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Carnot Cycle

The document summarizes the Carnot cycle, which is considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle. It consists of four processes: (1) reversible gas expansion that absorbs heat and expands the gas, (2) reversible adiabatic expansion that causes the gas to do work and lower its temperature, (3) reversible isothermal compression where surrounding work compresses the gas and causes it to lose heat, and (4) reversible adiabatic compression where surrounding work increases the gas's temperature again. The Carnot cycle is depicted on pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams and is defined as the most efficient due to the absence of wasteful processes like friction.

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130 views3 pages

Carnot Cycle

The document summarizes the Carnot cycle, which is considered the most efficient thermodynamic cycle. It consists of four processes: (1) reversible gas expansion that absorbs heat and expands the gas, (2) reversible adiabatic expansion that causes the gas to do work and lower its temperature, (3) reversible isothermal compression where surrounding work compresses the gas and causes it to lose heat, and (4) reversible adiabatic compression where surrounding work increases the gas's temperature again. The Carnot cycle is depicted on pressure-volume and temperature-entropy diagrams and is defined as the most efficient due to the absence of wasteful processes like friction.

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alexonting
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name: Onting, Alexander F.

Date: November 04, 2019

Year/Section: BSABE 2-1 Instructor: Engr. Maria Loriza Peliña

"The Concept of Carnot Cycle”

As the years went by the need for steam engines has increased and plays a significant
role in industry. Various theories about conversion of energy to thermal process has raised and
one of those theories is the Carnot Cycle. Carnot is known as the father of thermodynamics
because he developed the foundation of the second law of thermodynamics which is law of
energy degradation. The Carnot Cycle is considered as the optimum cycle and many attempts
to reach this cycle. It is consist of four processes; process of reversible Gas expansion, the ideal
gas in this process absorb amount of heat from a heat source and expands in high temperature
and work on the surrounding. Process of reversible adiabatic gas expansion in this process, the
gas continue to expand and do work on the surrounding which causes the system to lower its
temperature. Process of reversible isothermal gas, is the compression in which the surrounding
do work on the gas that causes the system to lose its heat. Lastly, process of reversible
adiabatic gas compression in this process the surrounding continues to do work to the gas that
causes the temperature to increase again.

In terms of pressure - volume diagram, the isothermal process I and III, the change in
internal energy is zero (∆U=0) because the change in temperature is zero (∆T=0), while in
adiabatic process II and IV, the heat is zero (q=0).
In the T - S diagram of Carnot Cycle, in isothermal process I and III the ∆T=0, and
adiabatic process II and IV, ∆S=0 because dq=0.

The Carnot Cycle is considered as the most efficient engine based on assumption,
because there is no incident wasteful process such as friction, and no conduction of heat at any
part at any temperature. Carnot Cycle's efficiency is defined as the ratio of energy output to the
energy input.
Reference:

Chemistry (2019). Carnot cycle. Retrieved from:


https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry_Textbook_Maps/
Supplemental_Modules_(Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry)/Thermodynamics/Thermodyna
mic_Cycles/Carnot_Cycle?fbclid=IwAR0KY81iX-
nk3zUHYWXw7DOzoZv5pUoneNNhsz6vKFCkNUq-rRrx_10Zmfc

Science Direct (2011). Modern engineering thermodynamics. Retrieved


from:https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fhyperphysics.p
hy-astr.gsu.edu%2Fhbase%2Fthermo%2Fcarnot.html&ved=2ahUKEwj44-
KG_8DlAhUtyosBHcfQD_8QFjAiegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw2_8dtYF5a3SbwPqUW4wd3_&fbclid
=IwAR1h0mQqaSOenVzy722MmyIvPHO_rcRJeVDOt4P8jRvP_9WG8hYn33CHWUo

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