Class Notes, ESOL 0053/0063, 9/26: Connector Quiz 6 (Practice)

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Class Notes, ESOL 0053/0063, 9/26

Connector Quiz 6 (Practice)


A. SUBORDINATORS AND PREPOSITIONS. Edit each sentence or pair of sentences
for punctuation. Add commas and periods, and capitalize words wherever
appropriate. If no punctuation changes are needed, write “OK.” Do not add or
delete any words.

1. Because of the storm, we stayed home.

2. We stayed home because of the storm. OK

3. As soon as I am ready, I’ll call you.

4. You should hide the presents before Alec gets here. OK

5. In spite of my headache, I had a good time at the party.

B. SUBORDINATORS AND PREPOSITIONS. Edit each sentence or pair of sentences


for punctuation and capitalization errors. If you find errors, correct them. If you do
not find any errors, write “OK.” Do not add or delete any words.

1. The game was canceled. Due to the hot weather. X

1. The game was canceled due to the hot weather.

2. Unlike his wife Barry loves animals. X

2. Unlike his wife, Barry loves animals.

3. I’ll come to your party. If I don’t have to work. X

3. I’ll come to your party if I don’t have to work.

4. Even though I’m tired, I’d like to go out tonight. OK

5. Ivan decided to go jogging, in spite of his sore ankle. X

5. Ivan decided to go jogging in spite of his sore ankle.


Verb Quiz 8 (Practice)
A. For each of the verbs below, write the simple past form and past participle.
(1 point each)

simple form simple past past participle


shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shrink shrank shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent

B. Circle the correct alternative. If both are correct, circle both. (10 points each)
1. A: What are you up to today?
B: I’m reading / I’ve been reading a novel.
2. A: What are you up to next weekend?
B: I’m going / I’ve been going to LA.
3. A: You look tired.
B: Yeah, I’m not sleeping / I haven’t been sleeping well lately.
4. A: You look tired.
B: Yeah, I’m not sleeping / I haven’t been sleeping well recently.
5. A: You look tired.
B: Yeah, I’m not sleeping / I haven’t been sleeping well since I got back from my
trip.
6. A: You look tired.
B: Yeah, I’m not sleeping / I haven’t been sleeping well for the last few nights.
7. Laura works every Tuesday morning from 8:00 to noon. It’s Monday evening right
now, so she’s working / she’s been working for four hours tomorrow morning.
8. Laura works every Tuesday morning from 8:00 to noon. Right now it’s Tuesday at
10:00 a.m., so she’s working / she’s been working for two hours.
9. Laura works every Tuesday morning from 8:00 to noon. Right now it’s Tuesday
morning. She’s working / she’s been working for four hours this morning.

Verbs with Irregular Past Forms: 81-90


simple form simple past form past participle
split split split
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
strike struck struck
swear swore sworn
sweep swept swept
swim swam swum
take took taken

Present Perfect Progressive vs. Present Perfect


With Nonaction (Stative) Verbs
With nonaction (stative) verbs, replace the present perfect progressive with the present
perfect.

Are these sentences correct?


I’ve been knowing Toni for many years. X
I’ve known Toni for many years.

I have been having a headache since this morning. X


I’ve had a headache since this morning.

With No Time Expression


present perfect progressive present perfect
I’ve been revising my essay. (I’m still I’ve revised my essay. (I’ve finished revising
revising my essay.) my essay.)
I’ve been eating Korean food. (a short-term I’ve eaten Korean food. (I’ve eaten Korean
habit that began recently and will probably before, and so I know what it tastes like.)
continue for a while in the future)

For Counting, Listing, and Juggling


Both the present perfect and present perfect progressive can be used when counting time
(minutes, hours, days, years, etc.).
I’ve lived / I’ve been living in Dallas for five years.
The present perfect, not the present perfect progressive, can be used when counting other
things (times, cups of coffee, pages, etc.)
Dani has dated / has been dating three guys so far. (still counting)

The present perfect progressive can be used for for juggling and for habitual counting.
Dani has been dating three guys. (She’s juggling three guys.)
She’s been going out with Jorge two or three times a week.

present perfect present perfect progressive


counting vs. juggling She’s dated three guys. She’s been dating three guys.

listing vs. juggling She’s dated Sam, Tom, and She’s been dating Sam, Tom,
Dan. and Dan.
counting once vs. He’s had three apples today. He’s been having three apples
counting habitually every day.
listing once vs. listing He’s had an apple, an orange, He’s been having an apple, an
habitually and a banana today. orange, and a banana every
day.

With Adverbs of Frequency


Exercise
Circle the better option.
1. I’ve always gotten up / I’ve always been getting up early. I’m a real morning person!
2. I’ve never eaten / I’ve never been eating Ethiopian food before.

With LATELY
The adverb lately is used only with verbs in perfect tenses.

I travel a lot lately. X


I’m traveling a lot lately. X
I’ve been traveling a lot lately. OK
I’ve traveled a lot lately. OK
I traveled a lot lately. X

Lately is used mainly for


 habits that started recently and will probably continue for a while in the future
 recent experience leading to present knowledge

present perfect present perfect progressive


recent I’ve played soccer a lot lately. I’ve been playing soccer (a lot)
habitual (lately).
actions
recent I’ve been tired a lot lately.
habitual
states
recent I haven’t played soccer lately.
experience

Recent Habits
The present perfect / present perfect progressive can be used with lately for recent habitual
actions. However, the present perfect / present perfect progressive is used more often in this
way.

I have worked out a lot lately.


I have been working out a lot lately.

If you use the present perfect / present perfective progressive with lately for a recent habitual
action, then you must do something (e.g. add the expression “a lot”) to indicate habitual
repetition.

If you use the present perfect / present perfect progressive, it is usually not necessary to say
lately because the tense already means lately.

I have worked out a lot lately.


I have been working out (a lot) (lately).

Recent Experience
The present perfect is used with lately (mainly in questions and negative sentences) to
describe recent experience that has led to present knowledge.

I wonder what Marcia is up to. Have you talked to her lately?

I don’t know if that restaurant is still good. I haven’t eaten there lately.

Exercises
Ask your partner about his / her recent habits:
1. Have you been eating well (lately)?
2. Have you been sleeping well (lately)?
3. Have you been exercising (lately)?
4. Have you been having fun (lately)?
Ask your partner about his / her recent experience:
1. Have you talked to your best friend lately? If so, how is s/he?
2. Have you been to your favorite restaurant lately? If not, why not?
3. Have you weighed yourself lately? If so, are you happy with your weight?

Circle the better option. Circle just one!


1. Have you been / Have you been going to the gym lately? They’ve painted it pink.
2. Have you been / Have you been going to the gym lately? You look great!
3. Have you slept / Have you been sleeping well lately? You look exhausted.
4. Have you talked / Have you been talking to Tina lately? She’s divorcing her
husband.

Circle the correct option. If both are correct, circle both.


1. I’ve been speaking / I’ve spoken Chinese lately, so my Chinese is in good shape.
2. I’ve been speaking / I’ve spoken a lot of Chinese lately, so my Chinese is in good
shape.
3. I’ve been eating out / I’ve eaten out lately, so I’m kind of broke.
4. I’ve been eating out / I’ve eaten out a lot lately, so I’m kind of broke.

With HOW LONG, FOR, ALL, WHOLE, SINCE


Both the present perfect progressive and the present perfect can be used with how long, for,
all, whole, and since to describe a situation that started a specified amount of time ago or at
a specified point in the past and that continues in the present.

So with how long, for, all, whole, and since, when should you use the present perfect
progressive and when should you use the present perfect?

present simple present perfect present perfect


progressive present progressive
specific I’m playing I’ve been playing
action soccer. soccer since 2:00.

temporary I’m playing I’ve been playing


habit soccer. soccer since last
month.
long-term I play I’ve been playing I’ve played soccer
habit soccer. soccer since I was a since I was a kid.
kid.
nonaction I love I’ve loved soccer since
soccer. I was a kid.
When using since to count or list, use the present perfect, not the present perfect
progressive:

Since I moved to the U.S., I’ve been living / I’ve lived in three different cities.

Since I moved to the U.S., I’ve been living / I’ve lived in LA, Chicago, and Dallas.

Exercise
A. Select the correct alternative. If both are correct, circle both.
1. I wear glasses. I’ve been wearing / I’ve worn glasses since I was a kid. (For a long-
term habit with how long, for, all, whole, since, both tenses are commonly used.)
2. He’s wearing sun glasses. He’s been wearing them / He’s worn them since he
arrived.
3. She plays the piano. She’s been playing / She’s played the piano for many years.
4. She’s playing the piano right now. She’s been playing / She’s played the piano for
an hour.
5. I’ve been studying / I’ve studied for the last four hours, but I can’t stop. I’m still not
ready for the test.
6. He climbs mountains. He’s been climbing / He’s climbed mountains for many
years.
7. He’s climbing a mountain right now. He’s been climbing / He’s climbed it for the last
few hours.
8. I read a lot. I’ve been reading / I’ve read a lot since I was a kid.
9. Right now I’m reading a novel. I’ve been reading / I’ve read it since this morning.
10. She writes mystery novels. She’s been writing / She’s written mystery novels since
she was in her twenties.
11. She’s writing a mystery novel right now. She’s been writing it / She’s written it since
she finished writing her autobiography.

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