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    Lua Cheatsheet

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous oZ18ajaa
    This document provides a summary of key concepts in Lua including: 1) How to write comments, invoke functions, create tables/arrays, use loops, conditionals, variables and functions. 2) How to work with tables including lookups, metatables, and classes. 3) Common operators, constants, and global functions. 4) How to work with strings, tables, math functions, I/O, and references for more information.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lua Cheatsheet

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous oZ18ajaa
    174 views7 pages
    This document provides a summary of key concepts in Lua including: 1) How to write comments, invoke functions, create tables/arrays, use loops, conditionals, variables and functions. 2) How to work with tables including lookups, metatables, and classes. 3) Common operators, constants, and global functions. 4) How to work with strings, tables, math functions, I/O, and references for more information.

    Original Description:

    lua summary

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    This document provides a summary of key concepts in Lua including: 1) How to write comments, invoke functions, create tables/arrays, use loops, conditionals, variables and functions. 2) How to work with tables including lookups, metatables, and classes. 3) Common operators, constants, and global functions. 4) How to work with strings, tables, math functions, I/O, and references for more information.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    174 views7 pages

    Lua Cheatsheet

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous oZ18ajaa
    This document provides a summary of key concepts in Lua including: 1) How to write comments, invoke functions, create tables/arrays, use loops, conditionals, variables and functions. 2) How to work with tables including lookups, metatables, and classes. 3) Common operators, constants, and global functions. 4) How to work with strings, tables, math functions, I/O, and references for more information.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document provides a cheatsheet for common Lua syntax and constructs like comments, functions, tables, loops, and conditionals.

    Basic data types in Lua include numbers, strings, booleans, tables, functions, threads, and userdata.

    Functions in Lua are defined using the function keyword followed by the function name and parameters in parentheses.

    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    C H E AT S H E E T F O R

    Lua

    Comments

    -- comment
    --[[ Multiline
    comment ]]

    Invoking functions

    print()
    print("Hi")

    -- You can omit parentheses if the argument is one string or table literal
    print "Hello World" <--> print("Hello World")
    dofile 'a.lua' <--> dofile ('a.lua')
    print [[a multi-line <--> print([[a multi-line
    message]] message]])
    f{x=10, y=20} <--> f({x=10, y=20})
    type{} <--> type({})

    Tables / arrays

    t = {}
    t = { a = 1, b = 2 }
    t.a = function() ... end

    t = { ["hello"] = 200 }
    t.hello

    -- Remember, arrays are also tables


    array = { "a", "b", "c", "d" }
    print(array[2]) -- "b" (one-indexed)
    print(#array) -- 4 (length)

    Loops

    while condition do
    end

    for i = 1,5 do
    end

    https://devhints.io/lua 1/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    for i = start,finish,delta do
    end

    for k,v in pairs(tab) do


    end

    repeat
    until condition

    -- Breaking out:
    while x do
    if condition then break end
    end

    Conditionals

    if condition then
    print("yes")
    elsif condition then
    print("maybe")
    else
    print("no")
    end

    Variables

    local x = 2
    two, four = 2, 4

    Functions

    function myFunction()
    return 1
    end

    function myFunctionWithArgs(a, b)
    -- ...
    end

    myFunction()

    anonymousFunctions(function()
    -- ...
    end)

    -- Not exported in the module


    local function myPrivateFunction()
    end

    https://devhints.io/lua 2/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    -- Splats
    function doAction(action, ...)
    print("Doing '"..action.."' to", ...)
    --> print("Doing 'write' to", "Shirley", "Abed")
    end

    doAction('write', "Shirley", "Abed")

    Lookups

    mytable = { x = 2, y = function() .. end }

    -- The same:
    mytable.x
    mytable['x']

    -- Syntactic sugar, these are equivalent:


    mytable.y(mytable)
    mytable:y()

    mytable.y(mytable, a, b)
    mytable:y(a, b)

    function X:y(z) .. end


    function X.y(self, z) .. end

    Metatables

    mt = {}

    -- A metatable is simply a table with functions in it.


    mt.__tostring = function() return "lol" end
    mt.__add = function(b) ... end -- a + b
    mt.__mul = function(b) ... end -- a * b
    mt.__index = function(k) ... end -- Lookups (a[k] or a.k)
    mt.__newindex = function(k, v) ... end -- Setters (a[k] = v)

    -- Metatables allow you to override behavior of another table.


    mytable = {}
    setmetatable(mytable, mt)

    print(myobject)

    Classes

    Account = {}

    function Account:new(balance)

    https://devhints.io/lua 3/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    local t = setmetatable({}, { __index = Account })

    -- Your constructor stuff


    t.balance = (balance or 0)
    return t
    end

    function Account:withdraw(amount)
    print("Withdrawing "..amount.."...")
    self.balance = self.balance - amount
    self:report()
    end

    function Account:report()
    print("Your current balance is: "..self.balance)
    end

    a = Account:new(9000)
    a:withdraw(200) -- method call

    Constants

    nil
    false
    true

    Operators (and their metatable names)

    -- Relational (binary)
    -- __eq __lt __gt __le __ge
    == < > <= >=
    ~= -- Not equal, just like !=

    -- Arithmetic (binary)
    -- __add __sub __muv __div __mod __pow
    + - * / % ^

    -- Arithmetic (unary)
    -- __unm (unary minus)
    -

    -- Logic (and/or)
    nil and 10 --> 10
    false and nil --> false
    10 and 20 --> 20

    -- Length
    -- __len(array)
    #array

    -- Indexing
    -- __index(table, key)

    https://devhints.io/lua 4/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    t[key]
    t.key

    -- __newindex(table, key, value)


    t[key]=value

    -- String concat
    -- __concat(left, right)
    "hello, "..name

    -- Call
    -- __call(func, ...)

    API: Global functions (ref)

    dofile("hello.lua")
    loadfile("hello.lua")

    assert(x) -- x or (raise an error)


    assert(x, "failed")

    type(var) -- "nil" | "number" | "string" | "boolean" | "table" | "function" | "thread" | "userdata"

    -- Does /not/ invoke meta methods (__index and __newindex)


    rawset(t, index, value) -- Like t[index] = value
    rawget(t, index) -- Like t[index]

    _G -- Global context
    setfenv(1, {}) -- 1: current function, 2: caller, and so on -- {}: the new _G

    pairs(t) -- iterable list of {key, value}


    ipairs(t) -- iterable list of {index, value}

    tonumber("34")
    tonumber("8f", 16)

    API: Strings

    'string'..'concatenation'

    s = "Hello"
    s:upper()
    s:lower()
    s:len() -- Just like #s

    s:find()
    s:gfind()

    s:match()
    s:gmatch()

    s:sub()
    s:gsub()

    https://devhints.io/lua 5/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    s:rep()
    s:char()
    s:dump()
    s:reverse()
    s:byte()
    s:format()

    API: Tables

    table.foreach(t, function(row) ... end)


    table.setn
    table.insert(t, 21) -- append (--> t[#t+1] = 21)
    table.insert(t, 4, 99)
    table.getn
    table.concat
    table.sort
    table.remove(t, 4)

    API: Math (ref)

    math.abs math.acos math.asin math.atan math.atan2


    math.ceil math.cos math.cosh math.deg math.exp
    math.floor math.fmod math.frexp math.ldexp math.log
    math.log10 math.max math.min math.modf math.pow
    math.rad math.random math.randomseed math.sin math.sinh
    math.sqrt math.tan math.tanh

    math.sqrt(144)
    math

    API: Misc

    io.output(io.open("file.txt", "w"))
    io.write(x)
    io.close()

    for line in io.lines("file.txt")

    file = assert(io.open("file.txt", "r"))


    file:read()
    file:lines()
    file:close()

    Reference

    https://devhints.io/lua 6/7
    5/11/2019 Lua cheatsheet

    http://www.lua.org/pil/13.html http://lua-users.org/wiki/ObjectOrientedProgramming

    https://devhints.io/lua 7/7

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