Cloud Computing

1/17/2012
Syllabus
• Module 1 : Definition and basics
– Definition
– Cloud Architecture
– Brief intro to SaaS, IaaS, PaaS

• Module 2 : Use of platform in Cloud Computing

– Abstraction and Virtualization
– Concept of Platform as a Service
– Use of a Google Web Service
– Use of Amazon Web Service
– Use of Microsoft Cloud Service

• Module 3 : Cloud Infrastructure

– Cloud Management
– Cloud Security

• Module 4 : Concept of service and application

– Service Oriented Architecture
– Applications in the Cloud
– Cloud based Storage
– Web Mail Services
Books
• Books Recommended:
1. Cloud Computing Bible by Barrie Sosinsky, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd,
2013
2. Mastering Cloud Computing by Rajkumar Buyya, Christian
Vecchiola, S. Thamarai Selvi, McGraw Hill Education
(India) Private Limited, 2013
3. Cloud computing: A practical approach, Anthony T. Velte, Tata
Mcgraw-Hill
4. Cloud Computing, Miller, Pearson
5. Building applications in cloud:Concept, Patterns and Projects,
Moyer, Pearson

• References:
• 1. Cloud Computing – Second Edition by Dr. Kumar Saurabh,
Wiley India
Stories
European researchers switch from super computers to cloud computing

More than ever now, the European Commission needs to focus on building
and growing the high-performance computing (HPC) market. High-
performance computing (HPC) uses supercomputers to solve advanced
computation problems and is a key enabler of ground-breaking innovation
that creates high wage jobs and allows Europe’s competitiveness to be
maintained.

On average, 95% of the computing capacity of desktop computers in

universities is wasted. By using Windows Azure, this capacity is maximized up
to 99%. The traditional European supercomputing industry has largely
vanished
Theme : Better resource utilization
Story - Continues
AWS Case Study: Actual Analytics
• Actual Analytics develops solutions for automated, assisted video content
analysis, enabling indexing and searching of video content based on what is
happening in the video. Their solutions enable the recognition of disease and
drug effects for use within the pharmaceutical industry.
• The company decided early that, due to the large and variable processing
requirements associated with video processing, they were going to use a
cloud platform to deliver their application.
Theme : Rapid Elasticity
Azure : Saving lives at sea in the UK with cloud computing
High numbers of deaths at sea is a major concern for anyone in the fishing
industry, with an estimated 24,000 crew members drowning worldwide each year.

GeoPoint, which transmits location data to a centralised tracking system, and

MOB (man overboard) Guardian, which uses personal safety devices that can
automatically trigger on-vessel alarms whilst sending a signal via satellite to the
search-and-rescue service
Theme : No capital expenditure
Distributed and parallel computing
A distributed system is a network of autonomous computers that communicate with each
other in order to achieve a goal. The computers in a distributed system are independent
and do not physically share memory or processors. They communicate with each other
using messages, pieces of information transferred from one computer to another over a
network.

A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that appears to the user as

a single coherent system. The association might be temporal. Example : Torrent

To put in a very simple form Parallel Computing is about having multiple processors in a
system , which is kind of a shared memory model. Variations one processor with multiple
ALU, we can even use threading to parallelize programs. Homogeneous and tightly
coupled.

Cluster Computing and Grid Computing are both forms of distributed computing , Cluster
Computing is again more homogeneous and tightly coupled than a grid.
Parallel/ Distributed continued
Computing simplifying taxonomy
Massive/High
Performance
Computing

Distributed Parallel
Computing Computing

Grid Cluster
Computing Computing

Cloud Computing is most close to grid computing in terms of philosophy, however

cloud computing overlaps , each one of them.
Gartner hype cycle
 Definition
Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a
shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.

Cloud computing is a method of providing a set of shared computing resources that includes
applications, computing, storage, networking, development, and deployment platforms as
well as business processes. Cloud computing turns traditional siloed computing assets into
shared pools of resources that are based on an underlying Internet foundation.
Definition
Cloud computing is a colloquial expression used to describe a variety of different types
of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers that are connected
through a real-time communication network (typically the Internet).

Cloud computing is a jargon term a commonly accepted non-ambiguous scientific or

technical definition. In science, cloud computing is a synonym for distributed
computing over a network and means the ability to run a program on many connected
computers at the same time.

So Grid computing brings massive scale and fault tolerance , which are essential
components of cloud.

Utility computing brings in the flavour of metered services and thus packaging of resources
like computation , storage and network . It embodies the notion of Pay and Use.
Characteristics
On-demand self-service:
The ability for an end user to sign up and receive services without the long delays
that have characterized traditional IT
Broad network access:
Ability to access the service via standard platforms (desktop, laptop, mobile etc)
Resource pooling:
Resources are pooled across multiple customers
Rapid elasticity:
Capability can scale to cope with demand peaks
Measured Service:
Billing is metered and delivered as a utility service

Simplified Version:
The service is accessible via a web browser or a web service API
Zero Capital Expenditure is necessary to get started
You pay only for what you use , as you use it.
Case 1
An enterprise needs a mail service/server.

 Server Machine
 Server OS ( Windows 2008 )
 Server Software ( Microsoft Exchange Server )
 People for maintaining the server , renewal

Flip Side:
-Server might be good for 5 years , but software for 3 years. So there can be a
compatibility gap.
- Server may not be fault tolerant
- we need to estimate growth rate , peak size etc , else expansion is very difficult
- Significant Investment
Cloud Solution
-Get your mail server set up with Gmail

Advantages:

- You don’t need to worry about maintenance

- No down time and guaranteed fault tolerance
- Infinite scalability
- Very Standard features
- Minimal lock-in
Cloud Choice
Sify
SaaS, PaaS, IaaS – Service Model
• U have capacity to cook for 4 people at home. U
are having 20 people coming in

– U order Pizza from Dominos ( SaaS )

– Ur neighbor , hands over her gas burner , with the
gas cylinder, so u can cook for 4 , u just pay her at
an hourly rate ( PaaS)
– U approach ur housing committee chairman and he
gives u permission to use community hall, where u
can cook and dine. (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS) is a software delivery business model in which a provider
or third party hosts an application and makes it available to customers on a subscription
basis.
 There are no upfront commitments, so the customer is spared any long-term
contracts.
SaaS customers use the software running on the provider’s infrastructure on a pay-as-
you-go basis.
 This multi-tenancy may be objectionable to some companies due to the nature of their
business, so providers may offer a physically isolated infrastructure for such customers
and charge them for the extra costs associated with maintenance of the software and the
hardware.
Exchange Online is a full-featured email, calendar, and
contacts solution delivered as a service hosted by
Microsoft. Built on the same technologies as Microsoft
Exchange Server, Exchange Online provides end users
with a familiar experience across PCs, the Web and
mobile devices, while giving IT administrators powerful
Web-based tools for managing their online deployment.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS) fills the needs of those who want to build and run custom
applications as services. These could be ISVs, value-added service providers, enterprise IT
shops and anyone who needs custom applications.
PaaS offers hosted application servers that have near-infinite scalability resulting from
the large resource pools they rely on.
 A service provider offers a pre-configured, virtualized application server environment
to which applications can be deployed by the development staff

AWS Elastic Beanstalk

AWS Elastic Beanstalk is an even easier way for you to quickly deploy and manage
applications in the AWS cloud. You simply upload your application, and Elastic
Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment details of capacity provisioning, load
balancing, auto-scaling, and application health monitoring.
AWS Elastic Beanstalk
For .NET Developers
To deploy .NET applications using AWS Elastic Beanstalk, you simply:
Create your application as you normally would using Microsoft Visual Studio.
Publish your application to AWS Elastic Beanstalk using the AWS Toolkit for Visual
Studio.

Alternatively, you can package your deployable code into a Microsoft Web Deploy .zip
package and upload to AWS Elastic Beanstalk using the AWS Management Console.
Behind the scenes, Elastic Beanstalk handles the provisioning of a load balancer and
the deployment of your Microsoft Web Deploy package to one or more Amazon EC2
instances running Windows Server 2008 R2 and IIS 7.5.

Within minutes you can access your application at a customized URL (e.g.
http://myapp.elasticbeanstalk.com/).
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is similar to traditional hosting, where a business will
use the hosted environment as a logical extension of the on-premises datacenter. The
servers (physical and virtual) are rented on an as-needed basis, and the IT professionals
who manage the infrastructure have full control of the software configuration.

Some providers may even allow flexibility in hardware configuration, which makes the
service more expensive when compared to an equivalent PaaS offering. PaaS offers
hosted application servers that have near-infinite scalability resulting from the large
resource pools they rely on.

Oracle Infrastructure as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service On Premise with Capacity on Demand
Oracle Infrastructure as a Service (Oracle IaaS) delivers Oracle Engineered Systems
hardware and support for a monthly fee, with no upfront capital expenditures. Oracle
IaaS combines the security and control of on-premise systems with unique features of
cloud computing, including Capacity on Demand, which enables businesses to access
and pay for peak CPU capacity only when needed.
 SaaS, PaaS, IaaS Contd.
- Getting a windows virtual machine , will be IaaS
- A Windows VM , with a .Net Framework and development Framework will be example of
PaaS
-A .Net application , exposed in Cloud will be an example of SaaS

Even more layman terms

-IaaS will be concerning hardware , storage and Networking

- PaaS will be concerning operating system and development environments like .net , Java ,
Python etc.
- SaaS are the applications

Gap between IaaS and PaaS are reducing rapidly

 Cloud Cube model
Who is supporting
the model?

Within your
organization
premise or
not ?

With in network
firewall or not?
Can you change
to another cloud
provider at will?
Deployment Model
Cloud reference architecture
Benefits of cloud
• Lower Cost
• Ease of Utilization
• Quality of Service
• Reliability
• Outsourced IT Management
• Simplified maintenance and upgrade
• Low barrier to entry
Disadvantages of cloud
• Less flexibility
• Inherent Latency
• Privacy and Security
Reference
• http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/ee309870.aspx\
• http://www.rackspace.com/knowledge_center/whitepaper/u
nderstanding-the-cloud-computing-stack-saas-paas-ia
Deployment Model