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Lab 3 - Particle Count

1. This document outlines the procedures for conducting a particle count test on lubricant oil samples using an automatic particle counter. 2. The test determines the number of particles in three size categories to calculate an ISO cleanliness code for each sample. This code classifies the cleanliness level of the oil. 3. Fresh and used samples of engine oil and hydraulic oil will be tested to observe how particle counts increase with use. The results will be analyzed to evaluate oil quality and machine component performance. Suggestions will be provided to improve oil cleanliness.

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85 views

Lab 3 - Particle Count

1. This document outlines the procedures for conducting a particle count test on lubricant oil samples using an automatic particle counter. 2. The test determines the number of particles in three size categories to calculate an ISO cleanliness code for each sample. This code classifies the cleanliness level of the oil. 3. Fresh and used samples of engine oil and hydraulic oil will be tested to observe how particle counts increase with use. The results will be analyzed to evaluate oil quality and machine component performance. Suggestions will be provided to improve oil cleanliness.

Uploaded by

Slim Shaddys
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

OIL ANALYSIS LAB 3

BMMM 4623 SEMESTER 1 SESI _______________

LAB 3: PARTICLE COUNT

DATE : COURSE: [ ] GROUP: [ ] LAB GROUP: [ ]

NAME OF GROUP 1.
MEMBERS &
MATRIX NUMBER 2.

3.

4.

NAME OF 1.
INSTRUCTOR
2.

3.

EXAMINER’S COMMENT VERIFICATION STAMP

TOTAL MARKS
1.0 OBJECTIVES
In this lab work, students are exposed to a method observing number of particles of
contaminated in lubricant oil samples. Objectives of the experiments are:
1. To observe particles contamination in lubricants sample.
2. To classify cleanliness level of the sample.

2.0 INTRODUCTION
The importance of clean oil cannot be ignored in any machinery system. Any machine
components that experience contacts and friction will generate wear debris regardless
existence of lubricants. Particle count data is an invaluable part of proactive condition-
monitoring program. The particle count data can be used to ensuring that components wear
is at minimum and determine if a hydraulic fluid is clean enough for reliable operation.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed a cleanliness code
that is the primary piece of data reviewed on most industrial oil analysis reports. The value
of this code can help determine the overall cleanliness of the monitored system. This
cleanliness code is regulated in ISO 4406:99 standard. Number of particles in three different
size categories, i.e. >4 µm, >6 µm, and >14 µm respectively, are determined in one milliliter
of sample. Each size category should be counted with the absolute count converted to an
ISO code, using the ISO range code chart.
The ISO code is a fantastic tool to use for setting target alarms and establishing a goal to
achieve and maintain as it relates to system cleanliness. It is also the perfect value to use
for key performance indicator (KPI) tracking, charting and posting. However, the ISO code
should play only a secondary role when it comes to evaluating used oil sample data.

3.0 Equipment and Materials


3.1. Equipment
Automatic Particle Counters (APC’s), have been widely used for many years in
condition monitoring of hydraulic fluids. This experiment use Parker Laser CM20
Contamination Monitor (Figure 1) to determine number of particles contained in oil
sample. This equipment works by projects a focused light source through a moving
column of oil, in which the contaminants being measured are contained, causing an
image of the contaminant to be projected on to a photo diode cell then changing light
intensity to an electrical output. The electrical output of the photo diode cell will vary
in accordance with the size of the particles contained in the column of oil; the larger
the particle, the bigger the change in the photo diode electrical output. The software
then differs and count number of the particles based on its size.

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Figure 1: Parker Laser CM20 Contamination Monitor
3.2. Oil Samples
Two kind of lubricants are use in this experiment:
1. Fresh and used engine oil
2. Fresh and used Hydraulic oil

4.0 PROCEDURE OF THE EXPERIMENT


1. Switch Laser CM20 on by press the “Laser CM20” button as shown in
Figure 2.

Figure 2: Switching on Laser CM20

2. Prior to testing, perform independent flow test by Press [ ] button for


5 seconds.
3. Flow test will commence, “Manual Flow Test in Progress” status will show
in the display.
4. The results of the flowtest will be printed out after 30 seconds (Figure 3).

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Figure 3: Independent flow test result
5. Based on the result printed, a ΔT ≤3.60C is required for a successful
test to be achieved. If the ΔT value is >03.60C, then the flow rate through
the “System 20 Sensor” should be increased or the system oil
temperature raised.
6. After independent flow test finished, Select ISO/NAS button from the
menu. This determines the standard format of test data stored, where
ISO standard will be used in this experiment.
7. Observe position of operation control valve system from the display,

either in or position.
8. Turn valve 90° in indicated direction (Figure 4). Valve position can be
checked from the top of the Monitor or from the front of the Monitor
Note: Only turn the valve when starting a test and only when the valve turn

symbol or shown in the display.

Figure 4: Valve control

9. Testing will commence immediately which will take approximately 2


minutes. The duration bar will run across the screen for the duration of
the test.
10. During each test, the appropriate test number will appear on the display.
11. When the test is complete the ISO Code will automatically be displayed.

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12. To obtain a count for the 4µm particles, press the MODE button and count
of 4µm particles will be displayed.
Note: All particle counts are representative of 100 ml samples
13. Repeat step 12 to obtain count of >6 µm, and >14 µm particles
respectively.

5.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION


Record and tabulate number of particles found in the samples (see Table 1).
Discuss following topics:.
1. Explanation why number of particles increased on used oil.
2. By referring ISO cleanliness level in Appendix 1, classify the oil cleanliness level of
the sample.
3. Discuss relation of particles counted to the quality of the oil and performance of
machine components.
4. Suggestion to improve oil cleanliness.

Table 1. Particle count data


No Name of Sample
(4m) (6m) (14m)
1
2
3
4
5
Etc…

6.0 EVALUATION
The lab report evaluated based on:

1. Summary
2. Background
3. Methodology
4. Data, Analysis and Discussion
5. Conclusion
6. Format

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APPENDIX 1
ISO Code Chart for Number of Particles in a Milliliter of a Fluid

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Appendix 2
ASSESMENT RUBRIC

No Evaluated Items Score Marks

1 Summary of report
The summary contain problem statement, method used, 4 5
data analysis and discussion and well summarized
represent the whole experiment
The summary contain problem statement, method used, 2 3 5
data analysis and discussion and adequately summarized
Summary poorly present, most information not given or 0 1
No summary presented

2 Background
Introduction, objective and background theory to the 4 5 6
experiment are well or adequately presented 6
Introduction, objective and background theory to the 1 2 3
experiment are poorly presented

3 Method
All set up of experiment are comprehensively or 3 4
adequately presented 4
Set up of experiment poorly presented 1 2

4 Data, analysis and Discussion


Data obtained are correct, well analyzed and discussed. 8 9 10
Data obtained are adequate, adequate analysis and 5 6 7
discussion are presented 10
Poor data obtained. Data poorly analyzed and discussed. 2 3 4

5 Conclusion
Conclusion are correct, related to result and meet the 4 5
objectives
Conclusion provided but not related to the results or 2 3
objectives 5
No conclusion provided 0 1

6 References, Format, and Languange


Report written in understandable language, neatly 4 5
arranged, has ≥ 10 references.
Report written in low clarity language, not well arranged, 2 3
has 5 – 8 references.
Report badly written, not well arraged, has < 5 references 0 1 5
or no references presented

Total

35

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