 180 m tall with 0.95 m inside diameter.
ii. Wind velocity is 2.75 m/s.
iii. Air temperature is 200C.
iv. Barometric pressure is 1000 milibars.
v. Stack gas velocity is 11.12 m/s.
vi. Stack gas temperature is 1600C.
7. An industry utilizes 0.3 Ml of oil fuel per month. It has also been estimated that for every 1
Ml of fuel oil burnt in the factory, per year, the quantities of various pollutants emitted are
given as:
Particulate matter= 2.9 t/yr
SO2= 60 t/yr
NOx= 8 t/yr
HC= 0.4 t/yr
CO= 0.5 t/yr
Calculate the height of the chimney required to be provided for safe dispersion of the
pollutants.
8. An air stream with a flow rate of 7 m/sec is passed through a cyclone of standard proportions.
The diameter of the cyclone is 2.0 m, and the air temperature is 770 C.
(a) Determine the removal of efficiency for a particle with a density of 1.5 g/cm and a
diameter of 10 µm.
(b) Determine the collection efficiency based on the above if a bank of 64 cyclones with
diameters of 24 cm used instead of the single large unit.
9. An electrostatic precipitator is to be constructed to remove fly ash particles from stack gases
flowing at 10 m3/sec. Analysis of a similar system shows that the drift velocity can be taken
National Institute of Technology Sikkim

as w= 3.0 x 105dpm/sec. Determine the plate area required to collect of 0.5 µm particle with
(i) 90% efficiency and (ii) 99% efficiency.
10. An Illinois coal is burned at a rate of 1 kg per second. If the analysis of the coal reveals a
sulfur content of 3%, what is the annual rate of emission of SO2?
11. Determine the height of a packed tower that is to reduce NH3 in air from a concentration of
0.10 kg/m3 to a concentration of 0.005 kg/m3 given the following data:
Column diameter= 3 m
Operating temperature= 200 C
Operating pressure= 101.325 kPa
Hg= 0.438 m
Ht= 0.250 m
Qg = Qt = 10 kg/sec
Incoming liquid is water free of NH3.
12. Determine the breakthrough time for an adsorption bed that is 0.50 m thick and 10 m 2 in
cross section. The operating parameters for the bed are as follows:
Gas flow rate: 1.3 kg/sec of air
Gas temperature= 250 C
Gas pressure= 101.325 kPa
Bed density as packed= 420 kg/m3
Inlet pollutant concentration= 0.0020 kg/m3
Langmuir parameters: a= 18, b= 124
Width of adsorption zone= 0.03 m.
13. What is the density of oxygen at a temperature of 273.0 K and a pressure of 98.0 kPa?
14. A coal fired 1000 MW power plant is operating around 38% efficiency. The ash and sulpher
content in the coal used respectively are 35% and 3% and the calorific value of 21 MJ per kg
of coal. Find the emission rate of SO2 from the plant.
15. During rush hour on a busy road crossing, nearly 1200 vehicles ply per hour of an average
speed of 20 kmph. Of these, about 70% cars use leaded petrol. The average fuel consumption
is one litre for an average of 8 km of travel. Find the emission rate of lead aerosol in the
ambient air. (Concentration of lead in the fuel 0.4 µg/L; assuming 70% of lead present in fuel
is emitted in the form of particulate aerosol, bright day and light wind).
16. A rising plume of stack gas has a temperature of 10000C at 200 m. Assuming a dry adiabatic
lapse rate determine the temperature at 800 m.
17. Write down three major adsorbents used for reduction of air pollution.
18. A fabric filter is to be constructed using bags that are 0.3 m in diameter and 6.0 m long. The
baghouse is to receive 10 m3/sec of air, and the appropriate filtering velocity has been
determined to be 2.0 m/min. Determine the number of bags required for a continuously
cleaned operation.
19. Calculate the minimum size of the particle that will be removed with 100 percent efficiency
from a settling chamber under the following condition:
National Institute of Technology Sikkim

Horizontal velocity is 0.3 m/sec


Temperature 770C.
Specific gravity= 2.0
Chamber length 7.5 m and height is 1.5 m.
20. How photochemical smog is formed? Write down some adverse effect of acid rain and global
warming.

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