Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

BADMINTON HISTORY

Games employing shuttlecocks have been played for centuries across Eurasia,[a] but the modern game
of badminton developed in the mid-19th century among the British as a variant of the earlier game of
battledore and shuttlecock. ("Battledore" was an older term for "racquet".) Its exact origin remains
obscure. The name derives from the Duke of Beaufort's Badminton House in Gloucestershire, but why or
when remains unclear. As early as 1860, a London toy dealer named Isaac Spratt published a booklet
entitled Badminton Battledore – A New Game, but no copy is known to have survived. An 1863 article in
The Cornhill Magazine describes badminton as "battledore and shuttlecock played with sides, across a
string suspended some five feet from the ground".

The game may have originally developed among expatriate officers in British India, where it was very
popular by the 1870s. Ball badminton, a form of the game played with a wool ball instead of a
shuttlecock, was being played in Thanjavur as early as the 1850s and was at first played interchangeably
with badminton by the British, the woollen ball being preferred in windy or wet weather.

Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of Poona, where it was
particularly popular and where the first rules for the game were drawn up in 1873. By 1875, officers
returning home had started a badminton club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides
ranging from 1 to 4 players, but it was quickly established that games between two or four competitors
worked the best. The shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in outdoor play, sometimes
weighted with lead. Although the depth of the net was of no consequence, it was preferred that it
should reach the ground.

The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E. Hart of the Bath Badminton Club
drew up revised regulations. In 1890, Hart and Bagnel Wild again revised the rules. The Badminton
Association of England (BAE) published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the sport at a house
called "Dunbar" in Portsmouth on 13 September. The BAE started the first badminton competition, the
All England Open Badminton Championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and mixed
doubles, in 1899.[5] Singles competitions were added in 1900 and an England–Ireland championship
match appeared in 1904.

England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, and New Zealand were
the founding members of the International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the
Badminton World Federation. India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now governs international
badminton. Although initiated in England, competitive men's badminton has traditionally been
dominated in Europe by Denmark. Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international
competition. China, Denmark, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, South Korea and Japan are the nations which
have consistently produced world-class players in the past few decades, with China being the greatest
force in men's and women's competition recently.
Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

OFFICIATING IN BADMINTON
SPECIALIZED ROLES FOR QUALIFIED VOLUNTEERS

Officials roles are among the most important positions when planning badminton events as they are
specialized roles filled by qualified volunteers.

Badminton events of all size - be it a local circuit tournament, county competition or even one of our
major events - on a national and international level, require a team of officials.

This team will typically be made up of:

 Line judges

A line judge is responsible for indicating whether a shuttle has landed “in” or “out” when the shuttle
lands near the lines he/she has been assigned to monitor. Depending on the level of tournament, there
may be as many as 10 line judges assigned to a court for a particular match.

 Umpires
The officials are the judges responsible to ensure a fair badminton game is being played.They consists
of: Umpire: The 'main judge' for the particular badminton game. He/she has the power to overrule any
decisions made by the service judge or line judges.

 Match referees

The referee is the most senior official in a badminton tournament and they in overall charge of
all matters which affect play and the players on and off court. The Umpire and Line
Judge teams who jointly look after a court during a match will report in to the referee who in
turn looks after the whole tournament.
Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

BADMINTON RULES
 A game can take place with either two (singles) or four (doubles) players.
 An official match has to be played indoors on the proper court dimensions. The
dimensions are 6.1m by 13.4m, The net is situated through the middle of the
court and is set at 1.55m.
 To score a point the shuttlecock must hit within the parameters of the opponents
court.
 If the shuttlecock hits the net or lands out then a point is awarded to your
opponent.
 Players must serve diagonally across the net to their opponent. As points are
won then serving stations move from one side to the other. There are no second
serves so if your first serve goes out then your opponent wins the point.
 A serve must be hit underarm and below the servers waist. No overarm serves
are allowed.
 Each game will start with a toss to determine which player will serve first and
which side of the court the opponent would like to start from.
 Once the shuttlecock is ‘live’ then a player may move around the court as they
wish. They are permitted to hit the shuttlecock from out of the playing area.
 If a player touches the net with any part of their body or racket then it is deemed
a fault and their opponent receives the point.
 A fault is also called if a player deliberately distracts their opponent, the
shuttlecock is caught in the racket then flung, the shuttlecock is hit twice or if the
player continues to infract with the laws of badminton.
 Each game is umpired by a referee on a high chair who overlooks the game.
There are also line judges who monitor if the shuttlecock lands in or not. The
referee has overriding calls on infringements and faults.
 Let may be called by the referee if an unforeseen or accidental circumstance
arose. These may include the shuttlecock getting stuck in the bet, server serving
out of turn, one player was not ready or a decision which is too close to call.
 The game has only two rest periods coming the form of a 90 second rest after
the first game and a 5 minute rest period after the second game.
 If the laws are continuously broken by a player then the referee holds the power
to dock that player of points with persisting fouls receiving a forfeit of the set or
even the match.
Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

COURT DIMENSION
The overall dimensions of a badminton court is 20 feet by 44 feet. The lines along these
measurements mark the sidelines for doubles play and long service lines for singles play. The
net line marks the middle of the court where the net is placed, creating a 22 feet by 20 feet area
on each side of the net.
 Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

TERMINOLOGY

 Alley - side-extension of the court by l½ feet on both sides that is used for doubles
play.

 Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for
doubles.

 Backcourt - the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.

 Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, that runs parallel to the
net.

 Bird or birdie - another name for the shuttlecock

 Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught
and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.

 Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service
courts.

 Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back court.

 Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.

 Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.

 Drop - A shot hit sohly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the
opponent’s side.

 Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play
(see common faults listed below).
 Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

 Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing
an apparently soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and
at the net.

 Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.

 Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the
shuttle rising, just clearing the net, and then dropping sharply down the other side.
The shuttle’s flight approximates the shape of a hairpin.

 Halfcourt Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles
against the up-and-back formation.

 Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "putaway."

 Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.

 Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a line 2 l/2 feet
inside the back boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.

 Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93 it is three out of five), to
determine a winner. Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway between the
net and the back boundary line.

 Net Shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.

 Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion,
usually from net or midcourt to the opponent’s midcourt.

 Racket - Instrument used by playerto hit shuttlecock Weight:About3 ounces.

 Rally – this occurs when the players hit the bird back and forth several times
before one side scores a point

 Serve or Service – players put the shuttlecock into play for points by “serving” it
to opponents, hitting it over the net into a special part of the court near their
opponent
 Christian Hosana 2BAPA3A

 Service Court - Area into which the serve must be delivered. Different for singles
and doubles play.

 Short Service Line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve must reach to
be legal.

 Shuttlecock - thje name for the object that players hit, made of a ball of cork or
rubber with a crown of feathers in an open conical shape.

 Smash – when a shuttle is floated high into the air, a player has time to unleash a
powerful overhand shot straight to the floor of the opposing court

 Wood Shot - Shot that results when the base of the shuttle is hit by the frame of
the racket. Once illegal, this shot was ruled acceptable by the International
Badminton Federation in 1963.